{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4312729670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2022.3216752","title":"TF-Predictor: Transformer-Based Prerouting Path Delay Prediction Framework","display_name":"TF-Predictor: Transformer-Based Prerouting Path Delay Prediction Framework","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4312729670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2022.3216752"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2022.3216752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2022.3216752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046599843","display_name":"Peng Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2039-9031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peng Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National ASIC Systems Engineering Technology Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National ASIC Systems Engineering Technology Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101976404","display_name":"Guoqing He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3560-5013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqing He","raw_affiliation_strings":["National ASIC Systems Engineering Technology Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National ASIC Systems Engineering Technology Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085746012","display_name":"T.C. Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1848-1095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National ASIC Systems Engineering Technology Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National ASIC Systems Engineering Technology Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046599843"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8472,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91080426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"7","first_page":"2227","last_page":"2237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.49890851974487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48083481192588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.35145431756973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16019850969314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15733802318572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.08509242534637451}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.49890851974487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48083481192588806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.35145431756973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16019850969314575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15733802318572998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.08509242534637451}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2022.3216752","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2022.3216752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G183370347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20201233","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4329224474","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFB2205004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5249304186","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62174031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1019670007","https://openalex.org/W1529100118","https://openalex.org/W1590243758","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W1970195165","https://openalex.org/W1970970490","https://openalex.org/W2103291381","https://openalex.org/W2143426320","https://openalex.org/W2148021977","https://openalex.org/W2148618168","https://openalex.org/W2156571267","https://openalex.org/W2164627280","https://openalex.org/W2344681634","https://openalex.org/W2346331195","https://openalex.org/W2556301080","https://openalex.org/W2584388207","https://openalex.org/W2799321765","https://openalex.org/W2884001105","https://openalex.org/W2888673533","https://openalex.org/W2898537641","https://openalex.org/W2911181151","https://openalex.org/W2944916746","https://openalex.org/W2946795101","https://openalex.org/W2963083845","https://openalex.org/W2982585804","https://openalex.org/W2996395311","https://openalex.org/W2998216295","https://openalex.org/W3029530502","https://openalex.org/W3030471910","https://openalex.org/W3033615934","https://openalex.org/W3080098168","https://openalex.org/W3085356816","https://openalex.org/W3092098889","https://openalex.org/W3092337895","https://openalex.org/W3113078536","https://openalex.org/W3190943481","https://openalex.org/W4200141518","https://openalex.org/W4210938977","https://openalex.org/W4212927526","https://openalex.org/W4220923808","https://openalex.org/W4289236186","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6682904970","https://openalex.org/W6688533166","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W7066667914"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Timing":[0],"mismatch":[1,178],"between":[2,179],"different":[3],"stages":[4,184],"of":[5,50,72,75,213,223,277,291],"physical":[6,142],"design":[7,51,307],"poses":[8],"great":[9],"challenges":[10],"for":[11,148,158,210,251],"circuit":[12,61],"optimization":[13,308],"to":[14,29,33,44,69,117,131,165,192,302,305,310],"achieve":[15],"the":[16,48,70,73,79,83,118,133,139,145,162,172,175,180,186,194,211,218,236,271,282,295],"desired":[17],"performance,":[18],"power,":[19],"and":[20,38,66,82,93,107,121,141,182,206,233,235,249,253,285],"area":[21,39],"(PPA)":[22],"tradeoff.":[23],"The":[24,198],"inaccurate":[25],"timing":[26,62,80,140,163,177],"estimation":[27],"prior":[28,266,309],"routing":[30,183,312],"may":[31],"lead":[32],"over-design":[34],"with":[35,63,110,204,281],"unwanted":[36],"power":[37],"consumption":[40],"or":[41],"iterating":[42],"back":[43],"cell":[45,160],"placement":[46,146,181],"at":[47,144],"cost":[49],"turn-around":[52],"time.":[53],"Existing":[54],"learning":[55,297],"models":[56],"could":[57],"not":[58],"predict":[59],"post-routing":[60,195,214],"satisfying":[64],"accuracy":[65],"efficiency":[67],"due":[68],"limitations":[71],"ignorance":[74],"delay":[76,97,150],"correlation":[77,237],"along":[78,161],"path":[81,96,149,164,196,215],"empirical":[84],"feature":[85,113,126,135,156],"selection":[86,114,127],"solutions.":[87],"In":[88,269],"this":[89],"work,":[90],"an":[91,111,124,258],"accurate":[92],"efficient":[94],"prerouting":[95],"prediction":[98,212],"framework":[99,200,272],"is":[100,129,153,189,229,245,286,300],"proposed":[101,199],"by":[102,168,185,261,265,288],"utilizing":[103],"a":[104,289],"transformer":[105,169,187],"network":[106,188],"residual":[108,173],"model":[109],"ensemble":[112,125],"mechanism.":[115],"Owing":[116],"combined":[119],"filter":[120],"wrapper":[122],"methods,":[123],"mechanism":[128],"implemented":[130],"determine":[132],"optimal":[134],"subset":[136],"based":[137],"on":[138],"information":[143],"stage":[147],"prediction,":[151],"which":[152,299],"extracted":[154],"as":[155,293],"sequences":[157],"each":[159],"be":[166,303],"trained":[167],"network.":[170],"With":[171],"model,":[174],"predicted":[176],"further":[190],"calibrated":[191],"estimate":[193],"delay.":[197],"has":[201],"been":[202],"validated":[203],"ISCAS\u201985":[205],"OpenCores":[207],"benchmark":[208],"circuits":[209],"delay,":[216],"where":[217],"perdition":[219],"error":[220,228,259],"in":[221],"terms":[222],"relative":[224],"root":[225],"mean":[226],"squared":[227],"limited":[230],"within":[231],"1.3%":[232],"3.0%":[234],"coefficient":[238],"<inline-formula":[239],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[240],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[241],"<tex-math":[242],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$R$":[243],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[244],"higher":[246],"than":[247],"0.999":[248],"0.995":[250],"seen":[252],"unseen":[254],"circuits,":[255],"respectively,":[256],"indicating":[257],"reduction":[260],"2.3\u201310.6":[262],"times":[263],"compared":[264,280],"learning-based":[267],"models.":[268],"addition,":[270],"achieves":[273],"average":[274],"three":[275],"orders":[276],"magnitude":[278],"speedup":[279],"commercial":[283],"tools":[284],"accelerated":[287],"factor":[290],"14\u2013128":[292],"against":[294],"competitive":[296],"models,":[298],"promising":[301],"applied":[304],"guide":[306],"time-consuming":[311],"stage.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T08:34:05.389933","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}