{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2996021976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2019.2960337","title":"A First Study of Compressive Sensing for Side-Channel Leakage Sampling","display_name":"A First Study of Compressive Sensing for Side-Channel Leakage Sampling","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2996021976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2019.2960337","mag":"2996021976"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2019.2960337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2019.2960337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/143854/2/2020%20Ou%20-%20A%20First%20Study%20of%20Compressive%20Sensing%20for%20Side-Channel%20Leakage%20Sampling.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019287385","display_name":"Changhai Ou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-6223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changhai Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hardware and Embedded Systems Lab, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hardware and Embedded Systems Lab, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022517034","display_name":"Chengju Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-4977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengju Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hardware and Embedded Systems Lab, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hardware and Embedded Systems Lab, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002694277","display_name":"Siew-Kei Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8346-2635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siew-Kei Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hardware and Embedded Systems Lab, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hardware and Embedded Systems Lab, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019287385"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1446,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60433684,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"10","first_page":"2166","last_page":"2177"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12024","display_name":"Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressed-sensing","display_name":"Compressed sensing","score":0.7203757762908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leakage","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","score":0.7016689777374268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nyquist\u2013shannon-sampling-theorem","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","score":0.6422054767608643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.628422737121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5924160480499268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/side-channel-attack","display_name":"Side channel attack","score":0.5844106078147888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-leakage","display_name":"Information leakage","score":0.48118263483047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45500633120536804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nyquist-rate","display_name":"Nyquist rate","score":0.4466424882411957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.3696032464504242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25345245003700256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21486690640449524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15862515568733215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1332082748413086}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124851039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665459","display_name":"Compressed sensing","level":2,"score":0.7203757762908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.7016689777374268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C288623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679800","display_name":"Nyquist\u2013Shannon sampling theorem","level":2,"score":0.6422054767608643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.628422737121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5924160480499268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49289754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267081","display_name":"Side channel attack","level":3,"score":0.5844106078147888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2775060","display_name":"Information leakage","level":2,"score":0.48118263483047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45500633120536804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65914096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6273772","display_name":"Nyquist rate","level":4,"score":0.4466424882411957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3696032464504242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25345245003700256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21486690640449524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15862515568733215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1332082748413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2019.2960337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2019.2960337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/143854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/143854","pdf_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/143854/2/2020%20Ou%20-%20A%20First%20Study%20of%20Compressive%20Sensing%20for%20Side-Channel%20Leakage%20Sampling.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/143854","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/143854","pdf_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/143854/2/2020%20Ou%20-%20A%20First%20Study%20of%20Compressive%20Sensing%20for%20Side-Channel%20Leakage%20Sampling.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4722470142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CREATE","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8230782707","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TUMCREATE","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpyc314"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323383","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2996021976.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2996021976.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540404582","https://openalex.org/W1562542037","https://openalex.org/W1564234832","https://openalex.org/W1583090871","https://openalex.org/W1594407835","https://openalex.org/W1607006990","https://openalex.org/W1766541702","https://openalex.org/W1824405704","https://openalex.org/W1943109301","https://openalex.org/W1989261702","https://openalex.org/W2017761965","https://openalex.org/W2030449718","https://openalex.org/W2065321782","https://openalex.org/W2078204800","https://openalex.org/W2095978736","https://openalex.org/W2145096794","https://openalex.org/W2151693816","https://openalex.org/W2154909745","https://openalex.org/W2160396672","https://openalex.org/W2160979406","https://openalex.org/W2292672296","https://openalex.org/W2296616510","https://openalex.org/W2397058297","https://openalex.org/W2404401031","https://openalex.org/W2474114598","https://openalex.org/W2497693771","https://openalex.org/W2594163571","https://openalex.org/W2614036830","https://openalex.org/W2791935447","https://openalex.org/W2795210382","https://openalex.org/W2809072942","https://openalex.org/W2901442710","https://openalex.org/W2914572864","https://openalex.org/W4238607753","https://openalex.org/W4250955649","https://openalex.org/W4253111648","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6632446922","https://openalex.org/W6634007701","https://openalex.org/W6638295430","https://openalex.org/W6682554491","https://openalex.org/W6723682363","https://openalex.org/W6734873256","https://openalex.org/W6750270962","https://openalex.org/W6752725622","https://openalex.org/W6759495720"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393783098","https://openalex.org/W2071548530","https://openalex.org/W2497512603","https://openalex.org/W2543797074","https://openalex.org/W2568992563","https://openalex.org/W2354835911","https://openalex.org/W2006987799","https://openalex.org/W2081579692","https://openalex.org/W2468414543","https://openalex.org/W3000185773"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"important":[1],"prerequisite":[2],"for":[3,23,118],"side-channel":[4,12],"attacks":[5],"(SCAs)":[6],"is":[7,87,133,190],"leakage":[8,41,68,158,174],"sampling":[9,42,49,56,69,127,148,168,175,183],"where":[10],"the":[11,18,28,48,55,61,85,90,101,105,126,138,142,146,154,157,180],"measurements":[13],"(i.e.,":[14],"power":[15,109,131],"traces)":[16],"of":[17,31,54,141,156,182,187],"cryptographic":[19,32,143],"device":[20,144],"are":[21],"collected":[22],"further":[24,119],"analysis.":[25],"However,":[26],"as":[27,84],"operating":[29,139],"frequency":[30,140],"devices":[33],"continues":[34],"to":[35,38,64,129],"increase":[36],"due":[37],"advancing":[39],"technology,":[40],"will":[43],"impose":[44],"higher":[45],"requirements":[46],"on":[47,75,153],"rate":[50,128,169],"and":[51,121,145,170,193],"storage":[52],"capacity":[53],"equipment.":[57],"This":[58],"article":[59],"undertakes":[60],"first":[62],"study":[63],"show":[65],"that":[66],"effective":[67],"can":[70,94,111,163],"be":[71,113],"achieved":[72],"without":[73],"relying":[74],"sophisticated":[76],"equipments":[77],"through":[78,194],"compressive":[79],"sensing":[80],"(CS).":[81],"As":[82,160],"long":[83],"information":[86],"leaked":[88],"in":[89,115],"low-frequency":[91],"component,":[92],"CS":[93,162],"obtain":[95,130,172],"low-dimensional":[96],"samples":[97],"by":[98,137],"simply":[99],"projecting":[100],"high-dimensional":[102],"signals":[103],"onto":[104],"observation":[106],"matrix.":[107],"The":[108,185],"traces":[110,132],"then":[112],"reconstructed":[114],"a":[116,165],"workstation":[117],"analysis":[120],"storage.":[122],"With":[123],"this":[124],"approach,":[125],"no":[134],"longer":[135],"limited":[136],"Nyquist":[147],"theorem.":[149],"Instead,":[150],"it":[151],"depends":[152],"sparsity":[155],"signal.":[159],"such,":[161],"employ":[164],"much":[166],"lower":[167],"yet":[171],"equivalent":[173],"performance,":[176],"which":[177],"significantly":[178],"lowers":[179],"requirement":[181],"equipments.":[184],"feasibility":[186],"our":[188],"approach":[189],"verified":[191],"theoretically":[192],"experiments.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-15T09:29:46.208133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}