{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3012015934","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2020.2979458","title":"A Guaranteed Secure Scan Design Based on Test Data Obfuscation by Cryptographic Hash","display_name":"A Guaranteed Secure Scan Design Based on Test Data Obfuscation by Cryptographic Hash","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3012015934","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2020.2979458","mag":"3012015934"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2020.2979458","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2020.2979458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003304424","display_name":"Aijiao Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4728-9265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158809036","display_name":"Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03wrf9427","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158809036"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aijiao Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4728-9265","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158809036","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100462402","display_name":"Mengyang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7304-2031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengyang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Device Company, Ltd., Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Device Company, Ltd., Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012474783","display_name":"Gang Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6759-8949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA","Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6759-8949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768288","display_name":"Huawei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8082-4218"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huawei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Open Source Chip Research Center, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","SKLCA, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8082-4218","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Open Source Chip Research Center, Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SKLCA, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8314,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93877551,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"12","first_page":"4524","last_page":"4536"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7714225053787231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scan-chain","display_name":"Scan chain","score":0.6892173290252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-channel-attack","display_name":"Side channel attack","score":0.6461207866668701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.6033319234848022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testability","display_name":"Testability","score":0.5940799117088318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5698180198669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-hash-function","display_name":"Cryptographic hash function","score":0.5622478723526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obfuscation","display_name":"Obfuscation","score":0.5571044087409973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-for-testing","display_name":"Design for testing","score":0.5546704530715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.551686704158783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-cipher","display_name":"Block cipher","score":0.45404258370399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.44811564683914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-primitive","display_name":"Cryptographic primitive","score":0.42319124937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.40052518248558044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3412102460861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-protocol","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","score":0.2779605984687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23116376996040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.1361244022846222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.1329379677772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0947103202342987}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7714225053787231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150012182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225990","display_name":"Scan chain","level":3,"score":0.6892173290252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49289754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267081","display_name":"Side channel attack","level":3,"score":0.6461207866668701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.6033319234848022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51234621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2149495","display_name":"Testability","level":2,"score":0.5940799117088318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5698180198669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7608002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477202","display_name":"Cryptographic hash function","level":3,"score":0.5622478723526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40305131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2616305","display_name":"Obfuscation","level":2,"score":0.5571044087409973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190874656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5264347","display_name":"Design for testing","level":3,"score":0.5546704530715942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.551686704158783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106544461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543151","display_name":"Block cipher","level":3,"score":0.45404258370399475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.44811564683914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15927051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246593","display_name":"Cryptographic primitive","level":4,"score":0.42319124937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.40052518248558044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3412102460861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33884865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254335","display_name":"Cryptographic