{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162038986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2010.2098875","title":"Automated Sperm Immobilization for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection","display_name":"Automated Sperm Immobilization for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-03-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162038986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2010.2098875","mag":"2162038986","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21156388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2010.2098875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2010.2098875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045261921","display_name":"Clement H. C. Leung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8050-4644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clement Leung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada. clement.leung@utoronto.ca","Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada. clement.leung@utoronto.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101495005","display_name":"Zhe Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8780-7572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022821605","display_name":"Navid Esfandiari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-5236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Esfandiari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056727094","display_name":"Robert F. Casper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6249-462X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert F Casper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077878309","display_name":"Yu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7895-0741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Micro and Nanosystems Laboratory, University of Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8485,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94500731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"4","first_page":"935","last_page":"942"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10364","display_name":"Reproductive Biology and Fertility","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10490","display_name":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","score":0.9412000179290771,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm","display_name":"Sperm","score":0.9179176092147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intracytoplasmic-sperm-injection","display_name":"Intracytoplasmic sperm injection","score":0.8846132755279541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipette","display_name":"Pipette","score":0.49796628952026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.3955196738243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/andrology","display_name":"Andrology","score":0.3781498074531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3310171365737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.19517070055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-fertilisation","display_name":"In vitro fertilisation","score":0.16525158286094666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15527763962745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryo","display_name":"Embryo","score":0.1364860236644745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-biology","display_name":"Cell biology","score":0.09917303919792175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781087480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145","display_name":"Sperm","level":2,"score":0.9179176092147827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778278907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28700","display_name":"Intracytoplasmic sperm injection","level":4,"score":0.8846132755279541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151552171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163373","display_name":"Pipette","level":2,"score":0.49796628952026367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3955196738243103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16685009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057","display_name":"Andrology","level":1,"score":0.3781498074531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3310171365737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.19517070055007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512716672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200117","display_name":"In vitro fertilisation","level":3,"score":0.16525158286094666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15527763962745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196843134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33196","display_name":"Embryo","level":2,"score":0.1364860236644745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.09917303919792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002469","descriptor_name":"Cell Separation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002469","descriptor_name":"Cell Separation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002469","descriptor_name":"Cell Separation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002469","descriptor_name":"Cell Separation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002469","descriptor_name":"Cell Separation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002469","descriptor_name":"Cell Separation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008846","descriptor_name":"Micromanipulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008846","descriptor_name":"Micromanipulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008846","descriptor_name":"Micromanipulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008846","descriptor_name":"Micromanipulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008846","descriptor_name":"Micromanipulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008846","descriptor_name":"Micromanipulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013094","descriptor_name":"Spermatozoa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013094","descriptor_name":"Spermatozoa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013094","descriptor_name":"Spermatozoa","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019544","descriptor_name":"Equipment Failure Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020554","descriptor_name":"Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020554","descriptor_name":"Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020554","descriptor_name":"Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020554","descriptor_name":"Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020554","descriptor_name":"Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020554","descriptor_name":"Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058948","descriptor_name":"Cell Tracking","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058948","descriptor_name":"Cell Tracking","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058948","descriptor_name":"Cell Tracking","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058948","descriptor_name":"Cell Tracking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058948","descriptor_name":"Cell Tracking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058948","descriptor_name":"Cell Tracking","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2010.2098875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2010.2098875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21156388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21156388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.653.232","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.653.232","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://amnl.mie.utoronto.ca/data/J60.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500889496","https://openalex.org/W1663973292","https://openalex.org/W1882100685","https://openalex.org/W1971358190","https://openalex.org/W1996365802","https://openalex.org/W2032621741","https://openalex.org/W2049195306","https://openalex.org/W2066672702","https://openalex.org/W2070645165","https://openalex.org/W2076223869","https://openalex.org/W2079162471","https://openalex.org/W2107831290","https://openalex.org/W2112695595","https://openalex.org/W2116040950","https://openalex.org/W2122146498","https://openalex.org/W2126750161","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2144963640","https://openalex.org/W2146368825","https://openalex.org/W2148318032","https://openalex.org/W2152808206","https://openalex.org/W4212863985","https://openalex.org/W6639513505","https://openalex.org/W6662548997","https://openalex.org/W6668195140","https://openalex.org/W6676367791"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2135647905","https://openalex.org/W2085929006","https://openalex.org/W2062830226","https://openalex.org/W3023334784","https://openalex.org/W2039886798","https://openalex.org/W2067313354","https://openalex.org/W3192165816","https://openalex.org/W2057685224","https://openalex.org/W1984204545","https://openalex.org/W2903179456"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sperm":[0],"immobilization":[1,13,27,57,135],"is":[2,14,74,95],"a":[3,51,79,83,123,133,146],"requisite":[4],"step":[5],"in":[6,61],"intracytoplasmic":[7],"sperm":[8,12,26,56,80,91,104,107,115,124,134],"injection":[9],"(ICSI).":[10],"Conventionally,":[11],"performed":[15],"manually,":[16],"which":[17],"entails":[18],"long":[19],"training":[20],"hours":[21],"and":[22,36,43,67,81,144],"stringent":[23],"skills.":[24],"Manual":[25],"also":[28],"has":[29],"the":[30,71,87,99,103],"limitation":[31],"of":[32,119,130,138,148],"low":[33],"success":[34,128,136],"rates":[35],"poor":[37],"reproducibility":[38],"due":[39],"to":[40,58,76,85,97],"human":[41],"fatigue":[42],"skill":[44],"variations":[45],"across":[46],"operators.":[47],"This":[48],"paper":[49],"presents":[50],"system":[52,73,110],"for":[53,106],"fully":[54],"automated":[55,72],"eliminate":[59],"limitations":[60],"manual":[62],"operation.":[63],"Integrating":[64],"computer":[65],"vision":[66],"motion":[68],"control":[69,82],"algorithms,":[70],"able":[75],"visually":[77],"track":[78],"micropipette":[84],"immobilize":[86],"sperm.":[88],"A":[89],"robust":[90],"tail":[92,105,116,125],"tracking":[93,117,127],"algorithm":[94],"developed":[96],"locate":[98],"optimal":[100],"position":[101],"on":[102,141],"immobilization.":[108,153],"The":[109],"demonstrates:":[111],"1)":[112],"an":[113],"average":[114],"error":[118],"0.95":[120],"\u03bcm;":[121],"2)":[122],"visual":[126],"rate":[129,137],"96%;":[131],"3)":[132],"88.2%":[139],"(based":[140],"1000":[142],"trials);":[143],"4)":[145],"speed":[147],"6-7":[149],"s":[150],"per":[151],"successful":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}