{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2167363972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1979.1675377","title":"Database Machines: An Introduction","display_name":"Database Machines: An Introduction","publication_year":1979,"publication_date":"1979-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2167363972","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1979.1675377","mag":"2167363972"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.1979.1675377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1979.1675377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097563760","display_name":"Langdon","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Langdon","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research Laboratory"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research Laboratory","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5097563760"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84537422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"C-28","issue":"6","first_page":"381","last_page":"383"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.7943999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.7943999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.7940000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.7777000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8530666828155518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.6657900810241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-file","display_name":"Computer file","score":0.627467155456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/file-system","display_name":"File system","score":0.472520649433136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.44629770517349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.43386223912239075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unix-file-types","display_name":"Unix file types","score":0.42585891485214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.42428573966026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stub-file","display_name":"Stub file","score":0.38745424151420593}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8530666828155518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.6657900810241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95637964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82753","display_name":"Computer file","level":2,"score":0.627467155456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780940931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174989","display_name":"File system","level":2,"score":0.472520649433136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.44629770517349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.43386223912239075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21729314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7896858","display_name":"Unix file types","level":4,"score":0.42585891485214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42428573966026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13674803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7627301","display_name":"Stub file","level":3,"score":0.38745424151420593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.1979.1675377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1979.1675377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097829252","https://openalex.org/W4247882433","https://openalex.org/W196652493","https://openalex.org/W1481669841","https://openalex.org/W2367740768","https://openalex.org/W2517882452","https://openalex.org/W3042208251","https://openalex.org/W2888789739","https://openalex.org/W2963784857","https://openalex.org/W2361514029"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"THIS":[0],"issue":[1],"of":[2,15,31,41,45,56,75,92,160,164],"the":[3,11,29,32,36,52,97,124,133,143,158,165,201,213,226,230],"IEEE":[4],"TRANSACTIONS":[5],"ON":[6],"COMPUTERS":[7],"iS":[8],"devoted":[9],"to":[10,35,95,123,157],"relatively":[12,125],"new":[13],"field":[14,88],"database":[16,22],"machine":[17],"design.":[18],"What":[19],"is":[20,26,47,54,72,79,89,120,146],"a":[21,49,70,73,77,80,87,90,110,197,205,238],"machine?":[23],"This":[24,118],"question":[25],"answered":[27],"in":[28,109,116,204],"context":[30],"traditional":[33],"approach":[34],"storage,":[37],"retrieval,":[38],"and":[39,51,86,128,139,181,193],"update":[40],"information.":[42],"A":[43],"collection":[44],"data":[46,104,170,186],"called":[48],"file,":[50],"file":[53,71,166,183,198,203],"composed":[55],"individual":[57],"records.":[58],"The":[59],"records":[60,195],"themselves":[61],"are":[62,171],"partitioned":[63],"into":[64,148],"fields.":[65],"In":[66,132],"punched":[67],"card":[68,82,127],"technology,":[69],"deck":[74],"cards,":[76],"record":[78,115],"single":[81],"(a":[83],"unit":[84],"record),":[85],"grouping":[91],"adjacent":[93],"columns":[94],"which":[96,155,167],"designer":[98],"has":[99],"assigned":[100],"some":[101],"meaning.":[102],"Simple":[103],"processing":[105,113,187,200],"systems":[106],"access":[107,137,178,209],"files":[108],"sequential":[111,206],"manner,":[112],"each":[114,174],"turn.":[117],"technique":[119],"well":[121],"suited":[122],"inexpensive":[126],"tape":[129],"storage":[130,141,144,179,210],"media.":[131],"more":[134,216],"expensive":[135],"direct":[136,177],"(drum":[138],"disk)":[140],"technologies,":[142],"media":[145],"divided":[147],"tracks.":[149],"Tracks":[150],"can":[151,189],"be":[152,223],"addressed":[153],"directly,":[154],"leads":[156],"concept":[159],"constructing":[161],"an":[162],"index":[163],"indicates":[168],"what":[169],"stored":[172],"on":[173,225],"track.":[175],"With":[176],"devices":[180,211],"suitable":[182],"organization":[184],"techniques,":[185],"programs":[188],"search,":[190],"update,":[191],"insert,":[192],"delete":[194],"from":[196],"without":[199],"entire":[202],"fashion.":[207],"Direct":[208],"provide":[212],"user":[214],"with":[215],"powerful":[217],"functions,":[218],"but":[219],"these":[220],"functions":[221],"must":[222],"programmed":[224],"central":[227],"processor,":[228],"as":[229],"IO":[231],"interface":[232],"traditionally":[233],"communicates":[234],"control":[235],"information":[236],"at":[237],"very":[239],"low":[240],"level.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}