{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119853173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2021.3049543","title":"Voltage Over-Scaling-Based Lightweight Authentication for IoT Security","display_name":"Voltage Over-Scaling-Based Lightweight Authentication for IoT Security","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119853173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2021.3049543","mag":"3119853173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2021.3049543","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2021.3049543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100680958","display_name":"Jiliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-6794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-6794","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080495648","display_name":"Chaoqun Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-9584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoqun Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-9584","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080490894","display_name":"Haihan Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haihan Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077280198","display_name":"Md Tanvir Arafin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5179-5216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83909951","display_name":"Morgan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/017d8gk22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Tanvir Arafin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5179-5216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012474783","display_name":"Gang Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6759-8949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6759-8949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.5034,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99619215,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"2","first_page":"323","last_page":"336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8129785656929016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6531025171279907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication-protocol","display_name":"Authentication protocol","score":0.5597161650657654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.38067758083343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34170305728912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21024343371391296}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8129785656929016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6531025171279907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.5597161650657654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.38067758083343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34170305728912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21024343371391296}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2021.3049543","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2021.3049543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2567088892","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019GK2082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330214","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G379788583","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61874042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4757893089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U20A20202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G485163565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62122023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330214","display_name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25365497","https://openalex.org/W102487131","https://openalex.org/W1506806321","https://openalex.org/W1613874182","https://openalex.org/W1975518327","https://openalex.org/W1991735330","https://openalex.org/W2014299685","https://openalex.org/W2016244202","https://openalex.org/W2044389004","https://openalex.org/W2067008732","https://openalex.org/W2080284304","https://openalex.org/W2081432934","https://openalex.org/W2083471987","https://openalex.org/W2087114937","https://openalex.org/W2116374153","https://openalex.org/W2120000030","https://openalex.org/W2123482651","https://openalex.org/W2147431169","https://openalex.org/W2147869417","https://openalex.org/W2158443804","https://openalex.org/W2170037417","https://openalex.org/W2172255798","https://openalex.org/W2289245055","https://openalex.org/W2336687883","https://openalex.org/W2588907924","https://openalex.org/W2613560680","https://openalex.org/W2625230464","https://openalex.org/W2761904588","https://openalex.org/W2908748086","https://openalex.org/W2909319943","https://openalex.org/W2920006327","https://openalex.org/W2921567073","https://openalex.org/W2971718024","https://openalex.org/W2974280033","https://openalex.org/W2997932026","https://openalex.org/W3005714870","https://openalex.org/W3012424508","https://openalex.org/W3041760264","https://openalex.org/W3094433534","https://openalex.org/W3146960355","https://openalex.org/W4236646429","https://openalex.org/W6657183128","https://openalex.org/W6676995458"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034419863","https://openalex.org/W2296396257","https://openalex.org/W3007106793","https://openalex.org/W2132505069","https://openalex.org/W1965515427","https://openalex.org/W2547137208","https://openalex.org/W2116285675","https://openalex.org/W2054202867","https://openalex.org/W2109882692","https://openalex.org/W2061637199"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,52,75,132,164],"a":[2,59],"challenging":[3],"task":[4],"to":[5,31,44,57,71,92,101,123,174],"deploy":[6],"lightweight":[7,16],"security":[8],"protocols":[9],"in":[10],"resource-constrained":[11],"IoT":[12],"applications.":[13],"A":[14],"hardware-oriented":[15],"authentication":[17,36,61,74,100,120],"protocol":[18],"based":[19,183],"on":[20,184],"device":[21],"signature":[22],"generated":[23],"during":[24],"voltage":[25],"over-scaling":[26],"(VOS)":[27],"was":[28],"recently":[29],"proposed":[30,140,147],"address":[32],"this":[33,64],"issue.":[34],"VOS-based":[35,99,119],"employs":[37,83],"the":[38,46,94,98,115,129,161,176],"computation":[39],"unit":[40],"such":[41,73],"as":[42],"adders":[43],"generate":[45],"process":[47],"variation":[48],"dependent":[49],"error,":[50],"which":[51,82],"combined":[53,86],"with":[54,87,121,180],"secret":[55],"keys":[56,88],"create":[58],"two-factor":[60],"protocol.":[62],"In":[63,144],"article,":[65],"machine":[66],"learning":[67],"(ML)-based":[68],"modeling":[69,162],"attacks":[70,182],"break":[72],"presented.":[76],"We":[77],"also":[78,149],"propose":[79],"achallengeself-obfuscationstructure":[80],"(CSoS)":[81],"previous":[84],"challenges":[85],"or":[89],"random":[90],"numbers":[91],"obfuscate":[93],"current":[95],"challenge":[96],"for":[97,154],"resist":[102],"ML":[103,141,181],"attacks.":[104],"Experimental":[105,157],"results":[106,158],"show":[107,159],"that":[108,160],"ANN,":[109,187],"RNN,":[110,188],"and":[111,189],"CMA-ES":[112],"can":[113],"clone":[114],"challenge-response":[116],"behavior":[117],"of":[118],"up":[122],"99.65":[124],"percent":[125,136,167],"prediction":[126,130],"accuracy,":[127],"while":[128],"accuracy":[131,163],"less":[133],"than":[134],"51.2":[135],"after":[137],"deploying":[138],"our":[139,146],"resilient":[142],"technique.":[143],"addition,":[145],"CSoS":[148],"shows":[150],"good":[151],"obfuscation":[152],"ability":[153],"strong":[155],"PUFs.":[156],"below":[165],"54":[166],"when":[168],"106challenge-response":[169],"pairs":[170],"(CRPs)":[171],"are":[172],"collected":[173],"model":[175],"CSoS-based":[177],"Arbiter":[178],"PUF":[179],"LR,":[185],"SVM,":[186],"CMA-ES.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}