{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411446609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3581537","title":"A Negative Impedance Converter Design to Enhance Capacitive Conduction Through a Neurostimulator Electrode Interface","display_name":"A Negative Impedance Converter Design to Enhance Capacitive Conduction Through a Neurostimulator Electrode Interface","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411446609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3581537","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40536864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2025.3581537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3581537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001991948","display_name":"Ege Iseri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7440-7258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ege Iseri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7440-7258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067301220","display_name":"Manjunath Machnoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2385-1209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133647","display_name":"Southern California Institute for Research and Education","ror":"https://ror.org/0431mgz06","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133647"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manjunath Machnoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, USA","Institute for Technology and Medical Systems at the University of Southern California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2385-1209","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133647"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Technology and Medical Systems at the University of Southern California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Thanh D. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-3471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133647","display_name":"Southern California Institute for Research and Education","ror":"https://ror.org/0431mgz06","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133647"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thanh D. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, USA","Institute for Technology and Medical Systems at the University of Southern California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-3471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133647"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Technology and Medical Systems at the University of Southern California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082629955","display_name":"Constantine Sideris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3042-4889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800817003","display_name":"California Southern University","ror":"https://ror.org/058zz0t50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I903300897","display_name":"Southern States University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b0j0m34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I903300897"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Constantine Sideris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the University of Southern California, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3042-4889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the University of Southern California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800817003","https://openalex.org/I903300897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052141060","display_name":"Kimberly K. Gokoffski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-0296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly K. Gokoffski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, USA","Department of Ophthalmology and the Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-0296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and the Institute for Technology and Medical Systems, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044898858","display_name":"Gianluca Lazzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6365-7283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianluca Lazzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Technology and Medical Systems at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6365-7283","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Institute for Technology and Medical Systems at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5072,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60941163,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"73","issue":"1","first_page":"322","last_page":"332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.817799985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.817799985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12789","display_name":"Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation","score":0.13689999282360077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitive-sensing","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","score":0.5621293187141418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.494214802980423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.45642775297164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.44777366518974304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4315795302391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheobase","display_name":"Rheobase","score":0.41594797372817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34280824661254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20945340394973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.20247137546539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.17486801743507385}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206755178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131271","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","level":2,"score":0.5621293187141418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.494214802980423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.45642775297164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.44777366518974304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4315795302391052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77231231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1775655","display_name":"Rheobase","level":3,"score":0.41594797372817993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34280824661254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20945340394973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20247137546539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.17486801743507385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004599","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004599","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025802","descriptor_name":"Electric