protocol","level":3,"score":0.2779605984687805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23116376996040344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.1361244022846222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.1329379677772522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0947103202342987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2020.2979458","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2020.2979458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1972965295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CARCH201701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326878","funder_display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Computer Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2122852399","display_name":"\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5","funder_award_id":"61532017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4456837797","display_name":"\u52a0\u5bc6\u82af\u7247\u6297\u626b\u63cf\u65c1\u8def\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61672182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6072246031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-14-1-0351","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7106102081","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61876173","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326878","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Computer Science","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90816334","https://openalex.org/W92803968","https://openalex.org/W1548096828","https://openalex.org/W1561562902","https://openalex.org/W1595368737","https://openalex.org/W1968197675","https://openalex.org/W1978060422","https://openalex.org/W1979037587","https://openalex.org/W1981911959","https://openalex.org/W1982643606","https://openalex.org/W1992008051","https://openalex.org/W2004878192","https://openalex.org/W2010452589","https://openalex.org/W2010903499","https://openalex.org/W2012053559","https://openalex.org/W2015461148","https://openalex.org/W2023450006","https://openalex.org/W2025669099","https://openalex.org/W2038661035","https://openalex.org/W2053303358","https://openalex.org/W2062658790","https://openalex.org/W2063530357","https://openalex.org/W2073446416","https://openalex.org/W2085362698","https://openalex.org/W2102549006","https://openalex.org/W2124928244","https://openalex.org/W2125846166","https://openalex.org/W2130468378","https://openalex.org/W2135936250","https://openalex.org/W2138366492","https://openalex.org/W2141624968","https://openalex.org/W2141715577","https://openalex.org/W2142537526","https://openalex.org/W2155450755","https://openalex.org/W2156692142","https://openalex.org/W2513553310","https://openalex.org/W2526914141","https://openalex.org/W2537675134","https://openalex.org/W2735315321","https://openalex.org/W2769905020","https://openalex.org/W2774271201","https://openalex.org/W2921578610","https://openalex.org/W4239413599","https://openalex.org/W6632938397","https://openalex.org/W6666443212","https://openalex.org/W6681113282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2157191248","https://openalex.org/W2107525390","https://openalex.org/W2553035740","https://openalex.org/W2765347974","https://openalex.org/W2150046587","https://openalex.org/W2164493372","https://openalex.org/W2153086993","https://openalex.org/W2114980936","https://openalex.org/W2118697956","https://openalex.org/W4249526199"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Design-for-testability":[0],"(DfT)":[1],"techniques":[2],"have":[3],"been":[4],"widely":[5],"adopted":[6],"into":[7,39],"the":[8,32,62,68,87,96,101,119,126,136,144,151,164,170,178,192,199,223,226,231,251],"integrated":[9],"circuit":[10,33],"(IC)":[11],"design":[12,52],"process":[13],"to":[14,60,85,100,109,134,149],"facilitate":[15],"manufacture":[16],"testing.":[17],"The":[18],"scan-based":[19,78,243],"DfT":[20,25],"architecture":[21],"is":[22,166,195,206,211],"a":[23,40,57,115],"popular":[24],"feature":[26],"that":[27,236],"provides":[28],"full":[29,209],"testability":[30,210,252],"for":[31,43,118,140],"under":[34],"test.":[35],"However,":[36],"this":[37,130],"turns":[38],"double-edged":[41],"sword":[42],"some":[44,141],"ICs":[45],"such":[46,77],"as":[47,56,213],"cryptographic":[48,137,174],"chips":[49],"because":[50,191],"scan":[51,91,152],"could":[53],"be":[54,72,107,110],"used":[55],"side":[58],"channel":[59],"access":[61],"intermediate":[63],"encryption":[64],"results,":[65,233],"with":[66,246],"which":[67],"cipher":[69],"key":[70],"can":[71,239],"deduced":[73],"easily.":[74],"To":[75],"resist":[76,240],"side-channel":[79,244],"attacks,":[80],"many":[81],"countermeasures":[82],"are":[83,215],"proposed":[84,227],"obfuscate":[86],"test":[88,121,145,219],"data":[89,122,183],"in":[90,147,201],"chain.":[92],"Unfortunately,":[93],"most":[94],"of":[95,143,173,225],"obfuscation":[97],"logic,":[98],"due":[99],"performance":[102],"and":[103,112,177,182,234,253],"resource":[104],"constraints,":[105],"cannot":[106],"proven":[108],"irreversible":[111],"hence":[113],"suffers":[114],"high":[116],"risk":[117],"correct":[120],"being":[123],"derived":[124],"from":[125],"obfuscated":[127],"output.":[128],"In":[129],"article,":[131],"we":[132,214],"propose":[133],"utilize":[135],"hash":[138,175,193],"module":[139,194],"post-processing":[142],"responses":[146],"order":[148],"secure":[150,228],"design.":[153],"Our":[154],"approach":[155,238],"has":[156],"several":[157],"clear":[158],"advantages":[159],"over":[160],"existing":[161],"ones.":[162],"First,":[163],"security":[165,205],"guaranteed":[167],"based":[168],"on":[169,198],"preimage":[171],"resistance":[172],"function":[176],"introduced":[179],"salt":[180],"information":[181],"collection":[184],"scheme.":[185],"Second,":[186],"it":[187],"incurs":[188],"low":[189],"overhead":[190,248],"normally":[196],"available":[197],"IC,":[200],"particular,":[202],"those":[203],"where":[204],"important.":[207],"Finally,":[208],"retained":[212],"not":[216],"modifying":[217],"any":[218],"input.":[220],"We":[221],"present":[222],"implementation":[224],"design,":[229],"report":[230],"experimental":[232],"demonstrate":[235],"our":[237],"all":[241],"known":[242],"attacks":[245],"negligible":[247],"while":[249],"maintaining":[250],"other":[254],"testing":[255],"performances.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}