{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3167763071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2021.3087444","title":"Steady-State and Transient Performance of Ion-Sensitive Electrodes Suitable for Wearable and Implantable Electro-Chemical Sensing","display_name":"Steady-State and Transient Performance of Ion-Sensitive Electrodes Suitable for Wearable and Implantable Electro-Chemical Sensing","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3167763071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2021.3087444","mag":"3167763071","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34101580"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2021.3087444","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2021.3087444","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779546","display_name":"Xin Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4117-4344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4117-4344","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052669775","display_name":"Ajanta Saha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-0128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajanta Saha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1090-0128","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035825416","display_name":"Hongjie Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6756-704X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongjie Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6756-704X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089080649","display_name":"Muhammed Ramazan Oduncu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6486-4531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammed Ramazan Oduncu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103166272","display_name":"Qingyu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0106-4631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingyu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033613384","display_name":"Sotoudeh Sedaghat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sotoudeh Sedaghat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6243-5665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077075126","display_name":"Kerry Maize","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0267-8248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerry Maize","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043967979","display_name":"Jan P. Allebach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5608-8249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan P. Allebach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110147009","display_name":"Ali Shakouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1381-8947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Shakouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043697482","display_name":"Nicholas Glassmaker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8780-7039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Glassmaker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8780-7039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011565557","display_name":"Alexander Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-1037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090973201","display_name":"Rahim Rahimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5302-782X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahim Rahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5302-782X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062737334","display_name":"Muhammad A. Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8775-6043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad A. Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8775-6043","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100779546"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7723,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89435601,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"1","first_page":"96","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10212","display_name":"Electrochemical sensors and biosensors","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.8024235963821411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.6170557141304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potentiometric-titration","display_name":"Potentiometric titration","score":0.5846530795097351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5580852031707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nernst-equation","display_name":"Nernst equation","score":0.5542148351669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.5146147012710571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/footprint","display_name":"Footprint","score":0.4844946563243866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.48435911536216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analyte","display_name":"Analyte","score":0.477370947599411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steady-state","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","score":0.4661117196083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.4116930663585663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4022394120693207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3658037483692169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3535415530204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22623991966247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.14343509078025818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.11184963583946228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.8024235963821411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.6170557141304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124614425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813495","display_name":"Potentiometric titration","level":3,"score":0.5846530795097351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5580852031707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184501600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751124","display_name":"Nernst equation","level":3,"score":0.5542148351669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.5146147012710571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.4844946563243866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.48435911536216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10390740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2282401","display_name":"Analyte","level":2,"score":0.477370947599411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8171440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903414","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4661117196083069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.4116930663585663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4022394120693207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3658037483692169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3535415530204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22623991966247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.14343509078025818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.11184963583946228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011199","descriptor_name":"Potentiometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011199","descriptor_name":"Potentiometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011199","descriptor_name":"Potentiometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017736","descriptor_name":"Ion-Selective Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017736","descriptor_name":"Ion-Selective Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017736","descriptor_name":"Ion-Selective Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2021.3087444","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2021.3087444","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34101580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34101580","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W617071296","https://openalex.org/W1500332776","https://openalex.org/W1977812936","https://openalex.org/W1983792579","https://openalex.org/W1989974717","https://openalex.org/W1999494584","https://openalex.org/W2001746415","https://openalex.org/W2012068997","https://openalex.org/W2015843196","https://openalex.org/W2047576984","https://openalex.org/W2047763198","https://openalex.org/W2070858054","https://openalex.org/W2074412772","https://openalex.org/W2086404537","https://openalex.org/W2090888886","https://openalex.org/W2095867840","https://openalex.org/W2150758302","https://openalex.org/W2195707017","https://openalex.org/W2324201484","https://openalex.org/W2480710942","https://openalex.org/W2998928508","https://openalex.org/W3017371639","https://openalex.org/W3025266394","https://openalex.org/W3089560203","https://openalex.org/W4230355959","https://openalex.org/W4243814784","https://openalex.org/W6632359444"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985072773","https://openalex.org/W3090300519","https://openalex.org/W2514492205","https://openalex.org/W4250401876","https://openalex.org/W2943851981","https://openalex.org/W2095299560","https://openalex.org/W2907667791","https://openalex.org/W3047461507","https://openalex.org/W3126390843","https://openalex.org/W4245880644"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"Potentiometric":[1],"Ion-selective":[2],"Electrodes":[3],"(ISE)":[4],"are":[5],"widely":[6],"used":[7],"in":[8,42,71],"industrial":[9],"and":[10,15,31,58,90,105,112,118],"clinical":[11],"settings.":[12],"The":[13,67,94],"simplicity":[14],"small":[16],"footprint":[17],"of":[18,38,61,84,102,115,135],"ISE":[19,62,120,136],"have":[20],"encouraged":[21],"their":[22],"recent":[23],"adoption":[24],"as":[25],"wearable/implantable":[26,65,138],"sensors":[27,121],"for":[28,64,79,122,137],"personalized":[29],"healthcare":[30],"precision":[32],"agriculture,":[33],"creating":[34],"a":[35,50,72],"new":[36],"set":[37],"unique":[39],"challenges":[40],"absent":[41],"traditional":[43],"ISE.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"we":[48],"develop":[49],"fundamental":[51,128],"physics-based":[52],"model":[53,68],"to":[54],"describe":[55],"both":[56],"steady-state":[57],"transient":[59],"responses":[60],"relevant":[63],"sensors.":[66],"is":[69,96],"encapsulated":[70],"\"generalized":[73],"Nernst":[74],"formula\"":[75],"that":[76],"explicitly":[77],"accounts":[78],"the":[80,109,132],"analyte":[81],"density,":[82],"time-dynamics":[83],"signal":[85],"transduction,":[86],"ion-selective":[87],"membrane":[88],"thickness,":[89],"other":[91],"sensor":[92],"parameters.":[93],"formula":[95],"validated":[97],"numerically":[98],"by":[99,107],"self-consistent":[100],"modeling":[101],"multispecies":[103],"ion-transport":[104],"experimentally":[106],"interpreting":[108],"time":[110],"dynamics":[111],"thickness":[113],"dependence":[114],"thin-film":[116],"solid-contact":[117],"graphene-based":[119],"measuring":[123],"soil":[124],"nitrate":[125],"concentration.":[126],"These":[127],"results":[129],"will":[130],"support":[131],"accelerated":[133],"development":[134],"applications.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}