Capacitance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025802","descriptor_name":"Electric Capacitance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058542","descriptor_name":"Implantable Neurostimulators","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058542","descriptor_name":"Implantable Neurostimulators","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2025.3581537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2025.3581537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40536864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40536864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.75}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3960863865","display_name":"GCR: Reprogramming Biological Neural Networks with Field-Based Engineered Systems","funder_award_id":"2121164","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506705145","https://openalex.org/W1567954926","https://openalex.org/W1944942801","https://openalex.org/W1964722702","https://openalex.org/W1986268378","https://openalex.org/W1996163687","https://openalex.org/W1998065185","https://openalex.org/W2007172258","https://openalex.org/W2011315301","https://openalex.org/W2014316686","https://openalex.org/W2029857728","https://openalex.org/W2047365884","https://openalex.org/W2051889964","https://openalex.org/W2065078082","https://openalex.org/W2067254323","https://openalex.org/W2069204403","https://openalex.org/W2080518986","https://openalex.org/W2094978156","https://openalex.org/W2096973815","https://openalex.org/W2101656718","https://openalex.org/W2101703166","https://openalex.org/W2113543354","https://openalex.org/W2126203685","https://openalex.org/W2133613397","https://openalex.org/W2135871626","https://openalex.org/W2141703698","https://openalex.org/W2153787766","https://openalex.org/W2157157023","https://openalex.org/W2163249008","https://openalex.org/W2164622193","https://openalex.org/W2548075340","https://openalex.org/W2763138956","https://openalex.org/W2768469890","https://openalex.org/W2804635113","https://openalex.org/W2900780931","https://openalex.org/W2905487564","https://openalex.org/W2917203101","https://openalex.org/W2971144871","https://openalex.org/W3015706540","https://openalex.org/W3037182062","https://openalex.org/W4229011820","https://openalex.org/W4239305457","https://openalex.org/W4295123539","https://openalex.org/W4385802101","https://openalex.org/W4406200739"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062363695","https://openalex.org/W2892516429","https://openalex.org/W2034191086","https://openalex.org/W2140183904","https://openalex.org/W2418577976","https://openalex.org/W4385252564","https://openalex.org/W4361248318","https://openalex.org/W2036596623","https://openalex.org/W329359484","https://openalex.org/W4241196849"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"With":[1],"the":[2,66,79,92,101,109,113,142,148,165,169,173,196],"growing":[3],"interest":[4],"in":[5,31,104,138,157,179,228],"electric":[6,34,236],"field-induced":[7],"neuromodulation":[8],"for":[9,19,239],"clinical":[10,41,229],"applications,":[11],"optimizing":[12],"circuitry":[13],"and":[14,28,95],"stimulation":[15,46,143],"parameters":[16],"is":[17,220],"crucial":[18],"effective":[20],"therapy.":[21],"Studies":[22],"have":[23],"shown":[24],"successful":[25],"neuroregeneration,":[26],"neuroprotection,":[27],"neuronal":[29],"activation":[30],"vitro":[32],"when":[33],"fields":[35],"exceed":[36],"a":[37,75,86,105,120,160,201,221,234],"certain":[38],"threshold.":[39],"However,":[40],"translation":[42],"remains":[43],"challenging,":[44],"as":[45],"amplitudes":[47],"are":[48,136],"often":[49],"constrained":[50],"by":[51,84,140],"patient":[52,242],"tolerance.":[53],"Strategies":[54],"that":[55,186],"enhance":[56],"charge":[57,126,193,207],"delivery":[58],"per":[59],"phase":[60,116],"within":[61,129,195],"safety":[62],"limits":[63],"can":[64,123,244],"improve":[65,245],"efficacy":[67],"of":[68,108,145,168,200],"these":[69],"techniques.":[70],"APPROACH:":[71],"This":[72],"paper":[73],"presents":[74],"method":[76],"to":[77,90,99,224],"reduce":[78,100],"electrode-tissue":[80],"interface":[81],"time":[82,166],"constant":[83,167],"incorporating":[85],"negative":[87],"resistance":[88,94],"circuit":[89,98,134],"lower":[91],"series":[93,158],"an":[96],"RC":[97],"equivalent":[102],"capacitance":[103],"Thevenin":[106],"model":[107],"interface.":[110],"By":[111],"targeting":[112],"capacitive":[114,206],"conduction":[115],"with":[117,159,217],"higher":[118,177],"amplitudes,":[119],"voltage-controlled":[121,215],"stimulator":[122,162],"deliver":[124],"greater":[125,192],"while":[127],"remaining":[128],"tolerance":[130,144,243],"limits.":[131],"The":[132,153],"proposed":[133,154],"models":[135],"validated":[137],"vivo":[139,183],"assessing":[141],"rats":[146],"at":[147],"optic":[149],"nerve.":[150],"MAIN":[151],"RESULTS:":[152],"circuits":[155,219],"connected":[156],"two-electrode":[161],"effectively":[163],"reduced":[164],"current":[170],"waveform,":[171],"shifting":[172],"magnitude":[174],"response":[175],"toward":[176],"frequencies":[178],"Bode":[180],"analysis.":[181],"In":[182],"experiments":[184],"confirmed":[185],"animals":[187],"tolerated,":[188],"on":[189],"average,":[190],"20%":[191],"injection":[194],"first":[197],"200":[198],"$\\mu$s":[199],"rectangular":[202],"pulse-the":[203],"interval":[204],"where":[205],"transfer":[208],"dominates":[209],"over":[210],"faradaic":[211],"processes.":[212],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[213],"Enhancing":[214],"neurostimulators":[216],"external":[218],"promising":[222],"approach":[223],"overcoming":[225],"amplitude":[226,238],"limitations":[227],"neurostimulation.":[230],"As":[231],"electrotherapy":[232],"requires":[233],"minimum":[235],"field":[237],"efficacy,":[240],"increasing":[241],"treatment":[246],"success":[247],"rates.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
