{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3044580164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.3010472","title":"Classifying Major Depressive Disorder and Response to Deep Brain Stimulation Over Time by Analyzing Facial Expressions","display_name":"Classifying Major Depressive Disorder and Response to Deep Brain Stimulation Over Time by Analyzing Facial Expressions","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3044580164","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.3010472","mag":"3044580164","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32746065"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2020.3010472","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.3010472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7891869","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083318020","display_name":"Zifan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3570-9461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zifan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444","https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090454868","display_name":"Sahar Harati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2025-9736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Harati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University, Stanford"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, Stanford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017771473","display_name":"Andrea Crowell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-5763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Crowell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026199142","display_name":"Helen S. Mayberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-2716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099136","display_name":"Circuit Therapeutics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00zs45r78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099136"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98704320","display_name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","ror":"https://ror.org/04a9tmd77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320796813","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen S. Mayberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099136","https://openalex.org/I98704320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006192037","display_name":"Shamim Nemati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-4948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800935791","display_name":"UC San Diego Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/01kbfgm16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shamim Nemati","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California San Diego Health"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California San Diego Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800935791","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048842509","display_name":"Gari D. Clifford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5709-201X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gari D. Clifford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444","https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083318020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444","https://openalex.org/I150468666"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7857,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92865029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"2","first_page":"664","last_page":"672"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12580","display_name":"Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/major-depressive-disorder","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","score":0.7650704383850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-brain-stimulation","display_name":"Deep brain stimulation","score":0.645228385925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mood","display_name":"Mood","score":0.5356765389442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.4848388433456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4754454791545868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.46442094445228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatric-assessment","display_name":"Psychiatric assessment","score":0.4243602752685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.3540181517601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3468305468559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.27025672793388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.23199918866157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.12927395105361938}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780051608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42844","display_name":"Major depressive disorder","level":3,"score":0.7650704383850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778542668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618076","display_name":"Deep brain stimulation","level":4,"score":0.645228385925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.5356765389442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.4848388433456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4754454791545868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.46442094445228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C507311573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510807","display_name":"Psychiatric assessment","level":2,"score":0.4243602752685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.3540181517601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3468305468559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.27025672793388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23199918866157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12927395105361938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Major Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder, Major","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003865","descriptor_name":"Major Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D046690","descriptor_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D046690","descriptor_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D046690","descriptor_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D046690","descriptor_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2020.3010472","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.3010472","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32746065","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32746065","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7891869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7891869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7891869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7891869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309008","display_name":"Hope for Depression Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcwn339"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24089286","https://openalex.org/W82001073","https://openalex.org/W182571476","https://openalex.org/W256241773","https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1493037916","https://openalex.org/W1628791547","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1952951183","https://openalex.org/W1981231682","https://openalex.org/W2010551045","https://openalex.org/W2025089570","https://openalex.org/W2035505019","https://openalex.org/W2045472600","https://openalex.org/W2048533792","https://openalex.org/W2056403322","https://openalex.org/W2095540482","https://openalex.org/W2096976598","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2109636054","https://openalex.org/W2114613490","https://openalex.org/W2117316907","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2123618525","https://openalex.org/W2129579709","https://openalex.org/W2136409902","https://openalex.org/W2137296158","https://openalex.org/W2146334809","https://openalex.org/W2146994234","https://openalex.org/W2150283722","https://openalex.org/W2161563143","https://openalex.org/W2163928333","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2346454595","https://openalex.org/W2745497104","https://openalex.org/W2766415998","https://openalex.org/W2777987555","https://openalex.org/W2807126412","https://openalex.org/W2899041995","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2962899219","https://openalex.org/W2963166524","https://openalex.org/W2963409517","https://openalex.org/W2963566548","https://openalex.org/W2964095005","https://openalex.org/W2964315539","https://openalex.org/W2964341143","https://openalex.org/W2995034616","https://openalex.org/W3034280301","https://openalex.org/W3091959638","https://openalex.org/W3102476541","https://openalex.org/W3122081138","https://openalex.org/W4225688886","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6600983433","https://openalex.org/W6607458078","https://openalex.org/W6609575180","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6676218802"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W622158969","https://openalex.org/W2518873333","https://openalex.org/W2114827170","https://openalex.org/W2991111293","https://openalex.org/W3031817477","https://openalex.org/W2806936602","https://openalex.org/W4226043135","https://openalex.org/W3028822299","https://openalex.org/W2887458996","https://openalex.org/W2149121888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"novel":[1],"MDD":[2],"evaluation":[3],"could":[4],"be":[5,38],"used":[6],"to":[7,31,40],"augment":[8],"current":[9],"psychiatric":[10,42],"evaluations":[11],"and":[12],"allow":[13],"automatic,":[14],"low-cost,":[15],"frequent":[16],"use":[17],"when":[18],"an":[19],"expert":[20],"isn't":[21],"readily":[22],"available":[23],"or":[24,29],"the":[25,34],"patient":[26],"is":[27],"unwilling":[28],"unable":[30],"engage.":[32],"Potentially,":[33],"framework":[35],"may":[36],"also":[37],"applied":[39],"other":[41],"disorders.":[43]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}