{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2461274627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2015.2493547","title":"Approximate Radix-8 Booth Multipliers for Low-Power and High-Performance Operation","display_name":"Approximate Radix-8 Booth Multipliers for Low-Power and High-Performance Operation","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2461274627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2015.2493547","mag":"2461274627"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2015.2493547","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2015.2493547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019717600","display_name":"Honglan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3705-4240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Honglan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005550142","display_name":"Jie Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063901096","display_name":"Fei Qiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-9590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001979328","display_name":"Fabrizio Lombardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3152-3245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Lombardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019717600"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.419,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":215,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97990821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"8","first_page":"2638","last_page":"2644"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.8182933926582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.7223097085952759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.6902302503585815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.6737606525421143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.6312234401702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.45898425579071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carry-save-adder","display_name":"Carry-save adder","score":0.4512542486190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplication","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","score":0.4443245828151703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3678983449935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24139192700386047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.18911871314048767}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.8182933926582336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.7223097085952759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6902302503585815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.6737606525421143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.6312234401702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.45898425579071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3227080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5046770","display_name":"Carry-save adder","level":4,"score":0.4512542486190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.4443245828151703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3678983449935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24139192700386047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.18911871314048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2015.2493547","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2015.2493547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.715.7888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.715.7888","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ece.ualberta.ca/%7Ejhan8/publications/BoothMultiplier10.11.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579004116","https://openalex.org/W1743414813","https://openalex.org/W1998824039","https://openalex.org/W2005652364","https://openalex.org/W2020217519","https://openalex.org/W2087670726","https://openalex.org/W2100344492","https://openalex.org/W2102915015","https://openalex.org/W2106484393","https://openalex.org/W2114837206","https://openalex.org/W2121819644","https://openalex.org/W2124651102","https://openalex.org/W2129394555","https://openalex.org/W2130132302","https://openalex.org/W2135089667","https://openalex.org/W2150756480","https://openalex.org/W4246795461","https://openalex.org/W6677490153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2489015823","https://openalex.org/W2766072312","https://openalex.org/W2516396101","https://openalex.org/W2186498568","https://openalex.org/W2129868416","https://openalex.org/W4295540194","https://openalex.org/W2015457513","https://openalex.org/W2364181090","https://openalex.org/W2112595260","https://openalex.org/W3082514006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,192,207],"Booth":[1,50,167,205,228,253],"multiplier":[2,23,51,208,229],"has":[3],"been":[4],"widely":[5],"used":[6],"for":[7,89,138],"high":[8],"performance":[9,216,249],"signed":[10,159],"multiplication":[11],"by":[12,73],"encoding":[13],"and":[14,97,114,155,177,198,221,245],"thereby":[15],"reducing":[16],"the":[17,25,39,46,56,60,64,74,91,121,130,140,148,172,179,189,203,213,232,238],"number":[18,183],"of":[19,41,58,63,76,93,101,134,150,181,184,219,240],"partial":[20,42,190],"products.":[21,191],"A":[22],"using":[24,171],"radix-":[26,47],"<inline-formula><tex-math":[27,48,81,94,122],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$4$":[28],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[29],"(or":[30],"modified":[31],"Booth)":[32],"algorithm":[33],"is":[34,52,71,86,126],"very":[35],"efficient":[36,201],"due":[37,54],"to":[38,55,128,225,237],"ease":[40],"product":[43],"generation,":[44],"whereas":[45],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$8$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[49],"slow":[53],"complexity":[57],"generating":[59,139],"odd":[61],"multiples":[62],"multiplicand.":[65],"In":[66,147],"this":[67,69],"paper,":[68],"issue":[70],"alleviated":[72],"application":[75],"approximate":[77,80,165,173,194,227,233,252],"designs.":[78,230],"An":[79],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$2$</tex-math>":[82],"</inline-formula>":[83,96],"-bit":[84,124],"adder":[85,106,125,137,175],"deliberately":[87],"designed":[88,170],"calculating":[90],"sum":[92],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$1\\times$</tex-math>":[95],"<inline-formula>":[98,160],"<tex-math":[99,161],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$2\\times$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[100],"a":[102,108,111,115,135,151,182,241],"binary":[103],"number.":[104],"This":[105],"requires":[107],"small":[109],"area,":[110],"low":[112],"power":[113,156,200],"short":[116],"critical":[117],"path":[118],"delay.":[119],"Subsequently,":[120],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$2$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[123],"employed":[127],"implement":[129],"less":[131,185],"significant":[132,186],"section":[133],"recoding":[136,174],"triple":[141],"multiplicand":[142],"with":[143,176,209],"no":[144],"carry":[145],"propagation.":[146],"pursuit":[149],"trade-off":[152],"between":[153],"accuracy":[154,222],"consumption,":[157],"two":[158],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$16\\times":[162],"16$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[163],"bit":[164],"radix-8":[166],"multipliers":[168,195,234],"are":[169,196,235],"without":[178],"truncation":[180,211],"bits":[187],"in":[188,217],"proposed":[193],"faster":[197],"more":[199],"than":[202,250],"accurate":[204],"multiplier.":[206],"15-bit":[210],"achieves":[212],"best":[214],"overall":[215],"terms":[218],"hardware":[220],"when":[223],"compared":[224],"other":[226,251],"Finally,":[231],"applied":[236],"design":[239],"low-pass":[242],"FIR":[243],"filter":[244],"they":[246],"show":[247],"better":[248],"multipliers.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
