{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390956599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3355296","title":"Automated Whole Slide Imaging for Label-Free Histology Using Photon Absorption Remote Sensing Microscopy","display_name":"Automated Whole Slide Imaging for Label-Free Histology Using Photon Absorption Remote Sensing Microscopy","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390956599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3355296","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38231822"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2024.3355296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3355296","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/10/4359967/10402036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/10/4359967/10402036.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047636970","display_name":"James E. D. Tweel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0410-0048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James E.D. Tweel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photomedicine Labs, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0410-0048","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photomedicine Labs, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001620837","display_name":"Benjamin R. Ecclestone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-8161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin R. Ecclestone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photomedicine Labs, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1726-8161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photomedicine Labs, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084441234","display_name":"Marian Boktor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6973-5115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marian Boktor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photomedicine Labs (PML), Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6973-5115","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photomedicine Labs (PML), Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073726500","display_name":"Deepak Dinakaran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-8706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802362269","display_name":"Health Sciences Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05pr37258","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110535807","https://openalex.org/I2802362269"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Dinakaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-8706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I2802362269","https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032920417","display_name":"John R. Mackey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3489-2161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092994","display_name":"Illumisonics (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/00e6aar40","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092994"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John R. Mackey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Illumisonics Inc., Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illumisonics Inc., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092994"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026565997","display_name":"Parsin Haji Reza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-6244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parsin Haji Reza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Photomedicine Labs, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-6244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Photomedicine Labs, Systems Design Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047636970"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2748,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9564004,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"6","first_page":"1901","last_page":"1912"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.35120001435279846,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.35120001435279846,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11897","display_name":"Digital Holography and Microscopy","score":0.11999999731779099,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":0.07360000163316727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microscopy","display_name":"Microscopy","score":0.6925172805786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorption","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","score":0.6143218874931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5356068015098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-photon-excitation-microscopy","display_name":"Two-photon excitation microscopy","score":0.4812778830528259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-imaging","display_name":"Optical imaging","score":0.45345354080200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4429028630256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.4341033101081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.38686907291412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3836223781108856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.33883047103881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3164852261543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2033844292163849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18770870566368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence","display_name":"Fluorescence","score":0.16542211174964905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.147354394197464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10624930262565613}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074953","display_name":"Microscopy","level":2,"score":0.6925172805786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.6143218874931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5356068015098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47785574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373859","display_name":"Two-photon excitation microscopy","level":3,"score":0.4812778830528259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92630104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115103","display_name":"Optical imaging","level":2,"score":0.45345354080200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4429028630256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.4341033101081848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38686907291412354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3836223781108856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.33883047103881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3164852261543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2033844292163849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18770870566368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.16542211174964905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.147354394197464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10624930262565613}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012867","descriptor_name":"Skin","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012878","descriptor_name":"Skin Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017785","descriptor_name":"Photons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058998","descriptor_name":"Remote Sensing Technology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2024.3355296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3355296","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/10/4359967/10402036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38231822","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38231822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2024.3355296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2024.3355296","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/10/4359967/10402036.