{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2027752865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2012.2207898","title":"GPU Accelerated Generation of Digitally Reconstructed Radiographs for 2-D/3-D Image Registration","display_name":"GPU Accelerated Generation of Digitally Reconstructed Radiographs for 2-D/3-D Image Registration","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2027752865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2012.2207898","mag":"2027752865","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22801484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2012.2207898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2012.2207898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006337352","display_name":"Osama Dorgham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9807-7820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33926330","display_name":"Al-Balqa Applied University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qedmt22","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Osama M. Dorgham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Information Systems, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al Salt 19117, Jordan. osama.dorgham@gmail.com","Department of Computer Information Systems, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al Salt, Jordan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Information Systems, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al Salt 19117, Jordan. osama.dorgham@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Information Systems, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al Salt, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085340045","display_name":"Stephen D. Laycock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7724-1369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen D. Laycock","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK","School of Computing Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich U.K","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088765304","display_name":"Mark Fisher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8651-543X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","display_name":"University of East Anglia","ror":"https://ror.org/026k5mg93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark H. Fisher","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK","School of Computing Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich U.K","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006337352"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.8807,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98032142,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"9","first_page":"2594","last_page":"2603"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-registration","display_name":"Image registration","score":0.7029748558998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6332576274871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6248071789741516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiography","display_name":"Radiography","score":0.5740014314651489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5495433807373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5095927715301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.4882488548755646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-radiography","display_name":"Digital radiography","score":0.449439138174057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.44557619094848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.3289244771003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3238385319709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.21897616982460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.1470315158367157}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166704113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861092","display_name":"Image registration","level":3,"score":0.7029748558998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6332576274871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6248071789741516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.5740014314651489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5495433807373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5095927715301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.4882488548755646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1225030","display_name":"Digital radiography","level":3,"score":0.449439138174057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.44557619094848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3289244771003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3238385319709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21897616982460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.1470315158367157}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003196","descriptor_name":"Computer Graphics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010388","descriptor_name":"Pelvis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010388","descriptor_name":"Pelvis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010388","descriptor_name":"Pelvis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011856","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011856","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011856","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Enhancement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2012.2207898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2012.2207898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22801484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22801484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:40677","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/40677/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400384","display_name":"UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","host_organization_name":"University