{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2760378281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2017.2754381","title":"Towards the Design of Efficient and Consistent Index Structure with Minimal Write Activities for Non-Volatile Memory","display_name":"Towards the Design of Efficient and Consistent Index Structure with Minimal Write Activities for Non-Volatile Memory","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2760378281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2017.2754381","mag":"2760378281"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2017.2754381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2017.2754381","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077381252","display_name":"Edwin H.\u2010M. Sha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5605-5631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edwin Hsing-Mean Sha","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019027088","display_name":"Weiwen Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9004-487X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwen Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086223631","display_name":"Hailiang Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailiang Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069210056","display_name":"Zhulin Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3439-3570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhulin Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102025390","display_name":"Runyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3732-5098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030718577","display_name":"Xianzhang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8987-377X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianzhang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005358696","display_name":"Qingfeng Zhuge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1107-3470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingfeng Zhuge","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai Shi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai Shi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077381252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.219,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59404989,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"3","first_page":"432","last_page":"448"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.823223352432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.6767081618309021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.656697154045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-volatile-memory","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","score":0.579497754573822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.5580835938453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.4995598793029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4324834942817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-structure","display_name":"Tree structure","score":0.42024892568588257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.28923189640045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.2561679780483246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.25343549251556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14992594718933105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.823223352432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.6767081618309021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.656697154045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177950962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10997658","display_name":"Non-volatile memory","level":2,"score":0.579497754573822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.5580835938453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.4995598793029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4324834942817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163797641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067937","display_name":"Tree structure","level":3,"score":0.42024892568588257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.28923189640045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.2561679780483246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.25343549251556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14992594718933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2017.2754381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2017.2754381","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2047720370","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61472052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7450386373","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201706050116","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172108465","https://openalex.org/W179608396","https://openalex.org/W241684218","https://openalex.org/W1422898865","https://openalex.org/W1437323374","https://openalex.org/W1567210335","https://openalex.org/W1816580784","https://openalex.org/W1979943645","https://openalex.org/W1985229168","https://openalex.org/W1987201308","https://openalex.org/W1988852271","https://openalex.org/W1989741444","https://openalex.org/W1992755462","https://openalex.org/W2000813460","https://openalex.org/W2006798699","https://openalex.org/W2015194563","https://openalex.org/W2062487414","https://openalex.org/W2065310177","https://openalex.org/W2078260102","https://openalex.org/W2091829363","https://openalex.org/W2097823832","https://openalex.org/W2112753327","https://openalex.org/W2116826022","https://openalex.org/W2130301020","https://openalex.org/W2145148249","https://openalex.org/W2150662965","https://openalex.org/W2157808045","https://openalex.org/W2160404300","https://openalex.org/W2171724053","https://openalex.org/W2282225439","https://openalex.org/W2294111665","https://openalex.org/W2344219385","https://openalex.org/W2396406070","https://openalex.org/W2398564056","https://openalex.org/W2414992661","https://openalex.org/W2508758156","https://openalex.org/W2610308442","https://openalex.org/W3099470245","https://openalex.org/W4232100484","https://openalex.org/W4254305400","https://openalex.org/W6606993022","https://openalex.org/W6607267220","https://openalex.org/W6609370196","https://openalex.org/W6628393877","https://openalex.org/W6633610439","https://openalex.org/W6679387369","https://openalex.org/W6695654562","https://openalex.org/W6712319493","https://openalex.org/W6713031483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145355078","https://openalex.org/W2358174538","https://openalex.org/W2047015677","https://openalex.org/W2372453241","https://openalex.org/W2371387875","https://openalex.org/W2531660186","https://openalex.org/W1987871343","https://openalex.org/W2064670891","https://openalex.org/W1508699539","https://openalex.org/W2025988984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Index":[0],"structures":[1],"can":[2,171],"significantly":[3],"accelerate":[4],"the":[5,36,50,61,92,96,107,125,133,163,187,196,255],"data":[6,10,127,141,180,197],"retrieval":[7,142],"operations":[8],"in":[9,47,88,119,183,199,227],"intensive":[11],"systems,":[12,185],"such":[13,18,72,166],"as":[14,19,29,112,114],"databases.":[15],"Tree":[16],"structures,":[17],"B":[20],"<sup":[21],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[22],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">+</sup>":[23],"-tree":[24],"alike,":[25],"are":[26,237,258],"commonly":[27],"employed":[28],"index":[30,63,73,80,108,117],"structures;":[31],"however,":[32],"we":[33,148,175],"found":[34],"that":[35,167,251],"tree":[37],"structure":[38,64,81,109,135],"may":[39,192,201],"not":[40],"be":[41,102,111,172,193,202],"appropriate":[42],"for":[43,52,65],"Non-Volatile":[44],"Memory":[45],"(NVM)":[46],"terms":[48],"of":[49,77,85,94,189,208,254],"requirements":[51],"high-performance":[53,140],"and":[54,68,195,231,246],"high-endurance.":[55],"This":[56,211],"paper":[57,121,212],"studies":[58],"what":[59],"is":[60,122],"best":[62],"NVM-based":[66,184],"systems":[67],"how":[69],"to":[70,90,138,177,205],"design":[71,76,149],"structures.":[74],"The":[75,116],"an":[78,240],"NVM-friendly":[79],"faces":[82],"a":[83,150,157,214,228],"lot":[84],"challenges.":[86],"First,":[87],"order":[89,188],"prolong":[91],"lifetime":[93],"NVM,":[95],"write":[97,252],"activities":[98,253],"on":[99,124,162,239],"NVM":[100,200],"should":[101,110],"minimized.":[103],"To":[104,144],"this":[105,120,146],"end,":[106],"simple":[113,134],"possible.":[115],"proposed":[118],"based":[123],"simplest":[126],"structure,":[128],"i.e.,":[129],"linked":[130,164],"list.":[131],"Second,":[132],"brings":[136],"challenges":[137],"achieve":[139],"operations.":[143],"overcome":[145],"challenge,":[147],"novel":[151,215],"technique":[152],"by":[153],"explicitly":[154],"building":[155],"up":[156],"contiguous":[158],"virtual":[159],"address":[160],"space":[161],"list,":[165],"efficient":[168],"search":[169],"algorithms":[170],"performed.":[173],"Third,":[174],"need":[176],"carefully":[178],"consider":[179],"consistency":[181],"issues":[182],"because":[186],"memory":[190],"writes":[191],"changed":[194],"content":[198],"inconsistent":[203],"due":[204],"write-back":[206],"effects":[207],"CPU":[209],"cache.":[210],"devises":[213],"indexing":[216],"scheme,":[217],"called":[218],"\u201cVirtual":[219],"Linear":[220],"Addressable":[221],"Buckets\u201d":[222],"(VLAB).":[223],"We":[224],"implement":[225],"VLAB":[226,265],"storage":[229],"engine":[230],"plug":[232],"it":[233],"into":[234],"MySQL.":[235],"Evaluations":[236],"conducted":[238],"NVDIMM":[241],"workstation":[242],"using":[243],"YCSB":[244],"workloads":[245],"real-world":[247],"traces.":[248],"Results":[249],"show":[250],"state-of-the-art":[256],"indexes":[257],"6.98":[259],"times":[260,268],"more":[261],"than":[262],"ours;":[263],"meanwhile,":[264],"achieves":[266],"2.53":[267],"speedup.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}