{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130254859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2009.2031982","title":"A Step Toward Identification of Surgical Actions in Mastoidectomy","display_name":"A Step Toward Identification of Surgical Actions in Mastoidectomy","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130254859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2009.2031982","mag":"2130254859","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19770082"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2009.2031982","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2009.2031982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4843799","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025512762","display_name":"Uttama Lahiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-5404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U. Lahiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235-1592, USA. uttama.lahiri@vanderbilt.edu","[Dept. of Mech. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235-1592, USA. uttama.lahiri@vanderbilt.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Mech. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056906575","display_name":"Robert F. Labadie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0541-4336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.F. Labadie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA","Med. Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Med. Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100769433","display_name":"Changchun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2162-4379"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887054487","display_name":"MathWorks (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01n8qtk87","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887054487"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changchun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA","[MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887054487"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887054487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109928568","display_name":"Ramya Balachandran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Balachandran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA","Med. Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Med. Center, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054267379","display_name":"Omid Majdani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8582-7204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34809795","display_name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2yqf98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O. Majdani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Hannover, Hanover, Germany","Dept. of Otolaryngology, Med. Univ. of Hannover, Hannover, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Hannover, Hanover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34809795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Otolaryngology, Med. Univ. of Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076622286","display_name":"Nilanjan Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3969-0593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","[Dept. of Mech. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Mech. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, TN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7224,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78883788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"2","first_page":"479","last_page":"487"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mastoidectomy","display_name":"Mastoidectomy","score":0.8820084929466248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-procedures","display_name":"Surgical procedures","score":0.4541269838809967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.44990429282188416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.44970107078552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.4355507493019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4025001525878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21392369270324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cholesteatoma","display_name":"Cholesteatoma","score":0.11341214179992676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4462424","display_name":"Mastoidectomy","level":3,"score":0.8820084929466248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019611579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6641956","display_name":"Surgical procedures","level":2,"score":0.4541269838809967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.44990429282188416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.44970107078552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.4355507493019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4025001525878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21392369270324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780725665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558230","display_name":"Cholesteatoma","level":2,"score":0.11341214179992676}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008416","descriptor_name":"Mastoid","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008416","descriptor_name":"Mastoid","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008416","descriptor_name":"Mastoid","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008416","descriptor_name":"Mastoid","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008416","descriptor_name":"Mastoid","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008416","descriptor_name":"Mastoid","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008416","descriptor_name":"Mastoid","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008416","descriptor_name":"Mastoid","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013514","descriptor_name":"Surgical Procedures, Operative","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013514","descriptor_name":"Surgical Procedures, Operative","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013514","descriptor_name":"Surgical Procedures, Operative","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013514","descriptor_name":"Surgical Procedures, Operative","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025321","descriptor_name":"Surgery, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025321","descriptor_name":"Surgery, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025321","descriptor_name":"Surgery, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D025321","descriptor_name":"Surgery, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2009.2031982","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2009.2031982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19770082","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19770082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4843799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4843799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4843799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4843799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4098650162","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21EB006044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G86250418","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21 EB006044-01A1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W64901539","https://openalex.org/W125260059","https://openalex.org/W155545896","https://openalex.org/W325132576","https://openalex.org/W1482605500","https://openalex.org/W1499900670","https://openalex.org/W1535734535","https://openalex.org/W1843000822","https://openalex.org/W1843753450","https://openalex.org/W1984533126","https://openalex.org/W1992015444","https://openalex.org/W1997493096","https://openalex.org/W2000895242","https://openalex.org/W2027913322","https://openalex.org/W2030580999","https://openalex.org/W2042335421","https://openalex.org/W2053623056","https://openalex.org/W2058356751","https://openalex.org/W2087318557","https://openalex.org/W2091215452","https://openalex.org/W2094709280","https://openalex.org/W2103505506","https://openalex.org/W2104264684","https://openalex.org/W2104353650","https://openalex.org/W2112497398","https://openalex.org/W2128838222","https://openalex.org/W2130256867","https://openalex.org/W2141633144","https://openalex.org/W2145081273","https://openalex.org/W2151716470","https://openalex.org/W2153312056","https://openalex.org/W2155216368","https://openalex.org/W2157814873","https://openalex.org/W2158353947","https://openalex.org/W2160758472","https://openalex.org/W2160899683","https://openalex.org/W2163551395","https://openalex.org/W4252868912","https://openalex.org/W6611110775","https://openalex.org/W6628911050","https://openalex.org/W6631842937","https://openalex.org/W6664949997","https://openalex.org/W6682528943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2080531066","https://openalex.org/W3108674512","https://openalex.org/W1506200166","https://openalex.org/W1489783725","https://openalex.org/W2148612803"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mastoidectomy":[0],"is":[1,10,15,25,76,130],"a":[2,32,46,49,85,101,122,137],"core":[3],"surgical":[4,37,57,94,116,125,134],"procedure":[5,14,135],"in":[6,157],"otologic":[7],"surgery.":[8],"It":[9],"believed":[11,27],"that":[12,28],"the":[13,41,55,65,80,93,115,133],"performed":[16],"by":[17],"different":[18],"surgeons":[19,30],"with":[20],"some":[21],"variability.":[22],"However,":[23],"it":[24],"also":[26],"all":[29],"use":[31],"finite":[33],"number":[34],"of":[35,114,124,139],"fundamental":[36,56],"actions":[38,58],"to":[39,53,78,83,88,104,131],"complete":[40,84],"procedure.":[42],"To":[43],"determine":[44,64],"how":[45],"surgeon":[47],"performs":[48],"mastoidectomy,":[50],"we":[51,99],"sought":[52],"identify":[54],"[called":[59],"action":[60],"primitives":[61],"(APs)]":[62],"and":[63,87,90,112,118,153],"transition":[66,151],"boundaries":[67,152],"among":[68],"those":[69],"APs.":[70,140],"Our":[71],"motivation":[72],"for":[73,107],"this":[74,97],"paper":[75,142],"both":[77],"delineate":[79],"APs":[81,155],"necessary":[82],"mastoidectomy":[86],"optimize":[89],"potentially":[91],"automate":[92],"process.":[95],"In":[96],"paper,":[98],"present":[100],"new":[102],"approach":[103],"developing":[105],"methods":[106],"parsing":[108],"raw":[109],"data":[110],"(position":[111],"orientation":[113],"tool":[117],"end-effector":[119],"force)":[120],"into":[121,136],"sequence":[123],"tasks.":[126],"The":[127],"overall":[128],"objective":[129],"de-construct":[132],"series":[138],"This":[141],"presents":[143],"results":[144],"from":[145],"our":[146],"initial":[147],"investigation":[148],"on":[149],"detecting":[150],"identifying":[154],"involved":[156],"mastoidectomy.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}