{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308367953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2022.3219863","title":"Performance of a Convolutional Neural Network Derived From PPG Signal in Classifying Sleep Stages","display_name":"Performance of a Convolutional Neural Network Derived From PPG Signal in Classifying Sleep Stages","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308367953","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2022.3219863","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36342994"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2022.3219863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2022.3219863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Performance_of_a_Convolutional_Neural_Network_Derived_from_PPG_Signal_in_Classifying_Sleep_Stages/21590079","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019483138","display_name":"Ahsan Habib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1523-4251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahsan Habib","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1523-4251","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084766876","display_name":"Mohammod Abdul Motin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1618-3772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17477748","display_name":"Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049ysg747","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17477748"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammod Abdul Motin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1618-3772","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17477748"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058492122","display_name":"Thomas Penzel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4304-0112"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Penzel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Sleep Medicine Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4304-0112","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Sleep Medicine Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080554686","display_name":"Marimuthu Palaniswami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-4252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marimuthu Palaniswami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-4252","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048317892","display_name":"John Yearwood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7562-6767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Yearwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001203013","display_name":"Chandan Karmakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-0856"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chandan Karmakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1814-0856","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019483138"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91351554,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"6","first_page":"1717","last_page":"1728"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.8046979904174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-stages","display_name":"Sleep Stages","score":0.7531865835189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","score":0.7186115384101868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.672653079032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6702919602394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-rapid-eye-movement-sleep","display_name":"Non-rapid eye movement sleep","score":0.6542562246322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.503262460231781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4991109371185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.42761194705963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4198405146598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.41192173957824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.39233821630477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3663836121559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polysomnography","display_name":"Polysomnography","score":0.3092862665653229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movement","display_name":"Eye movement","score":0.1863384246826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.12382429838180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.0892980694770813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.8046979904174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910364982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35831","display_name":"Sleep Stages","level":4,"score":0.7531865835189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.7186115384101868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.672653079032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6702919602394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20566671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752878","display_name":"Non-rapid eye movement sleep","level":3,"score":0.6542562246322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.503262460231781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4991109371185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.42761194705963135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4198405146598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.41192173957824707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.39233821630477905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3663836121559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754874","display_name":"Polysomnography","level":3,"score":0.3092862665653229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.1863384246826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12382429838180542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0892980694770813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012890","descriptor_name":"Sleep","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2022.3219863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2022.3219863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36342994","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36342994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/21590079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Performance_of_a_Convolutional_Neural_Network_Derived_from_PPG_Signal_in_Classifying_Sleep_Stages/21590079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/21590079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Performance_of_a_Convolutional_Neural_Network_Derived_from_PPG_Signal_in_Classifying_Sleep_Stages/21590079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W596403090","https://openalex.org/W1529097724","https://openalex.org/W1979651826","https://openalex.org/W2021589706","https://openalex.org/W2039556272","https://openalex.org/W2068263478","https://openalex.org/W2106232274","https://openalex.org/W2111406701","https://openalex.org/W2124136621","https://openalex.org/W2144557486","https://openalex.org/W2150165932","https://openalex.org/W2163462953","https://openalex.org/W2166143812","https://openalex.org/W2295749803","https://openalex.org/W2333032581","https://openalex.org/W2367309718","https://openalex.org/W2410151604","https://openalex.org/W2515503816","https://openalex.org/W2525537354","https://openalex.org/W2529700114","https://openalex.org/W2594487354","https://openalex.org/W2594804265","https://openalex.org/W2604096629","https://openalex.org/W2612047884","https://openalex.org/W2620050178","https://openalex.org/W2625272325","https://openalex.org/W2755938307","https://openalex.org/W2765638029","https://openalex.org/W2783914690","https://openalex.org/W2794183889","https://openalex.org/W2795199184","https://openalex.org/W2805033630","https://openalex.org/W2889505988","https://openalex.org/W2898777489","https://openalex.org/W2902810937","https://openalex.org/W2916455725","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2937191485","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2949809416","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2962781841","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963919481","https://openalex.org/W2964959984","https://openalex.org/W2969771517","https://openalex.org/W2979905330","https://openalex.org/W2980059005","https://openalex.org/W2981784774","https://openalex.org/W2982855512","https://openalex.org/W3013552016","https://openalex.org/W3015418729","https://openalex.org/W3018833029","https://openalex.org/W3023470400","https://openalex.org/W3026720205","https://openalex.org/W3030420691","https://openalex.org/W3035682985","https://openalex.org/W3046474724","https://openalex.org/W3046663063","https://openalex.org/W3084261808","https://openalex.org/W3091714893","https://openalex.org/W3165396901","https://openalex.org/W3198543070","https://openalex.org/W4239843371","https://openalex.org/W4283448452","https://openalex.org/W6675862722","https://openalex.org/W6681608319","https://openalex.org/W6684329404","https://openalex.org/W6727807574","https://openalex.org/W6745299491","https://openalex.org/W6754477931"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390146185","https://openalex.org/W4251048149","https://openalex.org/W2406305542","https://openalex.org/W2157187626","https://openalex.org/W2250077303","https://openalex.org/W2061579395","https://openalex.org/W1969232382","https://openalex.org/W4287554351","https://openalex.org/W3111595903","https://openalex.org/W3156287668"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"sleep":[1,13,40,64,81],"stage":[2],"classification":[3,41,89],"is":[4,14],"vital":[5],"for":[6,23,38,69,96],"evaluating":[7],"the":[8,58,107,120],"quality":[9],"of":[10,80,91],"sleep.":[11],"Conventionally,":[12],"monitored":[15],"using":[16,42],"multiple":[17,63],"physiological":[18],"sensors":[19],"that":[20,54,106],"are":[21],"uncomfortable":[22],"long-term":[24],"monitoring":[25],"and":[26,61,74,94,99,116],"require":[27],"expert":[28],"intervention.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31],"study,":[32],"we":[33],"propose":[34],"an":[35,87],"automatic":[36],"technique":[37],"multi-stage":[39],"photoplethysmographic":[43],"(PPG)":[44],"signal.":[45],"We":[46,66],"have":[47],"proposed":[48,84,108],"a":[49],"convolutional":[50],"neural":[51],"network":[52],"(CNN)":[53],"learns":[55],"directly":[56],"from":[57],"PPG":[59],"signal":[60],"classifies":[62],"stages.":[65],"developed":[67],"models":[68,114],"two-":[70],"(Wake-Sleep),":[71],"three-":[72],"(Wake-NREM-REM)":[73],"four-":[75],"(Wake-Light":[76],"sleep-Deep":[77],"sleep-REM)":[78],"stages":[79],"classification.":[82],"Our":[83],"approach":[85],"shows":[86],"average":[88],"accuracy":[90],"94.4%,":[92],"94.2%,":[93],"92.9%":[95],"two,":[97],"three,":[98],"four":[100],"stages,":[101],"respectively.":[102],"Experimental":[103],"results":[104],"show":[105],"CNN":[109],"model":[110],"outperforms":[111],"existing":[112],"state-of-the-art":[113],"(classical":[115],"deep":[117],"learning)":[118],"in":[119],"literature.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}