{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4367663125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2023.3272288","title":"Efficient and Robust KPI Outlier Detection for Large-Scale Datacenters","display_name":"Efficient and Robust KPI Outlier Detection for Large-Scale Datacenters","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4367663125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2023.3272288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2023.3272288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2023.3272288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027731066","display_name":"Yongqian Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-7899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqian Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-7899","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090508904","display_name":"Daguo Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7731-9050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daguo Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Network Sciences and Cyberspace, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Network Sciences and Cyberspace, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105932391","display_name":"Tiankai Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4965-4433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiankai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4965-4433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042776378","display_name":"Yuhe Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9115-9863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhe Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072210083","display_name":"Shenglin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0330-0028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shenglin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Haihe Laboratory of Information Technology Application Innovation (HL-IT), Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0330-0028","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Haihe Laboratory of Information Technology Application Innovation (HL-IT), Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101638432","display_name":"Man Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5534-8862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Man Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105579274","display_name":"Xiao Xiong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086100334","display_name":"Qiliang Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3049-2574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiliang Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3049-2574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082315865","display_name":"Minghan Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8481-2599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghan Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046419834","display_name":"Dan Pei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-838X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Pei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-838X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091817788","display_name":"Tianchi Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5317-0482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726859","display_name":"Kuaishou (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0258as409","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianchi Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100401934","display_name":"Yu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5468-1380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726859","display_name":"Kuaishou (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0258as409","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5238,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71040781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"10","first_page":"2858","last_page":"2871"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.734261155128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7286546230316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.6976330280303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.6098092198371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-indicator","display_name":"Performance indicator","score":0.6002762317657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5136837363243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5019321441650391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.46464085578918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4594995975494385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3832945227622986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3474584221839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.1522940695285797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.734261155128479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7286546230316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.6976330280303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.6098092198371887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135510737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance indicator","level":2,"score":0.6002762317657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5136837363243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5019321441650391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.46464085578918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4594995975494385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3832945227622986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3474584221839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.1522940695285797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2023.3272288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2023.3272288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2934107797","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072264","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5091378764","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21JCQNJC00180","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8260126168","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272249","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323993","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990249073","https://openalex.org/W2026453187","https://openalex.org/W2093606067","https://openalex.org/W2108501770","https://openalex.org/W2188365844","https://openalex.org/W2278984902","https://openalex.org/W2406760356","https://openalex.org/W2617259906","https://openalex.org/W2743138268","https://openalex.org/W2758219826","https://openalex.org/W2785362611","https://openalex.org/W2786088545","https://openalex.org/W2799087180","https://openalex.org/W2884490924","https://openalex.org/W2901393925","https://openalex.org/W2905219662","https://openalex.org/W2918465401","https://openalex.org/W2944981198","https://openalex.org/W2946491813","https://openalex.org/W2948187549","https://openalex.org/W2948517885","https://openalex.org/W2949848919","https://openalex.org/W2950361482","https://openalex.org/W2951338048","https://openalex.org/W2965981069","https://openalex.org/W2982743791","https://openalex.org/W2999384456","https://openalex.org/W3005893373","https://openalex.org/W3014974411","https://openalex.org/W3093074257","https://openalex.org/W3094119435","https://openalex.org/W3098957257","https://openalex.org/W3105931142","https://openalex.org/W3134957034","https://openalex.org/W3152601077","https://openalex.org/W3155567600","https://openalex.org/W3156887656","https://openalex.org/W3180222915","https://openalex.org/W6675944832","https://openalex.org/W6687045409","https://openalex.org/W6713552185","https://openalex.org/W6748102297","https://openalex.org/W6763264048","https://openalex.org/W6772604639","https://openalex.org/W6784364769","https://openalex.org/W6798213735"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3186512740","https://openalex.org/W2499612753","https://openalex.org/W3017266184","https://openalex.org/W3202913553","https://openalex.org/W3194885736","https://openalex.org/W4363671829","https://openalex.org/W3111802945","https://openalex.org/W2946096271","https://openalex.org/W2295423552","https://openalex.org/W3107369729"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"ensure":[1],"the":[2,42,48,80,108,127,141],"performance":[3],"of":[4,14,16,44,131,136],"large-scale":[5],"datacenters,":[6],"operators":[7],"need":[8],"to":[9,12,32,97],"monitor":[10],"up":[11],"tens":[13],"millions":[15],"various-type":[17],"KPIs,":[18],"e.g.,":[19],"CPU":[20],"utilization,":[21],"memory":[22],"utilization.":[23],"For":[24],"each":[25],"KPI,":[26],"it":[27],"is":[28],"crucial":[29],"but":[30],"challenging":[31],"detect":[33],"outliers":[34],"that":[35,61],"deviate":[36],"from":[37,107],"its":[38],"historical":[39],"patterns":[40,43],"or":[41],"other":[45],"KPIs":[46],"in":[47],"same":[49],"period.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"work,":[53],"we":[54],"proposeOutSpot,":[55],"an":[56],"unsupervised":[57],"outlier":[58,100,148],"detection":[59,149],"framework":[60],"integrates":[62],"hierarchical":[63],"agglomerative":[64],"clustering":[65],"(HAC)":[66],"with":[67],"conditional":[68],"variational":[69],"autoencoder":[70],"(CVAE),":[71],"which":[72],"significantly":[73,144],"improves":[74],"computational":[75],"efficiency":[76],"and":[77,92,119,133,138],"comprehensively":[78],"learns":[79],"above":[81],"two":[82,85,103,142],"patterns.":[83],"Additionally,":[84],"simple":[86],"yet":[87],"effective":[88],"techniques,":[89],"soft":[90],"threshold":[91],"median":[93],"filter,":[94],"are":[95],"applied":[96],"precisely":[98],"determine":[99],"KPIs.":[101],"Using":[102],"real-world":[104],"datasets":[105],"collected":[106],"datacenters":[109],"owned":[110],"by":[111],"a":[112,120],"top-tier":[113,121],"global":[114],"short":[115],"video":[116],"service":[117],"provider":[118],"domestic":[122],"operator,respectively.":[123],"It":[124],"demonstrates":[125],"thatOutSpotachieves":[126],"best":[128],"F1":[129],"score":[130],"0.95":[132],"0.91,":[134],"AUC":[135],"0.99":[137,139],"on":[140],"datasets,":[143],"outperforming":[145],"seven":[146],"baseline":[147],"methods.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
