{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388726811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2023.3333327","title":"Deep Source Semi-Supervised Transfer Learning (DS3TL) for Cross-Subject EEG Classification","display_name":"Deep Source Semi-Supervised Transfer Learning (DS3TL) for Cross-Subject EEG Classification","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388726811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2023.3333327","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37971908"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2023.3333327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2023.3333327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100765608","display_name":"Xue Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xue Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China","Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1378-1315","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037057961","display_name":"Lubin Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-4292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lubin Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China","Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-4292","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389380","display_name":"Ziwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1324-2298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China","Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1324-2298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008740867","display_name":"Dongrui Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7153-9703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongrui Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7153-9703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100765608"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0579,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87012422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"4","first_page":"1308","last_page":"1318"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7739014625549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.7385952472686768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7341827750205994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6970106363296509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5825678110122681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.5753645896911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5463172197341919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labeled-data","display_name":"Labeled data","score":0.4510197639465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4451700448989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4243721663951874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3953101634979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07658717036247253}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7739014625549316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.7385952472686768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7341827750205994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6970106363296509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5825678110122681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.5753645896911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5463172197341919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30673951","display_name":"Labeled data","level":2,"score":0.4510197639465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4451700448989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4243721663951874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3953101634979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07658717036247253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003514","descriptor_name":"Cyclohexylamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003514","descriptor_name":"Cyclohexylamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003514","descriptor_name":"Cyclohexylamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003514","descriptor_name":"Cyclohexylamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003514","descriptor_name":"Cyclohexylamines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007192","descriptor_name":"Indenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007192","descriptor_name":"Indenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007192","descriptor_name":"Indenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007192","descriptor_name":"Indenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007192","descriptor_name":"Indenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2023.3333327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2023.3333327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37971908","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37971908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59945300","https://openalex.org/W1479807131","https://openalex.org/W1947251450","https://openalex.org/W2025252425","https://openalex.org/W2103014813","https://openalex.org/W2119163516","https://openalex.org/W2128909182","https://openalex.org/W2140413964","https://openalex.org/W2164943005","https://openalex.org/W2549437649","https://openalex.org/W2559463885","https://openalex.org/W2741907166","https://openalex.org/W2750599140","https://openalex.org/W2769043698","https://openalex.org/W2794345050","https://openalex.org/W2798991696","https://openalex.org/W2804957865","https://openalex.org/W2900672720","https://openalex.org/W2918225995","https://openalex.org/W2964159205","https://openalex.org/W2979509742","https://openalex.org/W2994996873","https://openalex.org/W2999575688","https://openalex.org/W3035160371","https://openalex.org/W3035524453","https://openalex.org/W3091002423","https://openalex.org/W3101658985","https://openalex.org/W3102455230","https://openalex.org/W3104324110","https://openalex.org/W3109093849","https://openalex.org/W3131225866","https://openalex.org/W3209458476","https://openalex.org/W4210997624","https://openalex.org/W4221162144","https://openalex.org/W4224307534","https://openalex.org/W4225724279","https://openalex.org/W4285114443","https://openalex.org/W4297808394","https://openalex.org/W4312421335","https://openalex.org/W4378804858","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6685562342","https://openalex.org/W6695676441","https://openalex.org/W6733814495","https://openalex.org/W6745136726","https://openalex.org/W6749396741","https://openalex.org/W6762913911","https://openalex.org/W6764051988","https://openalex.org/W6773005947","https://openalex.org/W6776700526","https://openalex.org/W6844194202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3021676282","https://openalex.org/W3008176773","https://openalex.org/W3204418343","https://openalex.org/W4292388283","https://openalex.org/W1560624709","https://openalex.org/W4318813552","https://openalex.org/W2576964996","https://openalex.org/W3214142563","https://openalex.org/W3166286441","https://openalex.org/W4221162086"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"An":[1],"electroencephalogram":[2],"(EEG)":[3],"based":[4],"brain-computer":[5],"interface":[6],"(BCI)":[7],"maps":[8],"the":[9,56,60,66,90,113,154,158,162,165,173,208,220,228],"user's":[10],"EEG":[11,25,33,39,99,110,183],"signals":[12],"into":[13],"commands":[14],"for":[15,71,85,143,232],"external":[16],"device":[17],"control.":[18],"Usually":[19],"a":[20,31,72,94,102,121,125,130,192],"large":[21,103],"amount":[22,67],"of":[23,68,97,105,157,164,211],"labeled":[24,38,69,98,159,199,212],"trials":[26,100,111],"are":[27,116],"required":[28],"to":[29,54,64],"train":[30],"reliable":[32],"recognition":[34],"model.":[35],"However,":[36],"acquiring":[37],"data":[40,58,70,160,231],"is":[41,219],"time-consuming":[42],"and":[43,48,59,101,129,140,161,202],"user-unfriendly.":[44],"Semi-supervised":[45],"learning":[46,50,83,151,194],"(SSL)":[47],"transfer":[49,82],"can":[51],"be":[52],"used":[53],"exploit":[55],"unlabeled":[57,106,166,229],"auxiliary":[61],"data,":[62,201],"respectively,":[63],"reduce":[65],"new":[73],"subject.":[74],"METHODS:":[75],"This":[76],"paper":[77],"proposes":[78],"deep":[79],"source":[80,91,230],"semi-supervised":[81],"(DS3TL)":[84],"EEG-based":[86,224],"BCIs,":[87],"which":[88],"assumes":[89],"subject":[92,115],"has":[93],"small":[95],"number":[96,104,210],"ones,":[107],"whereas":[108],"all":[109],"from":[112,185],"target":[114,235],"unlabeled.":[117],"DS3TL":[118,190],"mainly":[119],"includes":[120],"hybrid":[122,135],"SSL":[123,136,205],"module,":[124,128],"weakly-supervised":[126,146],"contrastive":[127,147,150],"domain":[131,169],"adaptation":[132,170],"module.":[133],"The":[134,145,168],"module":[137,148,171],"integrates":[138],"pseudo-labeling":[139],"consistency":[141],"regularization":[142],"SSL.":[144],"performs":[149],"by":[152,176],"using":[153],"true":[155],"labels":[156],"pseudo-labels":[163],"data.":[167,213],"reduces":[172],"individual":[174],"differences":[175],"uncertainty":[177],"reduction.":[178],"RESULTS:":[179],"Experiments":[180],"on":[181],"three":[182],"datasets":[184],"different":[186],"tasks":[187],"demonstrated":[188],"that":[189,226],"outperformed":[191],"supervised":[193],"baseline":[195],"with":[196,207],"many":[197],"more":[198,233],"training":[200],"multiple":[203],"state-of-the-art":[204],"approaches":[206],"same":[209],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[214],"To":[215],"our":[216],"knowledge,":[217],"this":[218],"first":[221],"approach":[222],"in":[223],"BCIs":[225],"exploits":[227],"accurate":[234],"classifier":[236],"training.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
