{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2974867200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2019.2942002","title":"Multitarget Sample Preparation Using MEDA Biochips","display_name":"Multitarget Sample Preparation Using MEDA Biochips","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2974867200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2019.2942002","mag":"2974867200"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2019.2942002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2019.2942002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040267274","display_name":"Tung-Che Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-2611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tung-Che Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-2611","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101670698","display_name":"Y. C. Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9118-4076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun-Sheng Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062800747","display_name":"Tsung-Yi Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-5625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsung-Yi Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-5625","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033880864","display_name":"Krishnendu Chakrabarty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishnendu Chakrabarty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101838014","display_name":"Chen\u2010Yi Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6795-0874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Yi Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6795-0874","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2109,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80084596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"10","first_page":"2682","last_page":"2695"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10412","display_name":"Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11407","display_name":"Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochip","display_name":"Biochip","score":0.9343030452728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microfluidics","display_name":"Microfluidics","score":0.7543032169342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixing","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","score":0.6506733894348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.6278647184371948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5858001708984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5845752954483032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5149860978126526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.5066681504249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-preparation","display_name":"Sample preparation","score":0.49456140398979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluidics","display_name":"Fluidics","score":0.4666421711444855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.3510420620441437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.34203284978866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17143002152442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatography","display_name":"Chromatography","score":0.141004741191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.13124096393585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11722475290298462}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87892846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864256","display_name":"Biochip","level":2,"score":0.9343030452728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8673954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138845","display_name":"Microfluidics","level":2,"score":0.7543032169342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.6506733894348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.6278647184371948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5858001708984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5845752954483032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5149860978126526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.5066681504249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778576202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2540164","display_name":"Sample preparation","level":2,"score":0.49456140398979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185571","display_name":"Fluidics","level":2,"score":0.4666421711444855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3510420620441437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34203284978866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17143002152442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.141004741191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.13124096393585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11722475290298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2019.2942002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2019.2942002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4883809373","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EECS-1914796","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G638980166","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-1702596","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1923960053","https://openalex.org/W1971504896","https://openalex.org/W1978769720","https://openalex.org/W1980181699","https://openalex.org/W1987214109","https://openalex.org/W1993190122","https://openalex.org/W2006484136","https://openalex.org/W2008548447","https://openalex.org/W2016968987","https://openalex.org/W2033690627","https://openalex.org/W2039083654","https://openalex.org/W2042181447","https://openalex.org/W2052532932","https://openalex.org/W2054800365","https://openalex.org/W2079812848","https://openalex.org/W2096298665","https://openalex.org/W2100187217","https://openalex.org/W2104622925","https://openalex.org/W2106491070","https://openalex.org/W2132963724","https://openalex.org/W2133026100","https://openalex.org/W2150068960","https://openalex.org/W2167560061","https://openalex.org/W2168567259","https://openalex.org/W2168987465","https://openalex.org/W2201606084","https://openalex.org/W2488722193","https://openalex.org/W2510328378","https://openalex.org/W2599588613","https://openalex.org/W2738065864","https://openalex.org/W2738687125","https://openalex.org/W2757330072","https://openalex.org/W2772739831","https://openalex.org/W2799453471","https://openalex.org/W2800449930","https://openalex.org/W2908675255","https://openalex.org/W2908737928","https://openalex.org/W4231620914","https://openalex.org/W4237610050","https://openalex.org/W4239460767","https://openalex.org/W4240583845","https://openalex.org/W4243329802","https://openalex.org/W4251103229","https://openalex.org/W6679756078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1834829329","https://openalex.org/W2332939083","https://openalex.org/W2738065864","https://openalex.org/W2757330072","https://openalex.org/W2280492882","https://openalex.org/W2022431046","https://openalex.org/W1967928266","https://openalex.org/W4385923988","https://openalex.org/W2055686434","https://openalex.org/W130619353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sample":[0],"preparation,":[1,58],"as":[2,29],"a":[3,30,114,151,159],"key":[4],"procedure":[5],"in":[6,118,150,212],"many":[7,65],"biochemical":[8,66],"protocols,":[9],"mixes":[10],"various":[11],"samples,":[12],"and/or":[13],"reagents":[14],"into":[15],"solutions":[16],"that":[17,40,68,77,165,180,205],"contain":[18],"the":[19,50,74,92,99,107,123,132,141,167,182,193,206,219,225],"target":[20,187],"concentrations.":[21],"Digital":[22],"microfluidic":[23],"biochips":[24],"(DMFBs)":[25],"have":[26],"been":[27,137],"adopted":[28],"platform":[31],"for":[32,64,81],"sample":[33,57,83,162],"preparation":[34,84,163],"because":[35],"they":[36,60],"provide":[37],"automatic":[38],"procedures":[39],"require":[41],"less":[42],"reactant":[43,216],"consumption":[44],"and":[45,59,122,191,223],"reduce":[46],"human-induced":[47],"errors.":[48],"However,":[49],"most":[51],"existing":[52,75,210],"methods":[53,76,211],"only":[54,91,103],"consider":[55],"two-reactant":[56],"cannot":[61],"be":[62,79,111,198],"used":[63,80],"applications":[67],"involve":[69],"multiple":[70,145,186],"reactants.":[71,127],"In":[72,98,154],"addition,":[73],"can":[78,110,197],"multiple-reactant":[82,161],"were":[85],"proposed":[86,207],"on":[87,171],"traditional":[88],"DMFBs":[89],"where":[90],"(1:1)":[93,100],"mixing":[94,101,144],"model":[95],"is":[96],"available.":[97],"model,":[102],"two":[104],"droplets":[105,146],"of":[106,125,143,147,195,214,221,227],"same":[108],"volume":[109],"mixed":[112],"at":[113],"time,":[115],"which":[116],"results":[117],"higher":[119],"completion":[120],"time":[121],"wastage":[124],"valuable":[126],"To":[128],"overcome":[129],"this":[130,155],"limitation,":[131],"micro-electrode-dot-array":[133],"(MEDA)":[134],"architecture":[135],"has":[136],"introduced;":[138],"it":[139],"provides":[140],"flexibility":[142],"different":[148],"volumes":[149],"single":[152],"operation.":[153],"article,":[156],"we":[157],"present":[158],"generic":[160],"algorithm":[164,179],"exploits":[166],"novel":[168],"fluidic":[169],"operations":[170],"MEDA":[172],"biochips.":[173],"We":[174],"also":[175],"propose":[176],"an":[177],"enhanced":[178],"increases":[181],"operation-sharing":[183],"opportunities":[184],"when":[185],"concentrations":[188],"are":[189],"needed,":[190],"therefore":[192],"usage":[194],"reactants":[196],"further":[199],"reduced.":[200],"The":[201],"simulated":[202],"experiments":[203],"show":[204],"method":[208],"outperforms":[209],"terms":[213],"saving":[215],"cost,":[217],"minimizing":[218],"number":[220],"operations,":[222],"reducing":[224],"amount":[226],"waste.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}