{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2046646175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2014.2347318","title":"Novel Active Comb-Shaped Dry Electrode for EEG Measurement in Hairy Site","display_name":"Novel Active Comb-Shaped Dry Electrode for EEG Measurement in Hairy Site","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2046646175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2014.2347318","mag":"2046646175","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25137719"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2014.2347318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2014.2347318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111743464","display_name":"Yan-Jun Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan-Jun Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National 0, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National 0, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004841856","display_name":"Chung\u2010Yu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-0809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Yu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Department of Electronics Engineering; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054356697","display_name":"May\u2010Kuen Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3586-1292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3020100970","display_name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02verss31","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3020100970"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice May-Kuen Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3020100970"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069841396","display_name":"Bor\u2010Shyh Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8653-2571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bor-Shyh Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","[Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111743464"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3155,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":122,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92334015,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"1","first_page":"256","last_page":"263"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.8946535587310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.7327480316162109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-conductor","display_name":"Electrical conductor","score":0.5891305804252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5468577146530151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5390173196792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.48377153277397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attenuation","display_name":"Attenuation","score":0.43154817819595337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37656426429748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3203948438167572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.18198755383491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.13651379942893982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1364516317844391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1248522400856018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.12340492010116577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1066124439239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.0963774025440216}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.8946535587310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.7327480316162109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202374169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124291","display_name":"Electrical conductor","level":2,"score":0.5891305804252625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5468577146530151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5390173196792603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.48377153277397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.43154817819595337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37656426429748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3203948438167572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.18198755383491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.13651379942893982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1364516317844391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1248522400856018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.12340492010116577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1066124439239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0963774025440216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004566","descriptor_name":"Electrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006197","descriptor_name":"Hair","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006197","descriptor_name":"Hair","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006197","descriptor_name":"Hair","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012535","descriptor_name":"Scalp","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012535","descriptor_name":"Scalp","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012535","descriptor_name":"Scalp","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2014.2347318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2014.2347318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25137719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25137719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7934387664","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSC 102-2221-E-009-065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","funder_display_name":"National Science Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","display_name":"National Science Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1956070256","https://openalex.org/W1978889091","https://openalex.org/W1994883634","https://openalex.org/W2006882784","https://openalex.org/W2017022049","https://openalex.org/W2029967745","https://openalex.org/W2047490963","https://openalex.org/W2064064987","https://openalex.org/W2071786386","https://openalex.org/W2088231725","https://openalex.org/W2090002556","https://openalex.org/W2109073090","https://openalex.org/W2110081173","https://openalex.org/W2126159071","https://openalex.org/W2126390573","https://openalex.org/W2130256579","https://openalex.org/W2140236254","https://openalex.org/W2140486126","https://openalex.org/W2141968979","https://openalex.org/W2145121303","https://openalex.org/W2146976664","https://openalex.org/W2166124625","https://openalex.org/W2342137002","https://openalex.org/W6672886367","https://openalex.org/W6704282557"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062605435","https://openalex.org/W2273182195","https://openalex.org/W2186374051","https://openalex.org/W2377963109","https://openalex.org/W2022279172","https://openalex.org/W2352247021","https://openalex.org/W2145835458","https://openalex.org/W2059332403","https://openalex.org/W2066034608","https://openalex.org/W1990381203"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electroencephalography":[0],"(EEG)":[1],"is":[2,21,68],"an":[3],"important":[4],"biopotential,":[5],"and":[6,40,52,111,137],"has":[7],"been":[8],"widely":[9],"applied":[10],"in":[11,64,87,128],"clinical":[12],"applications.":[13],"The":[14],"conventional":[15],"EEG":[16,45,63,86,127],"electrode":[17,81],"with":[18,35],"conductive":[19,31,50],"gels":[20],"usually":[22],"used":[23],"for":[24,134],"measuring":[25,62],"EEG.":[26],"However,":[27,61],"the":[28,36,58,65,106,112,132,147],"use":[29],"of":[30,38,104,114],"gel":[32],"also":[33,143],"encounters":[34],"issue":[37],"drying":[39],"hardening.":[41],"Recently,":[42],"many":[43],"dry":[44,80,96],"electrodes":[46],"based":[47],"on":[48],"different":[49],"materials":[51],"techniques":[53],"were":[54,142],"proposed":[55,83,148],"to":[56,84,145],"solve":[57],"previous":[59],"issue.":[60],"hairy":[66,88,129],"site":[67],"still":[69],"a":[70,76],"difficult":[71],"challenge.":[72],"In":[73],"this":[74],"study,":[75],"novel":[77],"active":[78],"comb-shaped":[79,93],"was":[82],"measure":[85],"site.":[89,130],"Different":[90],"form":[91],"other":[92],"or":[94],"spike-shaped":[95],"electrodes,":[97],"it":[98,123],"can":[99,124],"provide":[100],"more":[101],"excellent":[102],"performance":[103],"avoiding":[105],"signal":[107],"attenuation,":[108],"phase":[109],"distortion,":[110],"reduction":[113],"common":[115],"mode":[116],"rejection":[117],"ratio.":[118],"Even":[119],"under":[120],"walking":[121],"motion,":[122],"effectively":[125],"acquire":[126],"Finally,":[131],"experiments":[133],"alpha":[135],"rhythm":[136],"steady-state":[138],"visually":[139],"evoked":[140],"potential":[141],"tested":[144],"validate":[146],"electrode.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-30T09:04:40.226872","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}