{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889711535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2018.2871096","title":"Analysis, Modeling and Optimization of Equal Segment Based Approximate Adders","display_name":"Analysis, Modeling and Optimization of Equal Segment Based Approximate Adders","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889711535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2018.2871096","mag":"2889711535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2018.2871096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2018.2871096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048730647","display_name":"Sunil Dutt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-5164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317621060","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati","ror":"https://ror.org/0022nd079","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sunil Dutt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103214953","display_name":"Satyabrata Dash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8406-2043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317621060","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati","ror":"https://ror.org/0022nd079","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satyabrata Dash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053883070","display_name":"Sukumar Nandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5869-1057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317621060","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati","ror":"https://ror.org/0022nd079","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sukumar Nandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084072609","display_name":"Gaurav Trivedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2189-3656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317621060","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati","ror":"https://ror.org/0022nd079","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Trivedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048730647"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317621060"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.545,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84077001,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"3","first_page":"314","last_page":"330"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.8220036029815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.7021163702011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6753722429275513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carry","display_name":"Carry (investment)","score":0.4525564908981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.44674596190452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.395113468170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebra-over-a-field","display_name":"Algebra over a field","score":0.336904376745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.21125072240829468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.16632387042045593}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.8220036029815674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.7021163702011108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6753722429275513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776299755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432449","display_name":"Carry (investment)","level":2,"score":0.4525564908981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.44674596190452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.395113468170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136119220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000660","display_name":"Algebra over a field","level":2,"score":0.336904376745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.21125072240829468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16632387042045593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2018.2871096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2018.2871096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492686510","https://openalex.org/W1518236483","https://openalex.org/W1584008964","https://openalex.org/W1788708300","https://openalex.org/W1948756492","https://openalex.org/W1966065040","https://openalex.org/W1998824039","https://openalex.org/W2001240796","https://openalex.org/W2003056114","https://openalex.org/W2005865544","https://openalex.org/W2006312753","https://openalex.org/W2008684926","https://openalex.org/W2017819499","https://openalex.org/W2020217519","https://openalex.org/W2026005150","https://openalex.org/W2030922317","https://openalex.org/W2035378788","https://openalex.org/W2045294186","https://openalex.org/W2072122809","https://openalex.org/W2076536455","https://openalex.org/W2077212538","https://openalex.org/W2083156986","https://openalex.org/W2088115909","https://openalex.org/W2121069160","https://openalex.org/W2124616298","https://openalex.org/W2129394555","https://openalex.org/W2135089667","https://openalex.org/W2143384051","https://openalex.org/W2155458498","https://openalex.org/W2170902568","https://openalex.org/W2265166184","https://openalex.org/W2295386853","https://openalex.org/W2399535694","https://openalex.org/W2404305894","https://openalex.org/W2413256711","https://openalex.org/W2489854111","https://openalex.org/W2510531184","https://openalex.org/W2515