{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1819485795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.1674622","title":"PAS-II: An Interactive Task-Free Version of an Automatic Protocol Analysis System","display_name":"PAS-II: An Interactive Task-Free Version of an Automatic Protocol Analysis System","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1819485795","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.1674622","mag":"1819485795"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.1976.1674622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.1674622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108374575","display_name":"Waterman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309849503","display_name":"RAND Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Waterman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rand Corporation","[RAND Corporation]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rand Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[RAND Corporation]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097636159","display_name":"Newell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Newell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Dept. of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108374575"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5691,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57870027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"C-25","issue":"4","first_page":"402","last_page":"413"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8075361251831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.6483780741691589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5678467154502869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol-analysis","display_name":"Protocol analysis","score":0.5475670695304871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5287472605705261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4591189920902252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.45099779963493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.44926026463508606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.4158455729484558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4024001657962799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.09375900030136108}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8075361251831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.6483780741691589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5678467154502869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133112747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251931","display_name":"Protocol analysis","level":2,"score":0.5475670695304871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5287472605705261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4591189920902252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.45099779963493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.44926026463508606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.4158455729484558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4024001657962799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.09375900030136108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.1976.1674622","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.1674622","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192322762","https://openalex.org/W610627478","https://openalex.org/W1522445996","https://openalex.org/W1541540802","https://openalex.org/W1544328856","https://openalex.org/W1584460546","https://openalex.org/W1967605669","https://openalex.org/W2053253502","https://openalex.org/W2095038656","https://openalex.org/W2114865569","https://openalex.org/W2154127513","https://openalex.org/W2333196491","https://openalex.org/W3023348153","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108120676","https://openalex.org/W2021615118","https://openalex.org/W2793293581","https://openalex.org/W2331831281","https://openalex.org/W2377894939","https://openalex.org/W1598832894","https://openalex.org/W2625717412","https://openalex.org/W2044612640","https://openalex.org/W1983480470","https://openalex.org/W2472500713"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PAS-II,":[0],"a":[1,6,19,34,42,50,54,75],"computer":[2],"program":[3,48],"which":[4],"represents":[5],"generalized":[7],"version":[8],"of":[9,46,56,68,74],"an":[10,66],"automatic":[11],"protocol":[12,78],"system":[13,26,69],"(PAS-I)":[14],"is":[15,18,49,79],"described.":[16],"PAS-II":[17,72],"task-free,":[20],"interactive,":[21],"modular":[22],"data":[23],"analysis":[24,73],"sis":[25],"for":[27],"inferring":[28],"the":[29,47,57,71],"information":[30],"processes":[31],"used":[32],"by":[33],"human":[35],"from":[36],"his":[37],"verbal":[38],"behavior":[39,52],"while":[40],"solving":[41],"problem.":[43],"The":[44],"output":[45],"problem":[51,63],"graph:":[53],"description":[55],"subject's":[58],"changing":[59],"knowledge":[60],"state":[61],"during":[62],"solving.":[64],"As":[65],"example":[67],"operation":[70],"short":[76],"cryptarithmetic":[77],"presented.":[80]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}