{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964188884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2906688","title":"A Parametric Time-Frequency Conditional Granger Causality Method Using Ultra-Regularized Orthogonal Least Squares and Multiwavelets for Dynamic Connectivity Analysis in EEGs","display_name":"A Parametric Time-Frequency Conditional Granger Causality Method Using Ultra-Regularized Orthogonal Least Squares and Multiwavelets for Dynamic Connectivity Analysis in EEGs","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964188884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2906688","mag":"2964188884","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30932821"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2019.2906688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2906688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421442","display_name":"Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1751-1742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165198","display_name":"Beijing Advanced Sciences and Innovation Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05qm21180","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165198"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Beihang University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1751-1742","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Beihang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165198","https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016941216","display_name":"Meng-Ying Lei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengying Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2923-9627","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067818534","display_name":"Weigang Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7983-9161"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weigang Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7983-9161","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034885233","display_name":"Yuzhu Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8588-5172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzhu Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8588-5172","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation Sciences and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026841543","display_name":"Hua\u2010Liang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4704-7346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua-Liang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4704-7346","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5149,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8934272,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"12","first_page":"3509","last_page":"3525"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.5608999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.5608999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.2669999897480011,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.08500000089406967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granger-causality","display_name":"Granger causality","score":0.7119840383529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-statistics","display_name":"Parametric statistics","score":0.646265983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time\u2013frequency-analysis","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","score":0.574491024017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.472775936126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-squares-function-approximation","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","score":0.47108399868011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.44252029061317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-model","display_name":"Parametric model","score":0.42820656299591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4154777526855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35420048236846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3488214612007141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3318190574645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.2796770930290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.24092283844947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17785677313804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.08164867758750916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0761675238609314}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129824826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2630107","display_name":"Granger causality","level":2,"score":0.7119840383529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.646265983581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142433447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7806653","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","level":3,"score":0.574491024017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.472775936126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9936470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510405","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","level":3,"score":0.47108399868011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.44252029061317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24574437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135228","display_name":"Parametric model","level":3,"score":0.42820656299591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4154777526855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35420048236846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3488214612007141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3318190574645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.2796770930290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24092283844947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17785677313804626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.08164867758750916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0761675238609314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007092","descriptor_name":"Imagination","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007092","descriptor_name":"Imagination","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007092","descriptor_name":"Imagination","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016018","descriptor_name":"Least-Squares Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016018","descriptor_name":"Least-Squares Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016018","descriptor_name":"Least-Squares Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019579","descriptor_name":"Neocortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019579","descriptor_name":"Neocortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019579","descriptor_name":"Neocortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2019.2906688","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2906688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30932821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30932821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3058143276","display_name":"System