531880","https://openalex.org/W2612139336","https://openalex.org/W2626986277","https://openalex.org/W2742536119","https://openalex.org/W2773871951","https://openalex.org/W2791192181","https://openalex.org/W3147234326","https://openalex.org/W4210673018","https://openalex.org/W4232479396","https://openalex.org/W4234974086","https://openalex.org/W4240268885","https://openalex.org/W4250705145","https://openalex.org/W4297825776","https://openalex.org/W6629355852","https://openalex.org/W6634717524","https://openalex.org/W6651700774","https://openalex.org/W6669791407","https://openalex.org/W6681222689","https://openalex.org/W6746688431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075110663","https://openalex.org/W1910495841","https://openalex.org/W2109236388","https://openalex.org/W2033419648","https://openalex.org/W2059369867","https://openalex.org/W2157955791","https://openalex.org/W4225135417","https://openalex.org/W2127980940","https://openalex.org/W2095962490","https://openalex.org/W2057091512"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,11,15,61,77,103,145,180,185,223,256,262,283,299,309],"past":[2],"decade,":[3],"several":[4,34],"approximate":[5],"adders":[6],"have":[7],"been":[8],"proposed":[9,146,186,257],"in":[10,83,192,327],"literature":[12],"based":[13],"on":[14,102,282],"design":[16,50],"concept":[17],"of":[18,64,80,105,139,144,161,244,265,276,318,324],"<i>Equal":[19],"Segment":[20,53],"Adder</i>":[21],"(ESA).":[22],"In":[23,122,246,311],"this":[24,123,247],"approach,":[25],"an":[26,112,162,193,251,266,277],"<inline-formula><tex-math":[27,43,56,72,87,94,106,109,113,118,163,194,267,336,345,355,361],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[28,44,114,164,195,268],"-bit":[29,45,115,165,196,269],"adder":[30,284,304,325],"is":[31],"segmented":[32],"into":[33],"smaller":[35,333,342],"and":[36,67,93,108,128,137,167,216,240,294,348,358],"independent":[37],"equally":[38],"sized":[39],"accurate":[40],"sub-adders.":[41],"An":[42],"ESA":[46,116,278],"has":[47,117],"two":[48],"primary":[49],"parameters:":[51],"(i)":[52,151,330],"size":[54],"(":[55,71,335,344,354,360],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[57,107],"),":[58,74],"which":[59,75,205,225],"represents":[60,76],"maximum":[62],"length":[63],"carry":[65,84],"propagation;":[66],"(ii)":[68,168,339],"Overlapping":[69],"bits":[70,81],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$l$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[73,110],"minimum":[78],"number":[79],"used":[82,286,306],"prediction,":[85],"where":[86],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$1":[88],"\\leq":[89,96],"k":[90],"&lt;":[91,98],"N$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[92],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$0":[95],"l":[97],"k$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[99],".":[100],"Based":[101],"combinations":[104],",":[111],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$N(N-1)/2$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[119],"possible":[120,159],"configurations.":[121],"paper,":[124],"we":[125,189,249,272,320],"analyse":[126],"ESAs":[127],"propose":[129],"analytical":[130,147,182,187,258],"models":[131,148,259],"to":[132,179,233,260,287,307,313],"estimate":[133,173],"accuracy,":[134,222],"delay,":[135,214,228,292],"power":[136,215,229,293],"area":[138,231,295,334,359],"ESAs.":[140,245],"The":[141],"key":[142],"features":[143],"are":[149,153,170],"that:":[150],"They":[152,169],"generalized,":[154],"i.e.,":[155],"work":[156],"for":[157,219,237],"all":[158],"configurations":[160,204,211,224,264,301],"ESA;":[166],"superior":[171],"(i.e.,":[172],"more":[174],"accurately)":[175],"or":[176],"at":[177],"par":[178],"existing":[181],"models.":[183],"From":[184],"models,":[188],"observe":[190],"that":[191,254,274],"ESA,":[197],"there":[198],"exist":[199],"multiple":[200],"(more":[201],"than":[202],"one)":[203],"exhibit":[206,212],"similar":[207],"accuracy.":[208],"However,":[209],"these":[210],"different":[213],"area.":[217],"Therefore,":[218],"a":[220,315],"given":[221],"provide":[226],"minimal":[227],"and/or":[230],"need":[232],"be":[234],"known":[235],"apriori":[236],"efficient,":[238],"intelligent":[239],"goal":[241],"oriented":[242],"implementations":[243],"regard,":[248],"present":[250],"optimization":[252],"framework":[253],"exploits":[255],"find":[261],"optimal":[263,300],"ESA.":[270,310],"Further,":[271],"know":[273],"accuracy":[275],"does":[279],"not":[280],"depend":[281,296],"architecture":[285,326],"implement":[288,308],"it,":[289],"however,":[290],"its":[291],"significantly.":[297],"Consequently,":[298],"vary":[302],"with":[303],"architectures":[305],"order":[312],"cover":[314],"wide":[316],"range":[317],"adders,":[319],"consider":[321],"three":[322],"types":[323],"our":[328],"analysis:":[329],"Architectures":[331,340,350],"having":[332,341,351],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(N)$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[337],");":[338,347],"delay":[343,353],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(log_2N)$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[346],"(iii)":[349],"in-between":[352],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(N/4)$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[356],")":[357],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$O(2N)$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[362],").":[363]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
