{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295934592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2022.3207115","title":"Towards Hard Real-Time and Energy-Efficient Virtualization for Many-Core Embedded Systems","display_name":"Towards Hard Real-Time and Energy-Efficient Virtualization for Many-Core Embedded Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295934592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2022.3207115"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2022.3207115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2022.3207115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102780663","display_name":"Zhe Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-3167"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041356865","display_name":"Kecheng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9929-9759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13511017","display_name":"Texas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9q1g27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kecheng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082571025","display_name":"Yunfeng Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunfeng Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of York, York, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of York, York, U.K","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063909745","display_name":"Nathan Fisher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9733-3842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Fisher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086605034","display_name":"Neil Audsley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3739-6590"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil Audsley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of London, London, U.K","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062514822","display_name":"Zheng Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0692-7486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102780663"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3976,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80057908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"1","first_page":"111","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypervisor","display_name":"Hypervisor","score":0.7958673238754272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7638679146766663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.7481411695480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guard","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","score":0.6081671118736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5543811917304993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictability","display_name":"Predictability","score":0.49434542655944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.4514906406402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4296296238899231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preemption","display_name":"Preemption","score":0.4291679263114929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3931131064891815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3597390353679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.1716703176498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08751499652862549}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112904061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077480","display_name":"Hypervisor","level":4,"score":0.7958673238754272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7638679146766663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.7481411695480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141141315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2379942","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6081671118736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5543811917304993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197640229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2534066","display_name":"Predictability","level":2,"score":0.49434542655944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.4514906406402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4296296238899231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206952183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193100","display_name":"Preemption","level":2,"score":0.4291679263114929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3931131064891815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3597390353679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.1716703176498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08751499652862549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2022.3207115","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2022.3207115","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1786527753","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2103604","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2890844943","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-2118202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3797521673","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-1724227","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5579234199","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2140346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7926728840","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2038609","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8017884288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2104181","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309272","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310830","display_name":"Texas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/009ey6w22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041771494","https://openalex.org/W2055256057","https://openalex.org/W2075843858","https://openalex.org/W2082615565","https://openalex.org/W2085113251","https://openalex.org/W2095051555","https://openalex.org/W2127467256","https://openalex.org/W2141086245","https://openalex.org/W2142477472","https://openalex.org/W2151186611","https://openalex.org/W2157605676","https://openalex.org/W2166592660","https://openalex.org/W2167972204","https://openalex.org/W2169704840","https://openalex.org/W2612094043","https://openalex.org/W2618192706","https://openalex.org/W2725179571","https://openalex.org/W2807281109","https://openalex.org/W2887699125","https://openalex.org/W2895819481","https://openalex.org/W2963929690","https://openalex.org/W3003778129","https://openalex.org/W3006222440","https://openalex.org/W3008860667","https://openalex.org/W3014223782","https://openalex.org/W3030444687","https://openalex.org/W3043023258","https://openalex.org/W3087900483","https://openalex.org/W3109220260","https://openalex.org/W3178703546","https://openalex.org/W4200539379","https://openalex.org/W6684535045","https://openalex.org/W6738254432"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148749405","https://openalex.org/W2104105430","https://openalex.org/W1515917392","https://openalex.org/W2743348030","https://openalex.org/W1973516247","https://openalex.org/W1991063492","https://openalex.org/W2613320081","https://openalex.org/W2179519055","https://openalex.org/W2967546679","https://openalex.org/W4387237709"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,54],"safety-critical":[1],"computing":[2],"systems,":[3],"the":[4,34,65,81,134,149,156],"I/O":[5,27,44,69,94,158],"virtualization":[6,95],"must":[7],"simultaneously":[8,147],"satisfy":[9],"different":[10],"requirements,":[11],"including":[12],"time-predictability,":[13],"performance,":[14],"and":[15,30,47,99,152],"energy-efficiency.":[16],"However,":[17],"these":[18],"requirements":[19],"are":[20],"challenging":[21],"to":[22,25,76,112,132,155],"achieve":[23],"due":[24],"complex":[26],"access":[28],"path":[29],"resource":[31,78],"management":[32,52,79,110],"at":[33,43,138],"system":[35,66,86],"level,":[36,46],"lack":[37],"of":[38,68],"support":[39],"from":[40],"preemptive":[41,91],"scheduling":[42,92],"hardware":[45,74],"missing":[48],"an":[49],"effective":[50],"energy":[51,109,119],"method.":[53],"this":[55],"paper,":[56],"we":[57,104],"propose":[58],"a":[59,72,107,126],"new":[60],"framework,":[61],"I/O-GUARD,":[62],"which":[63],"reconstructs":[64],"architecture":[67],"virtualization,":[70],"bringing":[71],"dedicated":[73,108],"hypervisor":[75,84],"handle":[77],"throughout":[80],"system.":[82],"The":[83],"improves":[85,148],"real-time":[87,101],"performance":[88,151],"by":[89],"enabling":[90],"in":[93,142],"with":[96,124],"both":[97],"analytical":[98],"experimental":[100],"guarantees.":[102],"Furthermore,":[103],"also":[105],"present":[106],"unit":[111],"adjust":[113],"<italic":[114,144],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[115,145],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">I/O-GUARD</i>":[116,146],"'s":[117],"dynamic":[118],"using":[120],"frequency":[121,127,137],"scaling.":[122],"Associated":[123],"that,":[125],"identification":[128],"algorithm":[129],"is":[130],"proposed":[131],"find":[133],"appropriate":[135],"executing":[136],"run-time.":[139],"As":[140],"shown":[141],"experiments,":[143],"predictability,":[150],"energy-efficiency":[153],"compared":[154],"state-of-the-art":[157],"virtualization.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-09T08:58:05.943551","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
