{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2608049378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2017.2697963","title":"Modeling and Analysis of Magnetic Field Induced Coupling on Embedded STT-MRAM Arrays","display_name":"Modeling and Analysis of Magnetic Field Induced Coupling on Embedded STT-MRAM Arrays","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2608049378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2017.2697963","mag":"2608049378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2017.2697963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2017.2697963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009310657","display_name":"Insik Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-4404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Insik Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4545-4404","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091408102","display_name":"Arijit Raychowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8391-0576"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arijit Raychowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0385,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76677342,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"2","first_page":"337","last_page":"349"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10591","display_name":"Theoretical and Computational Physics","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoresistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","score":0.9461222290992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.7454007267951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-transfer-torque","display_name":"Spin-transfer torque","score":0.6355889439582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunnel-magnetoresistance","display_name":"Tunnel magnetoresistance","score":0.6327166557312012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5516390800476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-storage","display_name":"Magnetic storage","score":0.529008686542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.5089840888977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-coupling","display_name":"Inductive coupling","score":0.47475484013557434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.4398699998855591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4230978786945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condensed-matter-physics","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","score":0.4222724437713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferromagnetism","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","score":0.41045257449150085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32390809059143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3181302845478058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access-memory","display_name":"Random access memory","score":0.3006473183631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization","display_name":"Magnetization","score":0.27484071254730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20783045887947083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20766407251358032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.11076313257217407}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46891859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061546","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.9461222290992737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.7454007267951965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C609986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844840","display_name":"Spin-transfer torque","level":4,"score":0.6355889439582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56202322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1884383","display_name":"Tunnel magnetoresistance","level":3,"score":0.6327166557312012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5516390800476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778511666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364527","display_name":"Magnetic storage","level":2,"score":0.529008686542511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.5089840888977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177872590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498289","display_name":"Inductive coupling","level":2,"score":0.47475484013557434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4398699998855591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4230978786945343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.4222724437713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82217956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184207","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","level":2,"score":0.41045257449150085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32390809059143066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3181302845478058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994168587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295","display_name":"Random access memory","level":2,"score":0.3006473183631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.27484071254730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20783045887947083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20766407251358032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.11076313257217407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tcad.2017.2697963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2017.2697963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G832548800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2493.001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","funder_display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498779208","https://openalex.org/W1975904824","https://openalex.org/W1978047040","https://openalex.org/W1987093356","https://openalex.org/W1988431200","https://openalex.org/W1995771228","https://openalex.org/W2003243790","https://openalex.org/W2019071604","https://openalex.org/W2019833471","https://openalex.org/W2025173691","https://openalex.org/W2034593071","https://openalex.org/W2057386187","https://openalex.org/W2061761071","https://openalex.org/W2065778655","https://openalex.org/W2084202439","https://openalex.org/W2096445739","https://openalex.org/W2112388836","https://openalex.org/W2118870365","https://openalex.org/W2122287325","https://openalex.org/W2128201718","https://openalex.org/W2142715748","https://openalex.org/W2142903973","https://openalex.org/W2152879784","https://openalex.org/W2157144457","https://openalex.org/W2176123422","https://openalex.org/W2188761345","https://openalex.org/W2543205889","https://openalex.org/W2568019164","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4387359349","https://openalex.org/W6666891670","https://openalex.org/W6687026183"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034593071","https://openalex.org/W1977755618","https://openalex.org/W3136027979","https://openalex.org/W1970094457","https://openalex.org/W4226197542","https://openalex.org/W4231059390","https://openalex.org/W2543376619","https://openalex.org/W2490184523","https://openalex.org/W2942267901","https://openalex.org/W4235980920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spin":[0],"transfer":[1],"torque":[2],"magnetic":[3,44,89,105,137,156,179],"random":[4],"access":[5],"memory":[6,11],"(STT-MRAM)":[7],"is":[8,49,107,125],"an":[9],"emerging":[10],"technology":[12],"which":[13,48],"exhibits":[14],"nonvolatility,":[15],"high":[16,18,76],"density,":[17],"endurance,":[19],"and":[20,23,34,56,59,73,93,120,151,162,181],"nano-second":[21],"read":[22],"write":[24],"times.":[25],"These":[26],"characteristics":[27,174,187],"make":[28],"STT-MRAM":[29,39,66],"suitable":[30],"for":[31,144],"last-level":[32],"cache":[33],"other":[35],"embedded":[36],"applications.":[37],"The":[38],"bit-cell":[40],"consists":[41],"of":[42,51,75,96,135,148,155,178,188],"a":[43,133],"tunnel":[45],"junction":[46],"(MTJ)":[47],"composed":[50],"two":[52],"ferromagnetic":[53],"layers":[54],"(free":[55],"fixed":[57,94],"layers)":[58],"one":[60,97],"insulating":[61],"layer":[62,95],"in":[63,140,172],"between.":[64],"As":[65],"arrays":[67,143],"become":[68,110],"denser":[69],"to":[70,100,109],"meet":[71],"cost":[72],"requirements":[74],"performance":[77],"computing,":[78],"the":[79,88,136,153,176,185,189],"distance":[80],"between":[81],"adjacent":[82],"MTJ":[83,98,113,124,142,149,173],"bits":[84],"reduces.":[85],"This":[86],"aggravates":[87],"coupling":[90,106,139,159,180],"from":[91],"free":[92],"bit":[99],"its":[101,116],"neighbors.":[102],"Even":[103],"though":[104],"expected":[108],"stronger":[111],"as":[112],"scales":[114],"down,":[115],"impacts":[117],"on":[118,123,160,184],"static":[119,161],"dynamic":[121,163],"properties":[122],"relatively":[126],"unexplored.":[127],"In":[128],"this":[129],"paper,":[130],"we":[131,166],"present":[132],"model":[134],"field":[138,157],"high-density":[141],"three":[145],"different":[146],"types":[147],"stacks":[150],"evaluate":[152],"effect":[154,183],"induced":[158,170],"properties.":[164],"Lastly,":[165],"show":[167],"how":[168],"process":[169],"variations":[171],"affect":[175],"magnitude":[177],"their":[182],"electrical":[186],"STT-RAM":[190],"arrays.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
