{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2750628319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2017.2748003","title":"Physical Co-Design of Flow and Control Layers for Flow-Based Microfluidic Biochips","display_name":"Physical Co-Design of Flow and Control Layers for Flow-Based Microfluidic Biochips","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2750628319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2017.2748003","mag":"2750628319"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2017.2748003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2017.2748003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101498763","display_name":"Qin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2775-5502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012090270","display_name":"Hao Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9494-2212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058812423","display_name":"Hailong Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-3086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailong Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062800747","display_name":"Tsung-Yi Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7348-5625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsung-Yi Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004214923","display_name":"Robert Wille","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4993-7860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Wille","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Linz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Integrated Circuits, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Linz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111983610","display_name":"Yici Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yici Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Tech, Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101498763"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4368,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89841292,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"6","first_page":"1157","last_page":"1170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10412","display_name":"Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11255","display_name":"Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochip","display_name":"Biochip","score":0.6916053295135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-flow","display_name":"Design flow","score":0.6753408908843994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.6381502151489258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.6136338710784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-design","display_name":"Physical design","score":0.5986887216567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow-control","display_name":"Flow control (data)","score":0.5603628158569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.536263108253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5249819159507751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.48868444561958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.48521021008491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-design-automation","display_name":"Electronic design automation","score":0.4383928179740906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3367697298526764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.32498353719711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3105892241001129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.12450504302978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.10993286967277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-design","display_name":"Circuit design","score":0.10273575782775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08845770359039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08291953802108765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87892846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864256","display_name":"Biochip","level":2,"score":0.6916053295135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37135326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931942","display_name":"Design flow","level":2,"score":0.6753408908843994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.6381502151489258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.6136338710784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188817802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13426855","display_name":"Physical design","level":3,"score":0.5986887216567993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186766456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612457","display_name":"Flow control (data)","level":2,"score":0.5603628158569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.536263108253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5249819159507751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.48868444561958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.48521021008491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64260653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194864","display_name":"Electronic design automation","level":2,"score":0.4383928179740906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3367697298526764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.32498353719711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3105892241001129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.12450504302978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.10993286967277527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.10273575782775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08845770359039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08291953802108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2017.2748003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2017.2748003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G265770845","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61774091","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G414812661","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20141081203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","funder_display_name":"Tsinghua University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8976140628","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 105-2221-E-007-118-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G952536926","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"104-2220-E-007-021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483595802","https://openalex.org/W1899927368","https://openalex.org/W1910126694","https://openalex.org/W1921711639","https://openalex.org/W1933886027","https://openalex.org/W1996296142","https://openalex.org/W1998450740","https://openalex.org/W2020438216","https://openalex.org/W2028712328","https://openalex.org/W2064053341","https://openalex.org/W2070378283","https://openalex.org/W2072910502","https://openalex.org/W2083068121","https://openalex.org/W2083516953","https://openalex.org/W2086187432","https://openalex.org/W2088342788","https://openalex.org/W2088405514","https://openalex.org/W2100588415","https://openalex.org/W2108229403","https://openalex.org/W2116208923","https://openalex.org/W2116725029","https://openalex.org/W2119985798","https://openalex.org/W2128427912","https://openalex.org/W2128897938","https://openalex.org/W2132396932","https://openalex.org/W2135685510","https://openalex.org/W2150515030","https://openalex.org/W2154347237","https://openalex.org/W2154462472","https://openalex.org/W2155143747","https://openalex.org/W2168482356","https://openalex.org/W2170862340","https://openalex.org/W2171414627","https://openalex.org/W2275304190","https://openalex.org/W2293017319","https://openalex.org/W2333296258","https://openalex.org/W2344160642","https://openalex.org/W2378259131","https://openalex.org/W2399948660","https://openalex.org/W2536068666","https://openalex.org/W2537391217","https://openalex.org/W2546748610","https://openalex.org/W2588907938","https://openalex.org/W2588979191","https://openalex.org/W2613742119","https://openalex.org/W2615909376","https://openalex.org/W3011891279","https://openalex.org/W4238524833","https://openalex.org/W4254923355","https://openalex.org/W6640375315","https://openalex.org/W6684605080","https://openalex.org/W6685333642","https://openalex.org/W6697385005","https://openalex.org/W6733978470","https://openalex.org/W6737563976"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2743305891","https://openalex.org/W2051886008","https://openalex.org/W2535520145","https://openalex.org/W1716153929","https://openalex.org/W4247760676","https://openalex.org/W3199828306","https://openalex.org/W3205162826","https://openalex.org/W3112090072","https://openalex.org/W1999810416","https://openalex.org/W4285188925"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Flow-based":[0],"microfluidic":[1],"biochips":[2],"are":[3,104,154],"attracting":[4],"increasing":[5],"attention":[6],"with":[7,122],"successful":[8],"applications":[9],"in":[10,18,36,136,140,146,157],"biochemical":[11],"experiments,":[12],"point-of-care":[13],"diagnosis,":[14],"etc.":[15],"Existing":[16],"works":[17],"design":[19,24,27,57,62,84,128,160],"automation":[20],"consider":[21],"the":[22,53,60,82,86,96,109,113,123,126,152,158],"flow-layer":[23,54,61],"and":[25,33,39,55,144],"control-layer":[26,56,83,115,159],"separately,":[28],"lacking":[29],"a":[30,44,64],"global":[31],"optimization":[32],"hence":[34],"resulting":[35],"degraded":[37],"routability":[38],"reliability.":[40],"This":[41],"paper":[42],"presents":[43],"novel":[45],"integrated":[46],"physical":[47],"co-design":[48],"methodology,":[49],"which":[50,70],"seamlessly":[51],"integrates":[52],"stages.":[58],"In":[59,81],"stage,":[63,85],"sequence-pair-based":[65],"placement":[66,75,101],"method":[67],"is":[68,91],"presented,":[69],"allows":[71],"for":[72],"an":[73,131],"iterative":[74],"refinement":[76],"based":[77],"on":[78],"routing":[79],"feedbacks.":[80],"minimum":[87],"cost":[88],"flow":[89,129],"formulation":[90],"adopted":[92],"to":[93,106],"further":[94],"improve":[95],"routability.":[97],"Besides":[98],"that,":[99],"effective":[100],"adjustment":[102],"strategies":[103],"proposed":[105,127],"iteratively":[107],"enhance":[108],"solution":[110],"quality":[111],"of":[112,134],"overall":[114],"design.":[116],"Experimental":[117],"results":[118],"show":[119],"that":[120],"compared":[121],"existing":[124],"work,":[125],"obtains":[130],"average":[132],"reduction":[133],"40.44%":[135],"flow-channel":[137,148],"crossings,":[138],"31.95%":[139],"total":[141,147],"chip":[142],"area,":[143],"22.02%":[145],"length.":[149],"Moreover,":[150],"all":[151],"valves":[153],"successfully":[155],"routed":[156],"stage.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}