{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403390811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3479938","title":"Experimental and Simulative Characterization of a Hybrid Magnetic Array for Steering Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles in Drug Targeting","display_name":"Experimental and Simulative Characterization of a Hybrid Magnetic Array for Steering Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles in Drug Targeting","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403390811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3479938","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39401110"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2024.3479938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3479938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057130713","display_name":"Angelika Thalmayer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6681-5497"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelika S. Thalmayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6681-5497","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lucas Fink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3629-6740"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Fink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3629-6740","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063161060","display_name":"Georg Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-2005"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georg Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-2005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Smart Electronics and Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit&#x00E4;t Erlangen-N&#x00FC;rnberg (FAU), Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2474,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48266402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"72","issue":"3","first_page":"940","last_page":"952"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.7364000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.7364000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12405","display_name":"Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles","score":0.05660000070929527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.04280000180006027,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superparamagnetism","display_name":"Superparamagnetism","score":0.7634873390197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.6371679306030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle","display_name":"Nanoparticle","score":0.6239888072013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-nanoparticles","display_name":"Magnetic nanoparticles","score":0.6185570359230042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6106768250465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.5282360911369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomagnetism","display_name":"Biomagnetism","score":0.49326246976852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.1737682819366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1191059947013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization","display_name":"Magnetization","score":0.09636190533638}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23792430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122780","display_name":"Superparamagnetism","level":4,"score":0.7634873390197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.6371679306030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.6239888072013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87023908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3870166","display_name":"Magnetic nanoparticles","level":3,"score":0.6185570359230042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6106768250465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5282360911369324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78902741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915071","display_name":"Biomagnetism","level":3,"score":0.49326246976852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.1737682819366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1191059947013855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.09636190533638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016503","descriptor_name":"Drug Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058185","descriptor_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058185","descriptor_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058185","descriptor_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058185","descriptor_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058185","descriptor_name":"Magnetite Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060526","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Fields","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2024.3479938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3479938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39401110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39401110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4281694788","display_name":"GRK 2950: Synthetische molekulare Kommunikation \u00fcber unterschiedliche Gr\u00f6\u00dfenordnungen: Von der Theorie bis zu