{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2097362889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.5009251","title":"On Magnetic Bubble Logic Circuits","display_name":"On Magnetic Bubble Logic Circuits","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2097362889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.5009251","mag":"2097362889"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.1976.5009251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.5009251","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111554225","display_name":"Kozo Kinoshita","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kozo Kinoshita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","[Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111659377","display_name":"Tsutomu Sasao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsutomu Sasao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","[Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108570183","display_name":"Jun Matsuda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Matsuda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","[Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electronic Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2394,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96572005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"C-25","issue":"3","first_page":"247","last_page":"253"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9797999858856201,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/element","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","score":0.7058054208755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.5629591941833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.517553985118866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.503114640712738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.45022767782211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43383973836898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3850663900375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.35945814847946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.34423696994781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3393453359603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2935682237148285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.2082214057445526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11760154366493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.0833110511302948}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200288055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621792","display_name":"Element (criminal law)","level":2,"score":0.7058054208755493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.5629591941833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.517553985118866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.503114640712738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.45022767782211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43383973836898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3850663900375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.35945814847946167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34423696994781494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3393453359603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2935682237148285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.2082214057445526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11760154366493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0833110511302948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.1976.5009251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.5009251","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001444737","https://openalex.org/W2007696147","https://openalex.org/W2013310157","https://openalex.org/W2028206183","https://openalex.org/W2031917145","https://openalex.org/W2036206621","https://openalex.org/W2059948212","https://openalex.org/W2070455581","https://openalex.org/W2091405247","https://openalex.org/W2097362889","https://openalex.org/W2105552155","https://openalex.org/W2116294149","https://openalex.org/W2129055850","https://openalex.org/W2153484041"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045812595","https://openalex.org/W2351210157","https://openalex.org/W2354943544","https://openalex.org/W2386767533","https://openalex.org/W2369318788","https://openalex.org/W792237075","https://openalex.org/W2380849509","https://openalex.org/W3098582471","https://openalex.org/W2009532897","https://openalex.org/W3113940793"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"is":[2,22,35,51,62,88,99,119,128,150,173],"concerned":[3],"with":[4],"the":[5,23,33,49,66,74,117,124,139,166,176,183],"realization":[6],"of":[7,29,32,39,44,48,76,94,155,158,163,169,179],"logic":[8,15,20,25],"functions":[9,87,181],"by":[10,108,135],"using":[11,109],"two-input":[12],"magnetic":[13,18,136],"bubble":[14,19,137],"elements.":[16,72,95],"A":[17],"element":[21,26,50,122],"multiple-output":[24],"whose":[27],"number":[28,75,157,162],"``1''":[30],"'s":[31],"output":[34,46],"equal":[36],"to":[37,53,57,64,70,83,130],"that":[38,101,175],"corresponding":[40],"input,":[41],"and":[42,81,111,127,160],"fanout":[43],"each":[45],"terminal":[47],"restricted":[52],"one.":[54],"In":[55,96,165],"order":[56],"realize":[58,84],"some":[59],"functions,":[60],"it":[61,98,172],"necessary":[63,80],"use":[65],"generators":[67,77,159],"which":[68,78,153],"correspond":[69],"constant-supplying":[71],"First,":[73],"are":[79,142],"sufficient":[82],"an":[85,102],"arbitrary":[86,103],"obtained":[89],"for":[90],"a":[91,120,151],"given":[92],"set":[93],"particular,":[97],"shown":[100,174],"function":[104],"can":[105],"be":[106,131],"realized":[107,134],"IBelements":[110],"at":[112],"most":[113,180],"two":[114],"generators.":[115],"Since":[116],"IBelement":[118],"universal":[121],"in":[123],"above":[125],"sense":[126],"considered":[129],"rather":[132],"easily":[133],"interactions,":[138],"IBlogic":[140],"circuits":[141,178],"mainly":[143],"discussed.":[144],"The":[145],"IBminimum":[146],"circuit":[147,152,185],"defined":[148],"here":[149],"consists":[154],"minimum":[156,161,177],"IBelements.":[164],"last":[167],"half":[168],"this":[170],"paper,":[171],"have":[182],"characteristic":[184],"structure":[186],"called":[187],"``1-4":[188],"form.''":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}