{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411019743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2025.3576941","title":"High-Performance In-Memory Bayesian Inference With Multi-Bit Ferroelectric FET","display_name":"High-Performance In-Memory Bayesian Inference With Multi-Bit Ferroelectric FET","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411019743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2025.3576941"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2025.3576941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2025.3576941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100323280","display_name":"Chao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3289-3248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3289-3248","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xuchu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3327-1044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuchu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3327-1044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhicheng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2462-0162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhicheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2462-0162","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004710802","display_name":"Bo Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6106-9509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6106-9509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010635350","display_name":"Ruibin Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-0486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruibin Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6085-0486","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Min Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7319-9570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7319-9570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079324627","display_name":"Thomas K\u00e4mpfe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-8676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94509681","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsgg66","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas K\u00e4mpfe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center Nanoelectric Technologies, Fraunhofer IPMS, Dresden, Germany","Center Nanoelectric Technologies, Fraunhofer IPMS, Dresden, Germany, and with Institute for CMOS Design, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-8676","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center Nanoelectric Technologies, Fraunhofer IPMS, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center Nanoelectric Technologies, Fraunhofer IPMS, Dresden, Germany, and with Institute for CMOS Design, TU Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I94509681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075633314","display_name":"Kai Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-3431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA","Electrical Engineering Department, University of Notre Dame, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-3431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, University of Notre Dame, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Can Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-2008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Can Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3795-2008","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071383109","display_name":"Xunzhao Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4656-9545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xunzhao Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, and the Key Laboratory of Collaborative Sensing and Autonomous Unmanned Systems of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4656-9545","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, and the Key Laboratory of Collaborative Sensing and Autonomous Unmanned Systems of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054211420","display_name":"Cheng Zhuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2610-7522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Zhuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Integrated Circuits, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","College of Integrated Circuits, Zhejiang University, and the Key Laboratory of Collaborative Sensing and Autonomous Unmanned Systems of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2610-7522","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Integrated Circuits, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Integrated Circuits, Zhejiang University, and the Key Laboratory of Collaborative Sensing and Autonomous Unmanned Systems of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100323280"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692","https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.459,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59332138,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"9","first_page":"2923","last_page":"2935"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6182076930999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5155922770500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit","display_name":"Bit (key)","score":0.4995999336242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-volatile-memory","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","score":0.4931642413139343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-inference","display_name":"Bayesian inference","score":0.42163369059562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.38178372383117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.3475472927093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3407788574695587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27674397826194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2274036407470703}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6182076930999756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5155922770500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117011727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1278488","display_name":"Bit (key)","level":2,"score":0.4995999336242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177950962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10997658","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","level":2,"score":0.4931642413139343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160234255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812535","display_name":"Bayesian inference","level":3,"score":0.42163369059562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.38178372383117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.3475472927093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3407788574695587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27674397826194763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2274036407470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2025.3576941","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2025.3576941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/512655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/512655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494192115","https://openalex.org/W1817561967","https://openalex.org/W2100880596","https://openalex.org/W2122757690","https://openalex.org/W2154053567","https://openalex.org/W2169288958","https://openalex.org/W2493977830","https://openalex.org/W2626032359","https://openalex.org/W2786159202","https://openalex.org/W2791315675","https://openalex.org/W2805362231","https://openalex.org/W2893163116","https://openalex.org/W2899077824","https://openalex.org/W2944676382","https://openalex.org/W2988640543","https://openalex.org/W2997591727","https://openalex.org/W3007689421","https://openalex.org/W3014426053","https://openalex.org/W3015982917","https://openalex.org/W3019803136","https://openalex.org/W3035963492","https://openalex.org/W3048404194","https://openalex.org/W3101981467","https://openalex.org/W3138860252","https://openalex.org/W3189411510","https://openalex.org/W4225916833","https://openalex.org/W4250143236","https://openalex.org/W4302066626","https://openalex.org/W4309423061","https://openalex.org/W4362700144","https://openalex.org/W4382677740","https://openalex.org/W4387492098","https://openalex.org/W4388692496","https://openalex.org/W4392897316","https://openalex.org/W4393981293","https://openalex.org/W4399376491","https://openalex.org/W4401567954","https://openalex.org/W4404102453","https://openalex.org/W4404132957","https://openalex.org/W6607259140","https://openalex.org/W6611762666","https://openalex.org/W6648344142","https://openalex.org/W6677340584","https://openalex.org/W6840010877"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2611005572","https://openalex.org/W2407375987","https://openalex.org/W3049691116","https://openalex.org/W2505726097","https://openalex.org/W2950975704","https://openalex.org/W2010643158","https://openalex.org/W2106867672","https://openalex.org/W4310268968","https://openalex.org/W4297815943","https://openalex.org/W2053745677"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"neural":[1,42,70],"network-based":[2],"machine":[3],"learning":[4],"algorithms":[5],"often":[6],"encounter":[7],"difficulties":[8],"in":[9,54,62,69,171,241],"data-limited":[10],"scenarios":[11],"or":[12],"where":[13],"interpretability":[14],"is":[15],"critical.":[16],"Conversely,":[17],"Bayesian":[18,55,63,80,99,125,131,149,174,190,216],"inference-based":[19,217],"models":[20],"excel":[21],"with":[22,83],"reliable":[23],"uncertainty":[24],"estimates":[25],"and":[26,39,86,137,164,211,244],"explainable":[27],"predictions.":[28],"Recently,":[29],"many":[30],"in-memory":[31,79,148],"computing":[32,37,166],"(IMC)":[33],"architectures":[34],"achieve":[35],"exceptional":[36],"capacity":[38],"efficiency":[40,85,167,246],"for":[41],"network":[43],"tasks":[44],"leveraging":[45],"emerging":[46],"nonvolatile":[47],"memory":[48],"(NVM)":[49],"technologies.":[50],"However,":[51],"their":[52],"application":[53],"inference":[56,64,81,150,191],"remains":[57],"limited":[58],"because":[59],"the":[60,115,120,124,145,184,188,226,230,238],"operations":[61],"differ":[65],"substantially":[66],"from":[67],"those":[68],"networks.":[71],"In":[72],"this":[73],"article,":[74],"we":[75,193],"introduce":[76],"a":[77,89,98,102,155,165,172,178,195,202],"compact":[78,103],"engine":[82],"high":[84],"performance":[87,232],"utilizing":[88],"multi-bit":[90],"ferroelectric":[91],"field-effect":[92],"transistor":[93],"(FeFET).":[94],"This":[95],"design":[96,128,153,224],"encodes":[97],"model":[100],"within":[101],"FeFETbased":[104],"crossbar":[105],"by":[106,247],"mapping":[107],"quantized":[108],"probabilities":[109],"to":[110,183,213],"discrete":[111],"FeFET":[112],"states.":[113],"Consequently,":[114],"crossbar\u2019s":[116],"outputs":[117],"naturally":[118],"represent":[119],"output":[121],"posteriors":[122],"of":[123,159,168],"model.":[126],"Our":[127],"facilitates":[129],"efficient":[130],"inference,":[132],"accommodating":[133],"various":[134,215],"input":[135],"types":[136],"probability":[138],"precisions,":[139],"without":[140],"additional":[141],"calculation":[142],"circuitry.":[143],"As":[144],"first":[146],"FeFET-based":[147],"engine,":[151,192],"our":[152,208,223],"demonstrates":[154],"notable":[156],"storage":[157],"density":[158],"26.32":[160],"Mb/mm<sup":[161],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[162],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[163],"581.40":[169],"TOPS/W":[170],"representative":[173,203],"classification":[175],"task,":[176],"indicating":[177],"10.7\u00d7/43.4\u00d7":[179],"compactness/efficiency":[180],"improvement":[181],"compared":[182],"state-of-the-art":[185],"alternative.":[186],"Utilizing":[187],"proposed":[189],"develop":[194],"feature":[196],"selection":[197],"system":[198],"that":[199,222],"efficiently":[200],"addresses":[201],"NP-hard":[204],"optimization":[205],"problem,":[206],"showcasing":[207],"design\u2019s":[209],"capability":[210],"potential":[212],"enhance":[214],"applications.":[218],"Test":[219],"results":[220],"suggest":[221],"identifies":[225],"essential":[227],"features,":[228],"enhancing":[229],"model\u2019s":[231],"while":[233],"reducing":[234],"its":[235],"complexity,":[236],"surpassing":[237],"latest":[239],"implementation":[240],"operation":[242],"speed":[243],"algorithm":[245],"2.9\u00d7/2.0\u00d7,":[248],"respectively.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}