{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412404462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3588051","title":"AI-Driven Smart Sportswear for Real-Time Fitness Monitoring Using Textile Strain Sensors","display_name":"AI-Driven Smart Sportswear for Real-Time Fitness Monitoring Using Textile Strain Sensors","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412404462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3588051","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40658556"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2025.3588051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3588051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.08500","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025016835","display_name":"Chenyu Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6368-5639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chenyu Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, U.K","Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101339363","display_name":"Wentian Yi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentian Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, U.K","Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115596278","display_name":"Zibo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3685-9069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zibo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, U.K","Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026640581","display_name":"Edoardo Occhipinti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4691-9007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153355300","display_name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/056ffv270","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153355300"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edoardo Occhipinti","raw_affiliation_strings":["UKRI Centre for Doctoral Training in AI for Healthcare, Imperial College London, U.K","UKRI CDT in AI for Healthcare, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UKRI Centre for Doctoral Training in AI for Healthcare, Imperial College London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153355300"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UKRI CDT in AI for Healthcare, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153355300"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002930233","display_name":"Luigi G. Occhipinti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9067-2534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi G. Occhipinti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025016835"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.0826,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96589268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"2","first_page":"555","last_page":"565"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14139","display_name":"E-commerce and Technology Innovations","score":0.7904999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14139","display_name":"E-commerce and Technology Innovations","score":0.7904999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.755299985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.7085000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/textile","display_name":"Textile","score":0.5977759957313538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strain","display_name":"Strain (injury)","score":0.46649882197380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43415576219558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4096769392490387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3457716107368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.12968891859054565}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164767435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28823","display_name":"Textile","level":2,"score":0.5977759957313538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778022156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576145","display_name":"Strain (injury)","level":2,"score":0.46649882197380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43415576219558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4096769392490387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3457716107368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.12968891859054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013784","descriptor_name":"Textiles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013784","descriptor_name":"Textiles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013784","descriptor_name":"Textiles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2025.3588051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3588051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40658556","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40658556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2504.08500","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.08500","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.08500","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2504.08500","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.08500","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.08500","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2022634505","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W3193374793"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wearable":[0],"biosensors":[1],"have":[2],"revolutionized":[3],"human":[4],"performance":[5],"monitoring":[6],"by":[7],"enabling":[8],"real-time":[9,72],"assessment":[10],"of":[11,74],"physiological":[12],"and":[13,27,34,43,66,99,106,139],"biomechanical":[14],"parameters.":[15],"However,":[16],"existing":[17],"solutions":[18],"lack":[19],"the":[20,85,112],"ability":[21],"to":[22],"simultaneously":[23],"capture":[24],"breath-force":[25],"coordination":[26],"muscle":[28,101],"activation":[29],"symmetry":[30],"in":[31,40,134],"a":[32,48,67,126],"seamless":[33],"non-invasive":[35],"manner,":[36],"limiting":[37],"their":[38],"applicability":[39],"strength":[41],"training":[42],"rehabilitation.":[44],"This":[45],"work":[46],"presents":[47],"wearable":[49],"smart":[50],"sportswear":[51],"system":[52,86,124],"that":[53,111],"integrates":[54],"screen-printed":[55],"graphene-based":[56],"strain":[57],"sensors":[58],"with":[59,132],"compact":[60],"electronics":[61],"for":[62,71,82,128],"wireless":[63],"data":[64],"transfer":[65],"deep":[68],"learning":[69],"framework":[70],"classification":[73,89],"exercise":[75,93],"execution":[76],"quality.":[77],"By":[78],"leveraging":[79],"1D":[80],"ResNet-18":[81],"feature":[83],"extraction,":[84],"achieves":[87],"92.1%":[88],"accuracy":[90],"across":[91],"six":[92],"conditions,":[94],"distinguishing":[95],"between":[96],"breathing":[97],"irregularities":[98],"asymmetric":[100],"exertion.":[102],"Additionally,":[103],"t-SNE":[104],"analysis":[105],"Grad-CAM-based":[107],"explainability":[108],"visualization":[109],"confirm":[110],"network":[113],"accurately":[114],"captures":[115],"biomechanically":[116],"relevant":[117],"features,":[118],"ensuring":[119],"robust":[120],"interpretability.":[121],"The":[122],"proposed":[123],"establishes":[125],"foundation":[127],"next-generation":[129],"AI-powered":[130],"sportswear,":[131],"applications":[133],"fitness":[135],"optimization,":[136],"injury":[137],"prevention,":[138],"adaptive":[140],"rehabilitation":[141],"training.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T08:04:53.788161","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}