{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2786476345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2018.2846658","title":"An Efficient Methodology for Mapping Quantum Circuits to the IBM QX Architectures","display_name":"An Efficient Methodology for Mapping Quantum Circuits to the IBM QX Architectures","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2786476345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2018.2846658","mag":"2786476345"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2018.2846658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2018.2846658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1712.04722","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028318216","display_name":"Alwin Zulehner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2258-4118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alwin Zulehner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria","Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2258-4118","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058191075","display_name":"Alexandru Paler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-8858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandru Paler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Linz Institute of Technology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria","Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linz Institute of Technology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004214923","display_name":"Robert Wille","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4993-7860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Wille","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria","Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Linz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4993-7860","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9509,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92542495,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"7","first_page":"1226","last_page":"1236"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.9506986141204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7266349792480469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.6761729717254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6109461188316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.6082054972648621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qubit","display_name":"Qubit","score":0.5536636710166931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.531884491443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-circuit","display_name":"Quantum circuit","score":0.4370964467525482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.37576085329055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.33457690477371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-network","display_name":"Quantum network","score":0.18702289462089539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.180853009223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15097951889038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12876373529434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.07993379235267639}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.9506986141204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7266349792480469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.6761729717254639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6109461188316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.6082054972648621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.5536636710166931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.531884491443634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.4370964467525482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.37576085329055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.33457690477371216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.18702289462089539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.180853009223938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15097951889038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12876373529434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.07993379235267639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2018.2846658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2018.2846658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1712.04722","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1712.04722","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1712.04722","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2786476345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1712.04722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1712.04722","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1712.04722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1712.04722","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1712.04722","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1712.04722","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2786476345.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2786476345.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W202981484","https://openalex.org/W315375968","https://openalex.org/W654533096","https://openalex.org/W1551926972","https://openalex.org/W1568345435","https://openalex.org/W1629802966","https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1969483458","https://openalex.org/W1975548669","https://openalex.org/W1975824633","https://openalex.org/W1980152358","https://openalex.org/W2019827905","https://openalex.org/W2023675295","https://openalex.org/W2037129099","https://openalex.org/W2050334794","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2102008187","https://openalex.org/W2114969008","https://openalex.org/W2130753923","https://openalex.org/W2150528339","https://openalex.org/W2155163387","https://openalex.org/W2160347025","https://openalex.org/W2295914076","https://openalex.org/W2482126025","https://openalex.org/W2482466809","https://openalex.org/W2550492386","https://openalex.org/W2616974032","https://openalex.org/W2619125836","https://openalex.org/W2619222128","https://openalex.org/W2734474749","https://openalex.org/W2736316868","https://openalex.org/W2758259983","https://openalex.org/W2798272069","https://openalex.org/W2963431505","https://openalex.org/W3023478445","https://openalex.org/W3111297213","https://openalex.org/W6608329136","https://openalex.org/W6610953456","https://openalex.org/W6621799179","https://openalex.org/W6634007516","https://openalex.org/W6636590439","https://openalex.org/W6740870050","https://openalex.org/W6741396581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771244980","https://openalex.org/W2964148776","https://openalex.org/W2781738013","https://openalex.org/W2886331775","https://openalex.org/W2804134369","https://openalex.org/W2734474749","https://openalex.org/W2616974032","https://openalex.org/W2586874551","https://openalex.org/W3105080542","https://openalex.org/W2913992572","https://openalex.org/W2084652510","https://openalex.org/W2046826122","https://openalex.org/W2023675295","https://openalex.org/W2755255888","https://openalex.org/W2160347025","https://openalex.org/W3122244737","https://openalex.org/W3211308477","https://openalex.org/W3163836895","https://openalex.org/W2023293045","https://openalex.org/W2996674934"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,96,139,216],"the":[1,36,101,120,152,165,169,173,207,222,229,256,274],"past":[2],"years,":[3],"quantum":[4,42,53,66,82,103,111,154,180,220],"computers":[5,43,83],"more":[6,8],"and":[7,71,80,87,133,196,241],"have":[9],"evolved":[10],"from":[11,238],"an":[12,16,253],"academic":[13],"idea":[14],"to":[15,38,41,51,98,114,131,156,228],"upcoming":[17],"reality.":[18],"IBM's":[19,201,212,235],"project":[20],"IBM":[21,69,72,85,88,230],"Q":[22],"can":[23,188],"be":[24,115,190],"seen":[25],"as":[26],"evidence":[27],"of":[28,77,109,177,246,273],"this":[29,48,136,140,148],"progress.":[30],"Launched":[31],"in":[32,107,175,249],"March":[33],"2017":[34],"with":[35,262],"goal":[37],"provide":[39],"access":[40],"for":[44,192,218],"a":[45,56,64,110,144,157,226,244],"broad":[46],"audience,":[47],"allowed":[49],"users":[50],"conduct":[52,135],"experiments":[54],"on":[55,63],"5-qubit":[57],"and,":[58,167],"since":[59,93],"June":[60],"2017,":[61],"also":[62],"16-qubit":[65,81],"computer":[67],"(called":[68],"QX2":[70],"QX3,":[73],"respectively).":[74],"Revised":[75],"versions":[76],"these":[78],"5-":[79],"(named":[84],"QX4":[86],"QX5,":[89],"respectively)":[90],"are":[91,124,269,277],"available":[92,279],"September":[94],"2017.":[95],"order":[97],"use":[99],"these,":[100],"desired":[102],"functionality":[104,155],"(e.g.,":[105],"provided":[106],"terms":[108,176],"circuit)":[112],"has":[113],"properly":[116],"mapped":[117,260],"so":[118],"that":[119,206],"underlying":[121],"physical":[122],"constraints":[123,162],"satisfied-a":[125],"complex":[126],"task.":[127],"This":[128],"demands":[129],"solutions":[130],"automatically":[132],"efficiently":[134],"mapping":[137,214,227],"process.":[138],"paper,":[141],"we":[142],"propose":[143],"methodology":[145,185,276],"which":[146,159],"addresses":[147],"problem,":[149],"i.e.,":[150],"maps":[151],"given":[153,163],"realization":[158],"satisfies":[160],"all":[161],"by":[164],"architecture":[166,231],"at":[168,280],"same":[170],"time,":[171],"keeps":[172],"overhead":[174],"additionally":[178],"required":[179],"gates":[181,268],"minimal.":[182],"The":[183],"proposed":[184,208,223,257,275],"is":[186,197],"generic,":[187],"easily":[189],"configured":[191],"similar":[193],"future":[194],"architectures,":[195],"fully":[198],"integrated":[199],"into":[200,243],"SDK.":[202],"Experimental":[203],"evaluations":[204],"show":[205],"approach":[209,224,258],"clearly":[210],"outperforms":[211],"own":[213],"solution.":[215],"fact,":[217],"many":[219],"circuits,":[221],"determines":[225],"within":[232],"minutes,":[233],"while":[234],"solution":[236],"suffers":[237],"long":[239],"runtimes":[240],"runs":[242],"timeout":[245],"1":[247],"h":[248],"several":[250],"cases.":[251],"As":[252],"additional":[254,267],"benefit,":[255],"yields":[259],"circuits":[261],"smaller":[263],"costs":[264],"(i.e.,":[265],"fewer":[266],"required).":[270],"All":[271],"implementations":[272],"publicly":[278],"http://iic.jku.at/eda/research/ibm_qx_mapping.":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2022-10-05T00:00:00"}
