{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411725924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3584076","title":"In Vivo Demonstration of Deep Learning-Based Photoacoustic Visual Servoing System","display_name":"In Vivo Demonstration of Deep Learning-Based Photoacoustic Visual Servoing System","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411725924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3584076","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40577292"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2025.3584076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3584076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13066731/pdf/nihms-2133605.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021897202","display_name":"Mardava R. Gubbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8222-3571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mardava R. Gubbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8222-3571","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018039624","display_name":"Aravindan Kolandaivelu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-765X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aravindan Kolandaivelu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, USA","Division of Cardiology at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044891833","display_name":"Nethra Venkatayogi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nethra Venkatayogi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, USA","Department of Computer Science at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-5341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jiaxin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4514-925X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4514-925X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050676899","display_name":"Pankaj Warbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7800-6099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pankaj Warbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7800-6099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110939689","display_name":"G.S. Keene","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gareth C. Keene","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1942-3011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044745232","display_name":"Mawia Khairalseed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6245-461X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mawia Khairalseed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6245-461X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064886934","display_name":"Jonathan Chrispin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7985-3019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Chrispin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, USA","Division of Cardiology at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003188378","display_name":"Muyinatu A. Lediju Bell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8394-4482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muyinatu A. Lediju Bell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Department of Computer Science, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8394-4482","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Department of Computer Science, and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021897202"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1177,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86939517,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"1","first_page":"417","last_page":"431"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.9648000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10868","display_name":"Soft Robotics and Applications","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-servoing","display_name":"Visual servoing","score":0.8567529916763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoacoustic-imaging-in-biomedicine","display_name":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","score":0.7889829277992249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vivo","display_name":"In vivo","score":0.5524883270263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5242562294006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.495265394449234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.49381837248802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.46323248744010925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.42055729031562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3459530472755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2653854489326477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26036375761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1641780138015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.15928837656974792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.15687885880470276}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10912380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q527952","display_name":"Visual servoing","level":3,"score":0.8567529916763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54932901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187705","display_name":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","level":2,"score":0.7889829277992249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.5524883270263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5242562294006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.495265394449234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.49381837248802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.46323248744010925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.42055729031562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3459530472755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2653854489326477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26036375761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1641780138015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.15928837656974792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15687885880470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013552","descriptor_name":"Swine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061088","descriptor_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2025.3584076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3584076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40577292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40577292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13066731","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13066731/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13066731/pdf/nihms-2133605.