{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3038515764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.3006246","title":"Non-Gaussianity Detection of EEG Signals Based on a Multivariate Scale Mixture Model for Diagnosis of Epileptic Seizures","display_name":"Non-Gaussianity Detection of EEG Signals Based on a Multivariate Scale Mixture Model for Diagnosis of Epileptic Seizures","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3038515764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.3006246","mag":"3038515764","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32746048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2020.3006246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.3006246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.00898","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041087379","display_name":"Akira Furui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1554-6607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113306721","display_name":"Hiroshima University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t78wx29","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113306721"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Akira Furui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1554-6607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113306721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022461644","display_name":"Ryota Onishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8485-203X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113306721","display_name":"Hiroshima University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t78wx29","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113306721"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryota Onishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8485-203X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113306721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086735503","display_name":"Akihito Takeuchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4332-4075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137409","display_name":"National Hospital Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/03ntccx93","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137409"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akihito Takeuchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Hospital Organization"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4332-4075","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Hospital Organization","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137409"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030314289","display_name":"Tomoyuki Akiyama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-9859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100185","display_name":"Okayama University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/019tepx80","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100185"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoyuki Akiyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-9859","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100185"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101453043","display_name":"Toshio Tsuji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7689-3963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113306721","display_name":"Hiroshima University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t78wx29","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113306721"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshio Tsuji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7689-3963","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113306721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041087379"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113306721"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0555,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86851772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"2","first_page":"515","last_page":"525"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9642000198364258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9642000198364258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.8725175261497498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5783004760742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epilepsy","display_name":"Epilepsy","score":0.5759700536727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5100997090339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4998908042907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47542479634284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-statistics","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","score":0.467588871717453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-operating-characteristic","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","score":0.4651170074939728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.22157332301139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.16788774728775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.16438713669776917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.8725175261497498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5783004760742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.5759700536727905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5100997090339661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4998908042907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47542479634284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.467588871717453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.4651170074939728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22157332301139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.16788774728775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.16438713669776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004827","descriptor_name":"Epilepsy","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004827","descriptor_name":"Epilepsy","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004827","descriptor_name":"Epilepsy","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004828","descriptor_name":"Epilepsies, Partial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004828","descriptor_name":"Epilepsies, Partial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004828","descriptor_name":"Epilepsies, Partial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012640","descriptor_name":"Seizures","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2020.3006246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.3006246","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32746048","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32746048","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.00898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.00898","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.00898","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2007.00898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.00898","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.00898","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486632395","https://openalex.org/W1567922742","https://openalex.org/W1599510602","https://openalex.org/W1601795611","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1862394037","https://openalex.org/W1978871510","https://openalex.org/W1979148805","https://openalex.org/W1980176542","https://openalex.org/W1989621014","https://openalex.org/W1991749337","https://openalex.org/W1992519878","https://openalex.org/W2004300773","https://openalex.org/W2019054369","https://openalex.org/W2030537897","https://openalex.org/W2059527510","https://openalex.org/W2071430622","https://openalex.org/W2077204677","https://openalex.org/W2081700482","https://openalex.org/W2084583517","https://openalex.org/W2102244548","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2107386980","https://openalex.org/W2107801179","https://openalex.org/W2118020555","https://openalex.org/W2132240828","https://openalex.org/W2168175751","https://openalex.org/W2169292331","https://openalex.org/W2187120767","https://openalex.org/W2301687791","https://openalex.org/W2789800602","https://openalex.org/W2990667356","https://openalex.org/W3002244051","https://openalex.org/W3003962398","https://openalex.org/W3010838287","https://openalex.org/W4233555366","https://openalex.org/W4299627282","https://openalex.org/W4312258136","https://openalex.org/W6628849183","https://openalex.org/W6686874661"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385649027","https://openalex.org/W2395385109","https://openalex.org/W2773633178","https://openalex.org/W2080101436","https://openalex.org/W2802335767","https://openalex.org/W2922348724","https://openalex.org/W2356350882","https://openalex.org/W4388090985","https://openalex.org/W200322357","https://openalex.org/W1545074592"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"The":[1,126,144,216],"detection":[2],"of":[3,23,33,57,155,188,205,219],"epileptic":[4,137,193,212,229],"seizures":[5,230],"from":[6,120],"scalp":[7],"electroencephalogram":[8],"(EEG)":[9],"signals":[10],"can":[11,41,70,226],"facilitate":[12],"early":[13],"diagnosis":[14],"and":[15,97,157,198,208],"treatment.":[16],"Previous":[17],"studies":[18],"suggested":[19],"that":[20,69],"the":[21,29,55,91,102,113,133,141,148,162,203,206,223],"Gaussianity":[22],"EEG":[24,38,60,86,107,118,185,200,220],"distributions":[25,46],"changes":[26,44,72],"depending":[27],"on":[28,63],"presence":[30],"or":[31],"absence":[32],"seizures;":[34],"however,":[35],"no":[36],"general":[37],"signal":[39],"models":[40],"explain":[42],"such":[43],"in":[45,73,79,105,132,140,147],"within":[47],"a":[48,58,64,94,99,129,172,179],"unified":[49],"scheme.":[50],"METHODS:":[51],"This":[52,176],"article":[53,177],"describes":[54],"formulation":[56],"stochastic":[59,77,184,217],"model":[61,92,186,207,225],"based":[62],"multivariate":[65,180],"scale":[66,181],"mixture":[67,182],"distribution":[68],"represent":[71],"non-Gaussianity":[74,103,190],"caused":[75],"by":[76,89,222],"fluctuations":[78,218],"EEG.":[80],"In":[81],"addition,":[82],"we":[83],"propose":[84],"an":[85],"analysis":[87],"method":[88,115],"combining":[90],"with":[93,123,192,231],"filter":[95],"bank":[96],"introduce":[98],"feature":[100,135,145],"representing":[101,189],"latent":[104],"each":[106],"frequency":[108],"band.":[109,143],"RESULTS:":[110],"We":[111],"applied":[112],"proposed":[114,134,178,224],"to":[116,211],"multichannel":[117],"data":[119,201],"twenty":[121],"patients":[122],"focal":[124],"epilepsy.":[125],"results":[127],"showed":[128],"significant":[130],"increase":[131],"during":[136],"seizures,":[138],"particularly":[139],"high-frequency":[142,149],"calculated":[146],"band":[150],"allowed":[151],"highly":[152],"accurate":[153],"classification":[154],"seizure":[156,213],"non-seizure":[158],"segments":[159],"[area":[160],"under":[161],"receiver":[163],"operating":[164],"characteristic":[165],"curve":[166],"(AUC)":[167],"=":[168],"0.881]":[169],"using":[170,196],"only":[171],"simple":[173],"threshold.":[174],"CONCLUSION:":[175],"distribution-based":[183],"capable":[187],"associated":[191],"seizures.":[194],"Experiments":[195],"simulated":[197],"real":[199],"demonstrated":[202],"validity":[204],"its":[209],"applicability":[210],"detection.":[214],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[215],"quantified":[221],"help":[227],"detect":[228],"high":[232],"accuracy.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
