{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3020244590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.2989311","title":"Adaptive Real-Time Identification of Motor Unit Discharges From Non-Stationary High-Density Surface Electromyographic Signals","display_name":"Adaptive Real-Time Identification of Motor Unit Discharges From Non-Stationary High-Density Surface Electromyographic Signals","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3020244590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.2989311","mag":"3020244590","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32324538"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2020.2989311","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.2989311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418425","display_name":"Chen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3007-4364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3007-4364","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040002528","display_name":"Shihan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3511-2278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3511-2278","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062272467","display_name":"Xinjun Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-8665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinjun Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-8665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065669889","display_name":"Dario Farina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-2697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dario Farina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7883-2697","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078125284","display_name":"Xiangyang Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4914-6636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4914-6636","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9503,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":109,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96179988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"12","first_page":"3501","last_page":"3509"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-unit","display_name":"Motor unit","score":0.6570791006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6474366784095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface","display_name":"Surface (topology)","score":0.46870988607406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromyography","display_name":"Electromyography","score":0.45530858635902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3674558103084564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3332406282424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19647738337516785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16793635487556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.16119319200515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.1559561789035797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10806131362915039}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781425072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1889028","display_name":"Motor unit","level":2,"score":0.6570791006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6474366784095764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.46870988607406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.45530858635902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3674558103084564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3332406282424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19647738337516785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16793635487556458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.16119319200515747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.1559561789035797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10806131362915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005542","descriptor_name":"Forearm","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010351","descriptor_name":"Patient Discharge","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2020.2989311","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2020.2989311","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32324538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32324538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/82742","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/82742","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"3509","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1691558216","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18JC1410400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6154971310","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51620105002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G706094164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91748119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481479149","https://openalex.org/W1503680843","https://openalex.org/W1514261135","https://openalex.org/W1809394698","https://openalex.org/W1976423785","https://openalex.org/W1983351242","https://openalex.org/W1987036384","https://openalex.org/W2004879773","https://openalex.org/W2010714646","https://openalex.org/W2042861111","https://openalex.org/W2043178411","https://openalex.org/W2063366067","https://openalex.org/W2093990877","https://openalex.org/W2103541050","https://openalex.org/W2104904223","https://openalex.org/W2118516612","https://openalex.org/W2118881827","https://openalex.org/W2140885872","https://openalex.org/W2143321942","https://openalex.org/W2148270081","https://openalex.org/W2156441472","https://openalex.org/W2156525434","https://openalex.org/W2168149181","https://openalex.org/W2290981976","https://openalex.org/W2338519442","https://openalex.org/W2506721812","https://openalex.org/W2587122088","https://openalex.org/W2610341657","https://openalex.org/W2764120354","https://openalex.org/W2765431510","https://openalex.org/W2766008543","https://openalex.org/W2801221833","https://openalex.org/W2804395983","https://openalex.org/W2902068390","https://openalex.org/W2904776416","https://openalex.org/W2941862207","https://openalex.org/W2945868636","https://openalex.org/W2947764326","https://openalex.org/W2955075226","https://openalex.org/W2969958495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097319476","https://openalex.org/W2154645506","https://openalex.org/W2045891296","https://openalex.org/W2978925987","https://openalex.org/W2060506810","https://openalex.org/W2404075665","https://openalex.org/W2023190560","https://openalex.org/W2587847127","https://openalex.org/W2043761124","https://openalex.org/W2096948587"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Estimation":[1],"of":[2,6,26,112,142,180,210,230,233,246],"the":[3,27,65,76,101,110,140,143,228,243],"discharge":[4],"pattern":[5],"motor":[7,95,134,234],"units":[8],"by":[9,129],"electromyography":[10],"(EMG)":[11],"decomposition":[12,31,45,51,121,145,171,219],"has":[13],"been":[14],"applied":[15,34,92],"for":[16,29,41,78,189],"neurophysiologic":[17],"investigations,":[18],"clinical":[19],"diagnosis,":[20],"and":[21,58,75,87,173],"human-machine":[22],"interfacing.":[23],"However,":[24],"most":[25,190],"methods":[28],"EMG":[30,44,127,185,194,248],"are":[32,81,90,107],"currently":[33],"offline.":[35],"Here,":[36],"we":[37],"propose":[38],"an":[39,217],"approach":[40],"high-density":[42,247],"surface":[43],"in":[46],"real-time.":[47],"METHODS:":[48],"A":[49],"real-time":[50,231],"scheme":[52],"including":[53],"two":[54],"sessions,":[55],"offline":[56,85],"training":[57],"online":[59,102,144],"decomposition,":[60],"is":[61],"proposed":[62,166],"based":[63],"on":[64,125,196],"convolutional":[66],"kernel":[67],"compensation":[68],"algorithm.":[69],"The":[70,104,120,165,178],"estimation":[71,105],"parameters,":[72],"separation":[73],"vectors":[74],"thresholds":[77],"spike":[79,97],"extraction,":[80],"first":[82],"computed":[83],"during":[84,100,238],"training,":[86],"then":[88],"they":[89],"directly":[91],"to":[93,115,117,175,216],"estimate":[94],"unit":[96,135,235],"trains":[98],"(MUSTs)":[99],"decomposition.":[103],"parameters":[106],"updated":[108],"with":[109,133,208],"identification":[111,232],"new":[113],"discharges":[114],"adapt":[116],"non-stationary":[118,176],"conditions.":[119,177,191],"accuracy":[122,141,172,179,220],"was":[123,146,187],"validated":[124],"simulated":[126,184],"signals":[128,150,186],"convolving":[130],"synthetic":[131],"MUSTs":[132,181,201],"action":[136],"potentials":[137],"(MUAPs).":[138],"Moreover,":[139],"assessed":[147],"from":[148,152,183,204],"experimental":[149,193],"recorded":[151],"forearm":[153],"muscles":[154],"using":[155],"a":[156,169,250],"signal-based":[157],"performance":[158],"metrics":[159],"(pulse-to-noise":[160],"ratio,":[161],"PNR).":[162],"MAIN":[163],"RESULTS:":[164],"algorithm":[167],"yielded":[168],"high":[170],"robustness":[174],"identified":[182,203],"80%":[188],"From":[192],"signals,":[195],"average,":[197],"12":[198],"\u00b1":[199,212],"2":[200],"were":[202],"each":[205],"electrode":[206],"grid":[207],"PNR":[209],"25.0":[211],"1.8":[213],"dB,":[214],"corresponding":[215],"estimated":[218],"75%.":[221],"CONCLUSION":[222],"AND":[223],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[224],"These":[225],"results":[226],"indicate":[227],"feasibility":[229],"activities":[236],"non-invasively":[237],"variable":[239],"force":[240],"contractions,":[241],"extending":[242],"potential":[244],"applications":[245],"as":[249],"neural":[251],"interface.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