of East Anglia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W111468195","https://openalex.org/W126446084","https://openalex.org/W199058730","https://openalex.org/W292284770","https://openalex.org/W1486994208","https://openalex.org/W1521512222","https://openalex.org/W1532701078","https://openalex.org/W1552688416","https://openalex.org/W1580332046","https://openalex.org/W1595888788","https://openalex.org/W1762731526","https://openalex.org/W1964618404","https://openalex.org/W1973018673","https://openalex.org/W1980672391","https://openalex.org/W1996790570","https://openalex.org/W2000115234","https://openalex.org/W2008144316","https://openalex.org/W2016076004","https://openalex.org/W2017333287","https://openalex.org/W2035538800","https://openalex.org/W2037521346","https://openalex.org/W2055483062","https://openalex.org/W2077593678","https://openalex.org/W2084320381","https://openalex.org/W2101825150","https://openalex.org/W2107002723","https://openalex.org/W2113524221","https://openalex.org/W2119226920","https://openalex.org/W2119872339","https://openalex.org/W2120522876","https://openalex.org/W2141961390","https://openalex.org/W2143272247","https://openalex.org/W2154614656","https://openalex.org/W2156343066","https://openalex.org/W2171602937","https://openalex.org/W2398736067","https://openalex.org/W2626666370","https://openalex.org/W3141126631","https://openalex.org/W3151224251","https://openalex.org/W6610468951","https://openalex.org/W6629112190","https://openalex.org/W6630917954","https://openalex.org/W6631963404","https://openalex.org/W6634765939","https://openalex.org/W6635733360"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355385389","https://openalex.org/W2358196329","https://openalex.org/W2349180100","https://openalex.org/W2123004098","https://openalex.org/W2329000706","https://openalex.org/W2061621954","https://openalex.org/W2017049262","https://openalex.org/W2045051421","https://openalex.org/W2412856813","https://openalex.org/W2039510424"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,189,239,249],"programming":[3],"languages":[4],"for":[5,112,145,179,216],"graphics":[6],"processing":[7],"units":[8],"(GPUs)":[9],"provide":[10],"developers":[11],"with":[12,176,182],"a":[13,91,100,173,235],"convenient":[14],"way":[15,92],"of":[16,51,72,93,116,125,138,156,192,199,268],"implementing":[17],"applications":[18,191,260],"which":[19,40,103,165],"can":[20,41],"be":[21,42,186],"executed":[22],"on":[23,105,122,202],"the":[24,70,106,110,114,123,126,129,136,154,159,167,203,220],"CPU":[25,107,204],"and":[26,35,108,205,211,248],"GPU":[27,111,127,140],"interchangeably.":[28],"GPUs":[29],"are":[30,228],"becoming":[31],"relatively":[32,282],"cheap,":[33],"powerful,":[34],"widely":[36],"available":[37],"hardware":[38,52],"components,":[39],"used":[43],"to":[44,84,134,185,230,259],"perform":[45],"intensive":[46],"calculations.":[47],"The":[48],"last":[49],"decade":[50],"performance":[53,210,269],"developments":[54],"shows":[55],"that":[56,79,177],"GPU-based":[57],"computation":[58],"is":[59,82,132,278],"progressing":[60],"significantly":[61],"faster":[62],"than":[63],"CPU-based":[64],"computation,":[65],"particularly":[66],"if":[67],"one":[68],"considers":[69],"execution":[71],"highly":[73],"parallelisable":[74],"algorithms.":[75],"Future":[76],"predictions":[77],"illustrate":[78],"this":[80,87,161,225],"trend":[81],"likely":[83],"continue.":[85],"In":[86,257],"paper,":[88],"we":[89,207,227],"introduce":[90],"accelerating":[94],"2-D/3-D":[95,180,200],"image":[96],"registration":[97,181,201,222],"by":[98,142,196],"developing":[99,143],"hybrid":[101],"system":[102],"executes":[104],"utilizes":[109],"parallelizing":[113],"generation":[115],"digitally":[117],"reconstructed":[118],"radiographs":[119],"(DRRs).":[120],"Based":[121],"advancements":[124],"over":[128],"CPU,":[130],"it":[131],"timely":[133],"exploit":[135],"benefits":[137],"many-core":[139],"technology":[141],"algorithms":[144],"DRR":[146,232],"generation.":[147],"Although":[148],"some":[149],"previous":[150],"work":[151],"has":[152],"investigated":[153],"rendering":[155],"DRRs":[157],"using":[158,242,252,281],"GPU,":[160,206],"paper":[162],"investigates":[163],"approximations":[164],"reduce":[166],"computational":[168],"overhead":[169],"while":[170],"still":[171],"maintaining":[172],"quality":[174],"consistent":[175],"needed":[178],"sufficient":[183],"accuracy":[184],"clinically":[187],"acceptable":[188],"certain":[190],"radiation":[193,272],"oncology.":[194],"Furthermore,":[195],"comparing":[197],"implementations":[198,218],"investigate":[208],"current":[209],"propose":[212],"an":[213,243],"optimal":[214],"framework":[215],"PC":[217,285],"addressing":[219],"rigid":[221],"problem.":[223],"Using":[224],"framework,":[226],"able":[229],"render":[231],"images":[233],"from":[234],"256\u00d7256\u00d7133":[236],"CT":[237],"volume":[238],"~24":[240],"ms":[241,251],"NVidia":[244,253],"GeForce":[245,254],"8800":[246],"GTX":[247,255],"~2":[250],"580.":[256],"addition":[258],"requiring":[261],"fast":[262],"automatic":[263],"patient":[264],"setup,":[265],"these":[266],"levels":[267],"suggest":[270],"image-guided":[271],"therapy":[273],"at":[274],"video":[275],"frame":[276],"rates":[277],"technically":[279],"feasible":[280],"low":[283],"cost":[284],"architecture.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
