{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2028502019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.1674541","title":"The Effects-of Emerging Technology and Emulation Requirements on Microprogramming","display_name":"The Effects-of Emerging Technology and Emulation Requirements on Microprogramming","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2028502019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.1674541","mag":"2028502019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.1976.1674541","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.1674541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088548652","display_name":"Fuller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fuller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076791942","display_name":"Lesser","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lesser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105986573","display_name":"Bell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122731","display_name":"Digital Wave (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02t3fqk56","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122731"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Engineering and Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Engineering and Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122731"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107542069","display_name":"Kaman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122731","display_name":"Digital Wave (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02t3fqk56","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122731"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122731"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088548652"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98534799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"C-25","issue":"10","first_page":"1000","last_page":"1009"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.9392952919006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcode","display_name":"Microcode","score":0.8505300283432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.756293773651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.582942545413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.5352352857589722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4979374408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-emulation","display_name":"Hardware emulation","score":0.48158836364746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmable-logic-device","display_name":"Programmable logic device","score":0.4741620123386383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.4577578008174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4014776349067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.23504221439361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1544189751148224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08236575126647949}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.9392952919006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22174128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175869","display_name":"Microcode","level":2,"score":0.8505300283432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.756293773651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.582942545413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.5352352857589722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4979374408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94115699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5656406","display_name":"Hardware emulation","level":3,"score":0.48158836364746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206274596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063837","display_name":"Programmable logic device","level":2,"score":0.4741620123386383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4577578008174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4014776349067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.23504221439361572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1544189751148224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08236575126647949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.1976.1674541","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.1976.1674541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W74664762","https://openalex.org/W1594498566","https://openalex.org/W1964487888","https://openalex.org/W1978541611","https://openalex.org/W2004795456","https://openalex.org/W2033883996","https://openalex.org/W2041110543","https://openalex.org/W2057343856","https://openalex.org/W2082545206","https://openalex.org/W2120486514","https://openalex.org/W2127941074","https://openalex.org/W2130288521","https://openalex.org/W2169299054"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074755469","https://openalex.org/W2103996454","https://openalex.org/W231899216","https://openalex.org/W2129151116","https://openalex.org/W4321637082","https://openalex.org/W4283453734","https://openalex.org/W2103971078","https://openalex.org/W2122279357","https://openalex.org/W1561909715","https://openalex.org/W2028502019"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"structure":[1],"of":[2,11,17,20,26,37],"microprogrammed":[3],"processors":[4,31],"is":[5],"largely":[6],"determined":[7],"by":[8],"the":[9,15,18,24,35],"state":[10],"(semiconductor)":[12],"technology":[13],"and":[14,32,47],"requirements":[16],"task":[19],"emulation.":[21],"We":[22],"discuss":[23],"impact":[25],"LSI":[27,41],"components":[28],"on":[29],"microprogrammable":[30],"in":[33],"particular,":[34],"effect":[36],"large":[38],"memory":[39],"arrays,":[40,46],"microprocessors":[42],"(bit-slices),":[43],"programmable":[44],"logic":[45],"high-speed":[48],"shifters.":[49]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