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3461515363","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN2019-06134","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4579961650","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IT13594","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322675","funder_display_name":"Mitacs"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5296826794","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"38000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319952","funder_display_name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6058135383","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DH-2023-00371","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6600903723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGECR-2019-00143","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6894247765","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CIHR PJT 185984","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","funder_display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319952","display_name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/000az4664"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322675","display_name":"Mitacs","ror":"https://ror.org/00cjrc276"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322676","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01gavpb45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337231","display_name":"Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390956599.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390956599.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483952223","https://openalex.org/W1486131515","https://openalex.org/W1544510740","https://openalex.org/W1599618819","https://openalex.org/W1934742112","https://openalex.org/W1975767702","https://openalex.org/W2019520586","https://openalex.org/W2021458530","https://openalex.org/W2041027688","https://openalex.org/W2055129569","https://openalex.org/W2058187222","https://openalex.org/W2059199179","https://openalex.org/W2064520336","https://openalex.org/W2065522317","https://openalex.org/W2072692505","https://openalex.org/W2074674409","https://openalex.org/W2097683070","https://openalex.org/W2108576479","https://openalex.org/W2121906317","https://openalex.org/W2127261116","https://openalex.org/W2132365860","https://openalex.org/W2143469673","https://openalex.org/W2149273372","https://openalex.org/W2156689483","https://openalex.org/W2160992834","https://openalex.org/W2168056522","https://openalex.org/W2308770204","https://openalex.org/W2407448655","https://openalex.org/W2587305359","https://openalex.org/W2621047161","https://openalex.org/W2753561025","https://openalex.org/W2805533175","https://openalex.org/W2806530968","https://openalex.org/W2884160046","https://openalex.org/W2887017499","https://openalex.org/W2957332123","https://openalex.org/W2973274037","https://openalex.org/W2991254939","https://openalex.org/W3002164240","https://openalex.org/W3004659673","https://openalex.org/W3015979632","https://openalex.org/W3044946220","https://openalex.org/W3083584224","https://openalex.org/W3091476980","https://openalex.org/W3092963230","https://openalex.org/W3094855811","https://openalex.org/W3098491829","https://openalex.org/W3104250195","https://openalex.org/W3150912815","https://openalex.org/W3160261825","https://openalex.org/W3165430306","https://openalex.org/W3165552662","https://openalex.org/W3184957145","https://openalex.org/W3193811394","https://openalex.org/W4200463757","https://openalex.org/W4225985635","https://openalex.org/W4239015098","https://openalex.org/W4280523981","https://openalex.org/W4281258553","https://openalex.org/W4283074486","https://openalex.org/W4296293035","https://openalex.org/W4297014982","https://openalex.org/W4321369850","https://openalex.org/W4323037718","https://openalex.org/W4387015870","https://openalex.org/W4388407422"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318391750","https://openalex.org/W2386190268","https://openalex.org/W4244013499","https://openalex.org/W1828367075","https://openalex.org/W2460366041","https://openalex.org/W2157527564","https://openalex.org/W4241983684","https://openalex.org/W2468512301","https://openalex.org/W4226246485","https://openalex.org/W1977568660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Pathologists":[1],"rely":[2],"on":[3,39],"histochemical":[4],"stains":[5,43],"to":[6,34,48,93],"impart":[7],"contrast":[8,110],"in":[9,143,157,182],"thin":[10],"translucent":[11],"tissue":[12,15,51,82,114],"samples,":[13],"revealing":[14],"features":[16,184],"necessary":[17],"for":[18,67,202,216],"identifying":[19],"pathological":[20],"conditions.":[21],"However,":[22],"the":[23,40,49,85,89,95],"chemical":[24],"labeling":[25],"process":[26],"is":[27,212],"destructive":[28],"and":[29,75,120,131,147,160,163,185,198,205],"often":[30],"irreversible":[31],"or":[32],"challenging":[33],"undo,":[35],"imposing":[36],"practical":[37],"limits":[38],"number":[41],"of":[42,153,168],"that":[44],"can":[45],"be":[46],"applied":[47],"same":[50],"section.":[52],"Here":[53],"we":[54],"present":[55],"an":[56,169],"automated":[57],"label-free":[58,218],"whole":[59],"slide":[60,100],"scanner":[61],"using":[62,84,107],"a":[63,108,213],"PARS":[64,90,135,159,171,189],"microscope":[65],"designed":[66],"imaging":[68],"thin,":[69],"transmissible":[70],"samples.":[71,149],"METHODS:":[72],"Peak":[73],"SNR":[74],"in-focus":[76],"acquisitions":[77],"are":[78,103,116,129,137,191],"achieved":[79],"across":[80],"entire":[81,170],"sections":[83,115],"scattering":[86],"signal":[87],"from":[88,126,176],"detection":[91],"beam":[92],"measure":[94],"optimal":[96],"focal":[97],"plane.":[98],"Whole":[99],"images":[101],"(WSI)":[102],"seamlessly":[104],"stitched":[105],"together":[106],"custom":[109],"leveling":[111],"algorithm.":[112],"Identical":[113],"subsequently":[117],"H&E":[118,161,166],"stained":[119],"brightfield":[121],"imaged.":[122],"The":[123,173],"one-to-one":[124,174],"WSIs":[125,136,162,190],"both":[127,158,177],"modalities":[128,178],"visually":[130],"quantitatively":[132],"compared.":[133],"RESULTS:":[134],"presented":[138],"at":[139],"standard":[140,222],"40x":[141],"magnification":[142],"malignant":[144],"human":[145],"breast":[146],"skin":[148],"We":[150],"show":[151,179],"correspondence":[152],"subcellular":[154],"diagnostic":[155],"details":[156],"demonstrate":[164],"virtual":[165],"staining":[167,207],"WSI.":[172],"WSI":[175],"quantitative":[180],"similarity":[181],"nuclear":[183],"structural":[186],"information.":[187],"CONCLUSION:":[188],"compatible":[192],"with":[193],"existing":[194],"digital":[195],"pathology":[196],"tools,":[197],"samples":[199],"remain":[200],"suitable":[201],"histochemical,":[203],"immunohistochemical,":[204],"other":[206],"techniques.":[208],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[209],"This":[210],"work":[211],"critical":[214],"advance":[215],"integrating":[217],"optical":[219],"methods":[220],"into":[221],"histopathology":[223],"workflows.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}