Identification and Data Modelling of Complex Nonlinear and Nonstationary Processes","funder_award_id":"EP/I011056/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3404568052","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4172037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3868498110","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/I011056/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5886206401","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L182015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7188656628","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1809209","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8133980618","display_name":"\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u950b\u7535\u4f4d\u7684\u591a\u5c0f\u6ce2\u52a8\u6001\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0e\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u673a\u7406\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61671042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8966987018","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61403016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1173784407","https://openalex.org/W1442097360","https://openalex.org/W1538292829","https://openalex.org/W1603307924","https://openalex.org/W1959164575","https://openalex.org/W1983523765","https://openalex.org/W1985968910","https://openalex.org/W1992488134","https://openalex.org/W1995113957","https://openalex.org/W1996469777","https://openalex.org/W1997047095","https://openalex.org/W2007919714","https://openalex.org/W2020245429","https://openalex.org/W2028329161","https://openalex.org/W2031175485","https://openalex.org/W2035100132","https://openalex.org/W2044692866","https://openalex.org/W2064979714","https://openalex.org/W2066400502","https://openalex.org/W2068458829","https://openalex.org/W2069762774","https://openalex.org/W2071106906","https://openalex.org/W2074501647","https://openalex.org/W2081160287","https://openalex.org/W2085142353","https://openalex.org/W2085900457","https://openalex.org/W2089361438","https://openalex.org/W2090696802","https://openalex.org/W2109582949","https://openalex.org/W2112709449","https://openalex.org/W2113862745","https://openalex.org/W2119739937","https://openalex.org/W2122418437","https://openalex.org/W2123346926","https://openalex.org/W2124381750","https://openalex.org/W2134288234","https://openalex.org/W2140413964","https://openalex.org/W2142635246","https://openalex.org/W2142875089","https://openalex.org/W2159632462","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2178225550","https://openalex.org/W2267287690","https://openalex.org/W2293644081","https://openalex.org/W2322017115","https://openalex.org/W2473798019","https://openalex.org/W2500997565","https://openalex.org/W2521283808","https://openalex.org/W2617597597","https://openalex.org/W2625805440","https://openalex.org/W2669968314","https://openalex.org/W2700941757","https://openalex.org/W2726227717","https://openalex.org/W2790313085","https://openalex.org/W2801104962","https://openalex.org/W2808484379","https://openalex.org/W2899459625","https://openalex.org/W4236383456","https://openalex.org/W4241868268","https://openalex.org/W6739612121"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W126301054","https://openalex.org/W4251195004","https://openalex.org/W4242807451","https://openalex.org/W2127540830","https://openalex.org/W2035792466","https://openalex.org/W2977645287","https://openalex.org/W4251418261","https://openalex.org/W1972675643","https://openalex.org/W2154758532","https://openalex.org/W1500691956"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"This":[1],"study":[2],"proposes":[3],"a":[4,115],"new":[5,194],"parametric":[6],"time-frequency":[7],"conditional":[8],"Granger":[9],"causality":[10],"(TF-CGC)":[11],"method":[12,118,155,213,227],"for":[13],"high-precision":[14],"connectivity":[15,185],"analysis":[16],"over":[17],"time":[18],"and":[19,27,95,127,132,161,182,192,239],"frequency":[20],"domain":[21],"in":[22,40,119,149,214],"multivariate":[23,150],"coupling":[24],"nonstationary":[25],"systems,":[26],"applies":[28],"it":[29],"to":[30,35,80,100,145,164,230],"source":[31,165],"electroencephalogram":[32],"(EEG)":[33],"signals":[34],"reveal":[36],"dynamic":[37],"interaction":[38],"patterns":[39,186],"oscillatory":[41,201,221],"neocortical":[42],"sensorimotor":[43],"networks.":[44,203,222],"METHODS:":[45],"The":[46,86,136,153,224],"Geweke's":[47],"spectral":[48],"measure":[49,101],"is":[50,114,143,156,228],"combined":[51],"with":[52,56,123,178],"the":[53,92,96,104,109,172,183,197,208,211],"time-varying":[54,83,121],"autoregressive":[55],"exogenous":[57],"input":[58],"(TVARX)":[59],"modeling":[60],"approach,":[61],"which":[62,89],"uses":[63],"multiwavelet-based":[64],"ultra-regularized":[65],"orthogonal":[66],"least":[67],"squares":[68,78,98],"(UROLS)":[69],"algorithm,":[70,88],"aided":[71],"by":[72],"adjustable":[73],"prediction":[74],"error":[75],"sum":[76],"of":[77,112,187,200,210,219,234,237],"(APRESS),":[79],"obtain":[81],"high-resolution":[82],"CGC":[84,141],"representations.":[85],"UROLS-APRESS":[87],"adopts":[90],"both":[91],"regularization":[93],"technique":[94],"ultra-least":[97],"criterion":[99],"not":[102],"only":[103],"signal":[105],"themselves,":[106],"but":[107],"also":[108],"weak":[110],"derivatives":[111],"them,":[113],"novel":[116,225],"powerful":[117],"constructing":[120],"models":[122],"good":[124],"generalization":[125],"performance,":[126],"can":[128],"accurately":[129],"track":[130],"smooth":[131],"fast":[133],"changing":[134],"causalities.":[135],"generalized":[137],"measurement":[138],"based":[139],"on":[140,158],"decomposition":[142],"able":[144],"eliminate":[146],"indirect":[147],"influences":[148],"systems.":[151],"RESULTS:":[152],"proposed":[154],"validated":[157],"two":[159],"simulations,":[160],"then":[162],"applied":[163],"level":[166],"motor":[167],"imagery":[168],"(MI)":[169],"EEGs,":[170],"where":[171],"predicted":[173],"distributions":[174],"are":[175,189],"well":[176],"recovered":[177],"high":[179],"TF":[180],"precision,":[181],"detected":[184],"MI-EEGs":[188],"physiologically":[190],"interpretable":[191],"yield":[193],"insights":[195],"into":[196],"dynamical":[198],"organization":[199],"cortical":[202],"CONCLUSION:":[204],"Experimental":[205],"results":[206],"confirm":[207],"effectiveness":[209],"TF-CGC":[212,226],"tracking":[215],"rapidly":[216],"varying":[217],"causalities":[218],"EEG-based":[220],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[223],"expected":[229],"provide":[231],"important":[232],"information":[233],"neural":[235],"mechanisms":[236],"perception":[238],"cognition.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