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13066731","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13066731/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13066731/pdf/nihms-2133605.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1149560995","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21-EB025621","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2192533674","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 EB032358","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3326864172","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIH R01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5619919228","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2014088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6077823018","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IIS-2014088","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6671297155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAREER","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G681066976","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1751522","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8288036582","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIH R01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310145","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411725924.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4411725924.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W629875043","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1531532259","https://openalex.org/W1584308190","https://openalex.org/W1993267444","https://openalex.org/W2009088423","https://openalex.org/W2009179585","https://openalex.org/W2017913629","https://openalex.org/W2019173502","https://openalex.org/W2025823857","https://openalex.org/W2035393245","https://openalex.org/W2056016425","https://openalex.org/W2092304636","https://openalex.org/W2101077022","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2121517508","https://openalex.org/W2162473564","https://openalex.org/W2165259839","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2557728737","https://openalex.org/W2578284065","https://openalex.org/W2593238072","https://openalex.org/W2750096260","https://openalex.org/W2769782057","https://openalex.org/W2793141590","https://openalex.org/W2799460839","https://openalex.org/W2808910110","https://openalex.org/W2897110362","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2968439358","https://openalex.org/W2969207587","https://openalex.org/W2970053889","https://openalex.org/W2972099063","https://openalex.org/W3007619060","https://openalex.org/W3012817855","https://openalex.org/W3025326470","https://openalex.org/W3040033506","https://openalex.org/W3044384964","https://openalex.org/W3048997590","https://openalex.org/W3114479637","https://openalex.org/W3124656596","https://openalex.org/W3128809819","https://openalex.org/W3130578334","https://openalex.org/W3133707023","https://openalex.org/W3135991645","https://openalex.org/W3161135140","https://openalex.org/W3207399425","https://openalex.org/W3213634431","https://openalex.org/W4224278775","https://openalex.org/W4242738563","https://openalex.org/W4388466978","https://openalex.org/W4388636263","https://openalex.org/W4399284335","https://openalex.org/W4401330241","https://openalex.org/W4406959920","https://openalex.org/W4408666780","https://openalex.org/W4409683738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126852585","https://openalex.org/W2367086100","https://openalex.org/W2352270872","https://openalex.org/W1520171478","https://openalex.org/W2386520554","https://openalex.org/W3024380338","https://openalex.org/W4317830657","https://openalex.org/W2127866683","https://openalex.org/W2065095941","https://openalex.org/W110066474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"develop":[2],"the":[3,84,128,162,215],"first":[4],"known":[5],"deep":[6,175],"learning-based":[7,176],"photoacoustic":[8,177],"visual":[9,75,169,178],"servoing":[10,76,170,179],"system":[11,158,180,213],"utilizing":[12],"point":[13,150],"source":[14,151],"localization":[15,38,82,186],"and":[16,63,90,94,124,140,147,223,232],"hybrid":[17,40,155],"position-force":[18,41,156],"control":[19,42,157],"to":[20,43,217],"track":[21,218],"catheter":[22,49,86,110,219],"tips":[23,50,111,227],"in":[24,27,59,66,68,71,73,88,95,107,121,127,129,228],"three":[25],"dimensions":[26],"real-time.":[28],"METHODS:":[29],"We":[30],"integrated":[31],"either":[32],"object":[33,145],"detection":[34,103],"or":[35],"instance":[36,148,199],"segmentation-based":[37,149],"with":[39,114,144,161,188],"create":[44],"our":[45,211],"novel":[46,174,212],"system.":[47],"Cardiac":[48],"were":[51,112,136],"then":[52],"tracked":[53,113],"across":[54],"distances":[55],"of":[56,92,167],"40":[57],"mm":[58,65,120,126],"a":[60],"plastisol":[61],"phantom":[62,93,122],"25-64":[64],"an":[67],"vivo":[69,96,130],"swine":[70],"real-time":[72,196,229],"nine":[74],"trials":[77,123],"total.":[78],"RESULTS:":[79],"Object":[80,184],"detection-based":[81,146,185],"identified":[83],"cardiac":[85],"tip":[87],"88.0-91.7%":[89],"66.7-70.4%":[91],"channel":[97],"data":[98],"frames,":[99],"respectively.":[100,153],"Instance":[101],"segmentation":[102,200],"rates":[104],"ranged":[105],"86.4-100.0%":[106],"vivo.":[108],"These":[109],"errors":[115],"as":[116,118],"low":[117],"0.5":[119],"0.8":[125],"trials.":[131],"The":[132,154],"mean":[133],"inference":[134,189],"times":[135,190],"$\\geq$":[137,141],"145.3":[138],"ms":[139,143],"516.3":[142],"localization,":[152],"enabled":[159],"contact":[160],"imaging":[163],"surface":[164],"during":[165,230],"$\\geq$99.43%":[166],"each":[168],"trial.":[171],"CONCLUSION:":[172],"Our":[173],"was":[181],"successfully":[182],"demonstrated.":[183],"operated":[187],"that":[191],"are":[192],"more":[193],"suitable":[194],"for":[195],"implementations":[197],"while":[198],"had":[201],"lower":[202],"tracking":[203],"errors.":[204],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[205],"After":[206],"implementing":[207],"suggested":[208],"optimization":[209],"modifications,":[210],"has":[214],"potential":[216],"tips,":[220,222],"needle":[221],"other":[224],"surgical":[225,231],"tool":[226],"interventional":[233],"procedures.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-24T08:33:08.758527","created_date":"2025-06-28T00:00:00"}
