{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913185942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2895685","title":"Multi-Mode Particle Filtering Methods for Heart Rate Estimation From Wearable Photoplethysmography","display_name":"Multi-Mode Particle Filtering Methods for Heart Rate Estimation From Wearable Photoplethysmography","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913185942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2895685","mag":"2913185942","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30703006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2019.2895685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2895685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100746133","display_name":"Jinseok Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-490X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I77079311","display_name":"Wonkwang University","ror":"https://ror.org/006776986","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77079311"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinseok Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8580-490X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I77079311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026613707","display_name":"Heewon \ufeffChung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4039-1419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I77079311","display_name":"Wonkwang University","ror":"https://ror.org/006776986","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77079311"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heewon Chung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University College of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University College of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I77079311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055721024","display_name":"Hooseok Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1410-425X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I77079311","display_name":"Wonkwang University","ror":"https://ror.org/006776986","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77079311"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hooseok Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University College of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wonkwang University College of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I77079311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100746133"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I77079311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6974,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66978071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"66","issue":"10","first_page":"2789","last_page":"2799"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.9188895225524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.6115607023239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.5991189479827881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5330784320831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.4436298608779907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3492652177810669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3347601890563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.32259976863861084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.2662630081176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.25644737482070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2225387692451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21284320950508118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.11138862371444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.09374231100082397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.9188895225524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.6115607023239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.5991189479827881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5330784320831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.4436298608779907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3492652177810669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3347601890563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.32259976863861084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.2662630081176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.25644737482070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2225387692451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21284320950508118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.11138862371444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.09374231100082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2019.2895685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2895685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30703006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30703006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2888445436","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016R1D1A1B03934938","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8783856367","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2015M3A9D7067215","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1849865010","https://openalex.org/W1910786341","https://openalex.org/W2005741801","https://openalex.org/W2090296913","https://openalex.org/W2118280288","https://openalex.org/W2129594200","https://openalex.org/W2133758379","https://openalex.org/W2151713296","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2162733643","https://openalex.org/W2166913541","https://openalex.org/W2204117563","https://openalex.org/W2288945889","https://openalex.org/W2509367146","https://openalex.org/W2592075940","https://openalex.org/W2609904211","https://openalex.org/W2772327757","https://openalex.org/W2784097113","https://openalex.org/W2789746872","https://openalex.org/W2891220451","https://openalex.org/W3098824483","https://openalex.org/W4235995083"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297152434","https://openalex.org/W2732360296","https://openalex.org/W1994871954","https://openalex.org/W2072858761","https://openalex.org/W4200107443","https://openalex.org/W4239033438","https://openalex.org/W1540261775","https://openalex.org/W2170552210","https://openalex.org/W4205793574","https://openalex.org/W4225612652"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Obtaining":[1],"accurate":[2],"estimates":[3],"of":[4,100,113],"instantaneous":[5],"heart":[6],"rates":[7],"(HRs)":[8],"using":[9],"reflectance-type":[10],"photoplethysmography":[11],"(PPG)":[12],"sensors":[13],"is":[14,108],"challenging":[15],"because":[16],"the":[17,22,64,91,111,114,121,139],"dominant":[18],"frequency":[19],"observed":[20],"in":[21,128,147,149,180],"PPG":[23,80,173],"signal":[24],"can":[25,144,187],"be":[26,145,189],"corrupted":[27,177],"by":[28,168,178],"motion":[29],"artifacts":[30],"(MAs),":[31],"especially":[32],"during":[33,83,161],"exercise.":[34],"To":[35],"address":[36],"this":[37],"problem,":[38],"we":[39],"propose":[40,48],"multi-mode":[41],"particle":[42,57,69],"filtering":[43,70],"(MPF)":[44],"methods.":[45,74,119],"METHODS:":[46],"We":[47,62],"four":[49],"MPF":[50,65,93,122,135,155],"methods":[51,94,123,136,156,186],"based":[52],"on":[53],"different":[54,89],"approaches":[55],"to":[56,78,191],"weighting":[58],"and":[59,71,116,143],"HR":[60,140],"determination.":[61],"compare":[63],"performances":[66],"with":[67,165],"single-mode":[68],"other":[72,117,192],"state-of-the-art":[73,118],"RESULTS:":[75],"When":[76],"applied":[77,190],"47":[79],"recordings":[81],"obtained":[82],"intensive":[84,162],"physical":[85,163],"exercise":[86],"from":[87],"two":[88,103],"databases,":[90],"proposed":[92,154,185],"exhibit":[95],"an":[96,129],"average":[97],"absolute":[98],"error":[99,142],"less":[101,109],"than":[102,110],"beats":[104],"per":[105],"minute,":[106],"which":[107],"errors":[112],"SPF":[115],"Furthermore,":[120],"require":[124],"only":[125],"6.4-6.5":[126],"ms":[127],"8":[130],"s":[131],"window.":[132],"CONCLUSION:":[133],"The":[134,184],"significantly":[137],"reduce":[138],"estimation":[141],"implemented":[146],"real-time":[148],"practical":[150],"applications.":[151],"SIGNIFICANCE:":[152],"Our":[153],"accurately":[157],"estimate":[158],"HRs":[159],"even":[160,171],"exercise,":[164],"robustness":[166],"evidenced":[167],"their":[169],"accuracy":[170],"when":[172],"signals":[174],"are":[175],"severely":[176],"MAs":[179],"several":[181],"consecutive":[182],"windows.":[183],"also":[188],"time-varying":[193],"physiological":[194],"feature-monitoring":[195],"problems.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-29T09:16:38.111599","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}