{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3149125616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2021.3070879","title":"Reinforcement Learning-Based Resource Partitioning for Improving Responsiveness in Cloud Gaming","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning-Based Resource Partitioning for Improving Responsiveness in Cloud Gaming","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3149125616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2021.3070879","mag":"3149125616"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2021.3070879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2021.3070879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026498734","display_name":"Yusen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6623-350X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yusen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6623-350X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058703340","display_name":"Xiwei Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022769703","display_name":"Haoyuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-332X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053568911","display_name":"Lingjun Pu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-8887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingjun Pu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-8887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010031092","display_name":"Shanjiang Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-9899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanjiang Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-9899","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367433","display_name":"Gang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-2501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-2501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100390120","display_name":"Xiaoguang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-3278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoguang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8805,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93928535,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"5","first_page":"1049","last_page":"1062"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11165","display_name":"Image and Video Quality Assessment","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8207064270973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.7635636329650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7230370044708252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6389040946960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.581338107585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5769693851470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5106030106544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-time","display_name":"Response time","score":0.43919479846954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-partitioning","display_name":"Space partitioning","score":0.4242829382419586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.4234868884086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.4169083833694458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21304762363433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2087979018688202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.15509381890296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.092987060546875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8207064270973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.7635636329650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7230370044708252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6389040946960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.581338107585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5769693851470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5106030106544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19012869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578372","display_name":"Response time","level":2,"score":0.43919479846954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13670688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3500548","display_name":"Space partitioning","level":2,"score":0.4242829382419586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.4234868884086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.4169083833694458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21304762363433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2087979018688202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.15509381890296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.092987060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2021.3070879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2021.3070879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1168170545","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61602266","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G13133415","display_name":"\u9762\u54113D XPoint\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61872201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2215210296","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702521","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G464351509","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u591a\u7528\u6237\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5171\u4eab\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f18\u5316\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61972277","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564758953","https://openalex.org/W1968514937","https://openalex.org/W1971098529","https://openalex.org/W1977556410","https://openalex.org/W1980419087","https://openalex.org/W2012972371","https://openalex.org/W2039556965","https://openalex.org/W2045033465","https://openalex.org/W2065266960","https://openalex.org/W2066286382","https://openalex.org/W2066443259","https://openalex.org/W2093375846","https://openalex.org/W2095900167","https://openalex.org/W2143773524","https://openalex.org/W2156077332","https://openalex.org/W2160121678","https://openalex.org/W2187064181","https://openalex.org/W2187895331","https://openalex.org/W2304765993","https://openalex.org/W2463123097","https://openalex.org/W2517292986","https://openalex.org/W2612625122","https://openalex.org/W2626637010","https://openalex.org/W2795035377","https://openalex.org/W2798747284","https://openalex.org/W2799171747","https://openalex.org/W2894812324","https://openalex.org/W2896941166","https://openalex.org/W2926143647","https://openalex.org/W2928288784","https://openalex.org/W2934426651","https://openalex.org/W2963335996","https://openalex.org/W2964293511","https://openalex.org/W2982250164","https://openalex.org/W4232783243","https://openalex.org/W4242437450","https://openalex.org/W6676249281","https://openalex.org/W6682346614","https://openalex.org/W6715053102","https://openalex.org/W6739516088"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W2138720691","https://openalex.org/W4362501864","https://openalex.org/W3008857645","https://openalex.org/W2073947114","https://openalex.org/W1895366714","https://openalex.org/W2061980994","https://openalex.org/W4389304954","https://openalex.org/W109757404","https://openalex.org/W1540431531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cloud":[0],"gaming":[1,34,193],"has":[2,114],"been":[3],"very":[4],"popular":[5],"in":[6,32,110,181,189],"recent":[7],"years,":[8],"but":[9],"issues":[10],"relating":[11],"to":[12,17,70,145,171,213,217],"maintaining":[13],"low":[14],"interaction":[15],"delay":[16,31,58,109,180,210],"guarantee":[18],"satisfactory":[19],"user":[20],"experience":[21],"are":[22,44],"still":[23],"prevalent.":[24],"We":[25,184],"observe":[26],"that":[27,54,203],"the":[28,42,50,56,71,87,121,135,174,186,208],"server-side":[29],"processing":[30],"cloud":[33,111,192],"system":[35,219],"could":[36],"be":[37],"heavily":[38],"influenced":[39],"by":[40,211],"how":[41],"resources":[43,128],"partitioned":[45],"among":[46,129],"processes.":[47],"However,":[48],"finding":[49],"optimal":[51],"partitioning":[52,66,92,104,137,142,227],"policy":[53,93],"minimizes":[55],"response":[57,108,179,209],"faces":[59],"several":[60,115,155,196],"critical":[61],"challenges.":[62],"First,":[63,118],"fine-grained":[64],"resource":[65,75,91,103,136,221,226],"is":[67,81],"non-trivial":[68],"due":[69],"limitations":[72],"of":[73,89],"hardwre-based":[74],"isolation":[76],"techniques.":[77],"Second,":[78,144],"game":[79,152],"wokload":[80],"highly":[82],"dynamic":[83,147],"and":[84,126,157,223],"unpredictable,":[85],"making":[86],"design":[88],"efficient":[90],"more":[94],"challenging.":[95],"In":[96],"this":[97],"article,":[98],"we":[99,119,150,167],"propose":[100],"an":[101],"online":[102],"framework":[105,188],"for":[106,163,177],"reducing":[107],"gaming,":[112],"which":[113,132],"promising":[116],"properties.":[117],"divide":[120],"processes":[122],"into":[123,154],"disjoint":[124],"groups":[125],"partition":[127],"process":[130,160],"groups,":[131],"greatly":[133],"simplifies":[134],"problem":[138],"while":[139],"ensuring":[140],"high":[141],"effectiveness.":[143],"tackle":[146],"workload":[148],"changes,":[149],"classify":[151],"workloads":[153],"clusters":[156],"maintain":[158],"separate":[159],"grouping":[161],"plan":[162],"each":[164],"cluster.":[165],"Third,":[166],"leverage":[168],"reinforcement":[169],"learning":[170],"adaptively":[172],"choose":[173],"best":[175],"actions":[176],"minimizing":[178],"real":[182,191,197],"time.":[183],"evaluate":[185],"proposed":[187],"a":[190,218],"environment":[194],"using":[195],"games.":[198],"The":[199],"experimental":[200],"results":[201],"show":[202],"our":[204],"approach":[205],"can":[206],"reduce":[207],"22":[212],"41":[214],"percent":[215],"compared":[216],"without":[220],"partitioning,":[222],"outperforms":[224],"other":[225],"policies":[228],"significantly.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
