{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2060213609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2015.2402236","title":"Semisupervised ECG Ventricular Beat Classification With Novelty Detection Based on Switching Kalman Filters","display_name":"Semisupervised ECG Ventricular Beat Classification With Novelty Detection Based on Switching Kalman Filters","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2060213609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2015.2402236","mag":"2060213609","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25680203"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2015.2402236","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2015.2402236","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/10/7208914/07038137.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/10/7208914/07038137.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064479140","display_name":"Julien Oster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6090-0834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116041","display_name":"Imagerie Adaptative Diagnostique et Interventionnelle","ror":"https://ror.org/025mhc977","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210100260","https://openalex.org/I4210110412","https://openalex.org/I4210116041","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julien Oster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Patient Monitoring Group, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K","IBME - Institute of Biomedical Engineering [Oxford] (Department of Engineering Science Old Road Campus Research Building University of Oxford Headington Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK - United Kingdom)","IADI - Imagerie Adaptative Diagnostique et Interventionnelle (Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine - CHU de Nancy, 4e \u00e9tage, Tour Drouet, rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy - France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Patient Monitoring Group, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBME - Institute of Biomedical Engineering [Oxford] (Department of Engineering Science Old Road Campus Research Building University of Oxford Headington Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK - United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IADI - Imagerie Adaptative Diagnostique et Interventionnelle (Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine - CHU de Nancy, 4e \u00e9tage, Tour Drouet, rue du Morvan, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116041","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091624431","display_name":"Joachim A. Behar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5956-7034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joachim Behar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford","IBME - Institute of Biomedical Engineering [Oxford] (Department of Engineering Science Old Road Campus Research Building University of Oxford Headington Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK - United Kingdom)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBME - Institute of Biomedical Engineering [Oxford] (Department of Engineering Science Old Road Campus Research Building University of Oxford Headington Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK - United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001053137","display_name":"Omid Sayadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omid Sayadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University","Harvard University (Massachusetts Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138 - United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University (Massachusetts Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138 - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006192037","display_name":"Shamim Nemati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-4948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shamim Nemati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University","Harvard University (Massachusetts Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138 - United States)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University (Massachusetts Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138 - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003528274","display_name":"Alistair E. W. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8735-3014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146410","display_name":"Science Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/04j8yhy50","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146410"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alistair E. W. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford","IBME - Institute of Biomedical Engineering [Oxford] (Department of Engineering Science Old Road Campus Research Building University of Oxford Headington Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK - United Kingdom)","Department of Engineering Science [Oxford] (University of Oxford,\r\nParks Road,\r\nOxford,\r\nOX1 3PJ - United Kingdom)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBME - Institute of Biomedical Engineering [Oxford] (Department of Engineering Science Old Road Campus Research Building University of Oxford Headington Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK - United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Science [Oxford] (University of Oxford,\r\nParks Road,\r\nOxford,\r\nOX1 3PJ - United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146410","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048842509","display_name":"Gari D. Clifford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5709-201X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gari D. Clifford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University and the Georgia Institute of Technology","University of Oxford","IBME - Institute of Biomedical Engineering [Oxford] (Department of Engineering Science Old Road Campus Research Building University of Oxford Headington Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK - United Kingdom)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University and the Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444","https://openalex.org/I150468666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBME - Institute of Biomedical Engineering [Oxford] (Department of Engineering Science Old Road Campus Research Building University of Oxford Headington Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK - United Kingdom)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064479140"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210116041","https://openalex.org/I90183372"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.7774,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":120,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98597828,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"9","first_page":"2125","last_page":"2134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.8011120557785034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty","display_name":"Novelty","score":0.7096937298774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beat","display_name":"Beat (acoustics)","score":0.5425984263420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5276155471801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5216684341430664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5160745978355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.481412410736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty-detection","display_name":"Novelty detection","score":0.47573280334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-beat","display_name":"Heart beat","score":0.4212067723274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.16465848684310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.13959628343582153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11808282136917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1100529134273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0999768078327179}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.8011120557785034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778738651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16546687","display_name":"Novelty","level":2,"score":0.7096937298774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189809214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829522","display_name":"Beat (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.5425984263420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5276155471801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5216684341430664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5160745978355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.481412410736084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778924833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7064603","display_name":"Novelty detection","level":3,"score":0.47573280334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982892191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253408","display_name":"Heart beat","level":2,"score":0.4212067723274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16465848684310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.13959628343582153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11808282136917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1100529134273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0999768078327179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008955","descriptor_name":"Models, Cardiovascular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008955","descriptor_name":"Models, Cardiovascular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008955","descriptor_name":"Models, Cardiovascular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2015.2402236","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2015.2402236","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/10/7208914/07038137.