Experimenten","funder_award_id":"509922606","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982116701","https://openalex.org/W2037914844","https://openalex.org/W2054579949","https://openalex.org/W2056718669","https://openalex.org/W2168760258","https://openalex.org/W2195661116","https://openalex.org/W2344949123","https://openalex.org/W2397405457","https://openalex.org/W2790105418","https://openalex.org/W2804108970","https://openalex.org/W2903693938","https://openalex.org/W2926277738","https://openalex.org/W2949673699","https://openalex.org/W2990574737","https://openalex.org/W2995242967","https://openalex.org/W3010311208","https://openalex.org/W3033331179","https://openalex.org/W3121669491","https://openalex.org/W3138693357","https://openalex.org/W3159974588","https://openalex.org/W3167595038","https://openalex.org/W3168163326","https://openalex.org/W3171895409","https://openalex.org/W3175659141","https://openalex.org/W3183255959","https://openalex.org/W3186093382","https://openalex.org/W3207362576","https://openalex.org/W3212062306","https://openalex.org/W3212961435","https://openalex.org/W3213510517","https://openalex.org/W4200465404","https://openalex.org/W4206725498","https://openalex.org/W4206773064","https://openalex.org/W4210903958","https://openalex.org/W4213305254","https://openalex.org/W4214889770","https://openalex.org/W4283267807","https://openalex.org/W4285504848","https://openalex.org/W4294218569","https://openalex.org/W4294218656","https://openalex.org/W4296079391","https://openalex.org/W4307349903","https://openalex.org/W4310809962","https://openalex.org/W4312065614","https://openalex.org/W4313151506","https://openalex.org/W4316660858","https://openalex.org/W4328130045","https://openalex.org/W4362471035","https://openalex.org/W4362520124","https://openalex.org/W4366548977","https://openalex.org/W4382178129","https://openalex.org/W4382983135","https://openalex.org/W4384916944","https://openalex.org/W4385482599","https://openalex.org/W4386925185","https://openalex.org/W4388293737","https://openalex.org/W4389101784","https://openalex.org/W4389105062","https://openalex.org/W4389665394","https://openalex.org/W4391254063"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018087172","https://openalex.org/W2004147709","https://openalex.org/W2137351939","https://openalex.org/W1975061774","https://openalex.org/W2043760478","https://openalex.org/W1976493405","https://openalex.org/W2165192704","https://openalex.org/W1542315765","https://openalex.org/W2076888466","https://openalex.org/W2132575601"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Adjustable":[1],"magnetic":[2,10,24,52,79,105,124,129,180,190],"fields":[3],"are":[4],"essential":[5],"for":[6,127,243],"precisely":[7],"steering":[8,128],"drug-loaded":[9],"nanoparticles":[11,130],"in":[12,71,131,139,146],"cancer":[13],"therapy.":[14],"Since":[15],"electromagnets":[16,33,64],"require":[17],"high":[18],"currents":[19],"to":[20,46,99,153],"achieve":[21],"a":[22,29,66,72,123,132,147,213],"strong":[23,49],"force,":[25],"this":[26,117,164],"paper":[27,121],"presents":[28],"new":[30],"approach":[31],"combining":[32],"and":[34,50,57,74,144,170,187,229],"permanent":[35,55,110,193,227],"magnets.":[36,111],"OBJECTIVE:":[37],"The":[38,135,220],"basic":[39],"idea":[40],"of":[41,54,63,77,166,192,202,226],"the":[42,48,61,78,87,92,103,109,114,119,156,168,179,185,189,200,207,224,232,245],"hybrid":[43,125],"array":[44,126,136],"is":[45,118,182,238,241],"use":[47],"low-cost":[51],"field":[53,62,191,201],"magnets":[56,194,228],"superimpose":[58],"them":[59],"with":[60],"via":[65,184],"Halbach":[67],"arrangement.":[68],"This":[69],"results":[70,172],"constructive":[73],"destructive":[75],"superposition":[76],"field,":[80],"which":[81,240],"can":[82,95,195],"easily":[83],"be":[84,96,196],"reversed":[85],"by":[86,198,206],"applied":[88],"current's":[89,93],"direction.":[90],"Moreover,":[91],"magnitude":[94],"reduced":[97],"dramatically":[98],"2":[100],"A,":[101],"as":[102],"primary":[104],"flux":[106],"comes":[107],"from":[108],"METHODS:":[112],"To":[113],"authors'":[115],"knowledge,":[116],"first":[120],"proposing":[122],"velocity":[133],"flow.":[134],"was":[137,159,176],"validated":[138],"simulations":[140],"using":[141],"COMSOL":[142],"Multiphysics":[143],"measurements":[145],"tube":[148],"flow":[149],"system.":[150],"In":[151,163],"contrast":[152],"state-of-the-art":[154],"publications,":[155],"particle":[157,208,217],"distribution":[158],"determined":[160],"quantitatively.":[161],"RESULTS:":[162],"proof":[165],"concept,":[167],"simulation":[169],"measurement":[171],"fit":[173],"well.":[174],"It":[175],"demonstrated":[177],"that":[178,188,235],"force":[181],"adjustable":[183],"current":[186],"eliminated":[197],"superimposing":[199],"electromagnets,":[203],"also":[204],"indicated":[205],"distribution.":[209,218],"Furthermore,":[210],"gravitation":[211],"has":[212],"significant":[214],"influence":[215],"on":[216],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[219],"proposed":[221],"system":[222],"combines":[223],"advantages":[225],"electromagnets.":[230],"Hence,":[231],"induced":[233],"heat":[234],"damages":[236],"tissue":[237],"decreased,":[239],"crucial":[242],"bringing":[244],"setup":[246],"into":[247],"clinical":[248],"treatments.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-10T07:06:39.071514","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