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25680203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25680203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01737202v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01737202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2015, 62 (9), pp.2125 - 2134. &#x27E8;10.1109/TBME.2015.2402236&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:qsh:journl:276216","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholar.harvard.edu/shamimnode/276216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:qsh:wpaper:276216","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholar.harvard.edu/shamim/node/276216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2015.2402236","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2015.2402236","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/10/7208914/07038137.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1093520412","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Scholarship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1361938442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1934935867","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Engineering and Physical Sciences R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2864483227","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320005","funder_display_name":"Royal Academy of Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4595951406","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"793/914/N/K/EST/DD PF/tkg/4004642","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320005","funder_display_name":"Royal Academy of Engineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4597177185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Wellcome Trust","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5048751664","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G036861/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","funder_display_name":"Research Councils UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6244725262","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Centre for Doctoral Training","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G654448798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"098461/Z/12/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G670695392","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"098461/Z/12/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307874","funder_display_name":"Wellcome"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G786840976","display_name":"Centre for Doctoral Training in Healthcare Innovation","funder_award_id":"EP/G036861/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7899685337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant EP/G036861/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","funder_display_name":"Research Councils UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8554689201","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307874","display_name":"Wellcome","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320005","display_name":"Royal Academy of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/0526snb40"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","display_name":"Research Councils UK","ror":"https://ror.org/00dq2kk65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320290","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2060213609.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2060213609.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43029633","https://openalex.org/W748467075","https://openalex.org/W2038436648","https://openalex.org/W2070071121","https://openalex.org/W2080613901","https://openalex.org/W2090163357","https://openalex.org/W2093072536","https://openalex.org/W2095345875","https://openalex.org/W2097998348","https://openalex.org/W2101094113","https://openalex.org/W2102716594","https://openalex.org/W2103308415","https://openalex.org/W2108396267","https://openalex.org/W2115627867","https://openalex.org/W2116790685","https://openalex.org/W2122930900","https://openalex.org/W2132300419","https://openalex.org/W2132904166","https://openalex.org/W2133876672","https://openalex.org/W2140890425","https://openalex.org/W2152751026","https://openalex.org/W2157209869","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2165273548","https://openalex.org/W2168816777","https://openalex.org/W3150363102","https://openalex.org/W4308951891","https://openalex.org/W6674385629","https://openalex.org/W6675224500"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064636555","https://openalex.org/W2585503716","https://openalex.org/W1939982668","https://openalex.org/W2105014086","https://openalex.org/W2076090200","https://openalex.org/W3025682415","https://openalex.org/W2081173909","https://openalex.org/W4389009659","https://openalex.org/W198251434","https://openalex.org/W4312933423"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"processing":[1],"and":[2,63,80,137,158,165,196,223,225],"accurate":[3,60,211],"diagnosis":[4],"of":[5,27,65,72,101,131,163,188,199,205,217,233],"pathological":[6],"electrocardiogram":[7],"(ECG)":[8],"signals":[9],"remains":[10],"a":[11,44,125],"challenge.":[12],"As":[13],"long-term":[14],"ECG":[15,36,46,50,236],"recordings":[16],"continue":[17],"to":[18,34,39,49,58,96,146,176],"increase":[19],"in":[20,154,214],"prevalence,":[21],"driven":[22],"partly":[23],"by":[24,123],"the":[25,32,98,102,111,129,150,155,183,190,197,215],"ease":[26],"remote":[28],"monitoring":[29],"technology":[30],"usage,":[31],"need":[33],"automate":[35],"analysis":[37,64,232],"continues":[38],"grow.":[40],"In":[41],"previous":[42],"studies,":[43],"model-based":[45],"filtering":[47,62,110],"approach":[48,93,143],"data":[51],"from":[52],"healthy":[53],"subjects":[54],"has":[55],"been":[56],"applied":[57],"facilitate":[59],"online":[61],"physiological":[66],"signals.":[67],"We":[68],"propose":[69],"an":[70,227],"extension":[71],"this":[73],"approach,":[74],"which":[75,173],"models":[76],"not":[77,86],"only":[78],"normal":[79],"ventricular":[81,151],"heartbeats,":[82],"but":[83],"also":[84,120],"morphologies":[85,222],"previously":[87,134,218],"encountered.":[88],"A":[89],"switching":[90],"Kalman":[91],"filter":[92],"is":[94,119,144],"introduced":[95],"enable":[97],"automatic":[99],"selection":[100],"most":[103],"likely":[104],"mode":[105,127],"(beat":[106],"type),":[107],"while":[108],"simultaneously":[109],"signal":[112],"using":[113],"appropriate":[114],"prior":[115],"knowledge.":[116],"Novelty":[117],"detection":[118,130],"made":[121],"possible":[122],"incorporating":[124],"third":[126],"for":[128,149,230],"unknown":[132],"(not":[133],"observed)":[135],"morphologies,":[136],"denoted":[138],"as":[139,194],"X-factor.":[140],"This":[141],"new":[142],"compared":[145],"state-of-the-art":[147],"techniques":[148],"heartbeat":[152],"classification":[153,213],"MIT-BIH":[156],"arrhythmia":[157],"Incart":[159],"databases.":[160,185],"F1":[161],"scores":[162],"98.3%":[164],"99.5%":[166],"were":[167,192],"found":[168],"on":[169,182],"each":[170],"database,":[171],"respectively,":[172],"are":[174],"superior":[175],"other":[177],"published":[178],"algorithms'":[179],"results":[180],"reported":[181],"same":[184],"Only":[186],"3%":[187],"all":[189],"beats":[191,201],"discarded":[193],"X-factor,":[195],"majority":[198],"these":[200],"contained":[202],"high":[203],"levels":[204],"noise.":[206],"The":[207],"proposed":[208],"technique":[209],"demonstrates":[210],"beat":[212],"presence":[216],"unseen":[219],"(and":[220],"unlearned)":[221],"noise,":[224],"provides":[226],"automated":[228],"method":[229],"morphological":[231],"arbitrary":[234],"(unknown)":[235],"leads.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
