{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2172048779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2009.2017509","title":"A Hybrid Geometric\u2013Statistical Deformable Model for Automated 3-D Segmentation in Brain MRI","display_name":"A Hybrid Geometric\u2013Statistical Deformable Model for Automated 3-D Segmentation in Brain MRI","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2172048779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2009.2017509","mag":"2172048779","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19336280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2009.2017509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2009.2017509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009600247","display_name":"Albert Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1268-4780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Albert Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. alberth@ece.ubc.ca","The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. alberth@ece.ubc.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032677260","display_name":"Rafeef Abugharbieh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Abugharbieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084754494","display_name":"Roger Tam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-2587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Tam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009600247"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6088,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93933477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"7","first_page":"1838","last_page":"1848"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7980092763900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7633814811706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6487010717391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6215806007385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxel","display_name":"Voxel","score":0.5742651224136353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5498672127723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5495051145553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5464046597480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.48728787899017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-space-segmentation","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","score":0.4840768873691559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesic","display_name":"Geodesic","score":0.4562056064605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s\u00f8rensen\u2013dice-coefficient","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","score":0.4301711916923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneity","display_name":"Homogeneity (statistics)","score":0.4200015068054199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3023691773414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.09438624978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.08008575439453125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7980092763900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7633814811706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6487010717391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6215806007385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.5742651224136353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5498672127723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5495051145553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5464046597480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.48728787899017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65885262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7429708","display_name":"Scale-space segmentation","level":4,"score":0.4840768873691559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165818556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213488","display_name":"Geodesic","level":2,"score":0.4562056064605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163892561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2613728","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","level":4,"score":0.4301711916923523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142259097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891314","display_name":"Homogeneity (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4200015068054199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3023691773414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09438624978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08008575439453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbme.2009.2017509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2009.2017509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5240358","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","issn_l":"0018-9294","issn":["0018-9294","1558-2531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19336280","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19336280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.165.5964","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.165.5964","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.ubc.ca/spider/rtam/Huang_TBME_2009.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2076279","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3068615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307758","display_name":"Eli Lilly and Company","ror":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307765","display_name":"Pfizer","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337363","display_name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","ror":"https://ror.org/00372qc85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480636030","https://openalex.org/W1492998137","https://openalex.org/W1527342679","https://openalex.org/W1556095867","https://openalex.org/W1590544203","https://openalex.org/W1935905310","https://openalex.org/W1966743212","https://openalex.org/W1972731016","https://openalex.org/W1974014454","https://openalex.org/W1983482668","https://openalex.org/W1983810376","https://openalex.org/W1987869189","https://openalex.org/W1991113069","https://openalex.org/W2001469430","https://openalex.org/W2004349848","https://openalex.org/W2017436306","https://openalex.org/W2036142047","https://openalex.org/W2043647324","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2071881327","https://openalex.org/W2086807297","https://openalex.org/W2089351022","https://openalex.org/W2097109632","https://openalex.org/W2098308026","https://openalex.org/W2105868963","https://openalex.org/W2108707886","https://openalex.org/W2114487471","https://openalex.org/W2116040950","https://openalex.org/W2118386984","https://openalex.org/W2119848633","https://openalex.org/W2122165678","https://openalex.org/W2125562121","https://openalex.org/W2127890285","https://openalex.org/W2129821250","https://openalex.org/W2130686832","https://openalex.org/W2132460542","https://openalex.org/W2136573752","https://openalex.org/W2138921550","https://openalex.org/W2139383790","https://openalex.org/W2140526699","https://openalex.org/W2141489693","https://openalex.org/W2143977263","https://openalex.org/W2144946000","https://openalex.org/W2148347694","https://openalex.org/W2148395215","https://openalex.org/W2150134853","https://openalex.org/W2151050383","https://openalex.org/W2152180867","https://openalex.org/W2154202208","https://openalex.org/W2157848968","https://openalex.org/W2158008371","https://openalex.org/W2160871494","https://openalex.org/W2162630772","https://openalex.org/W2163641550","https://openalex.org/W2164003825","https://openalex.org/W2165734775","https://openalex.org/W2168567852","https://openalex.org/W2169351022","https://openalex.org/W2170343378","https://openalex.org/W2427881153","https://openalex.org/W2992431312","https://openalex.org/W3146757302","https://openalex.org/W3211330693","https://openalex.org/W4231627457","https://openalex.org/W6629601833"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3027020613","https://openalex.org/W1999392235","https://openalex.org/W1978591761","https://openalex.org/W2016533837","https://openalex.org/W2059493168","https://openalex.org/W2075537321","https://openalex.org/W2941285539","https://openalex.org/W3167885074","https://openalex.org/W4287661821","https://openalex.org/W2371593620"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,72,93],"present":[1],"a":[2,58,112,133],"novel":[3,59],"3-D":[4],"deformable":[5],"model-based":[6],"approach":[7],"for":[8,43],"accurate,":[9],"robust,":[10],"and":[11,53,67,89,122,146],"automated":[12],"tissue":[13],"segmentation":[14,45,78,117,125],"of":[15,19,31,76,85,98,140],"brain":[16,82,106],"MRI":[17,83,107],"data":[18],"single":[20,87],"as":[21,23],"well":[22],"multiple":[24,90],"magnetic":[25],"resonance":[26],"sequences.":[27,92],"The":[28],"main":[29],"contribution":[30],"this":[32],"study":[33],"is":[34],"that":[35],"we":[36],"employ":[37],"an":[38],"edge-based":[39],"geodesic":[40],"active":[41],"contour":[42,65],"the":[44,74,77,96,99],"task":[46],"by":[47],"integrating":[48],"both":[49,86],"image":[50],"edge":[51],"geometry":[52],"voxel":[54],"statistical":[55],"homogeneity":[56],"into":[57],"hybrid":[60],"geometric-statistical":[61],"feature":[62],"to":[63,104,111],"regularize":[64],"convergence":[66],"extract":[68],"complex":[69],"anatomical":[70],"structures.":[71],"validate":[73],"accuracy":[75,130],"results":[79],"on":[80],"simulated":[81],"scans":[84],"T1-weighted":[88],"T1/T2/PD-weighted":[91],"also":[94],"demonstrate":[95],"robustness":[97],"proposed":[100],"method":[101],"when":[102],"applied":[103],"clinical":[105],"scans.":[108],"When":[109],"compared":[110],"current":[113],"state-of-the-art":[114],"region-based":[115],"level-set":[116],"formulation,":[118],"our":[119],"white":[120],"matter":[121,124],"gray":[123],"resulted":[126],"in":[127,136],"significantly":[128],"higher":[129],"levels":[131],"with":[132],"mean":[134],"improvement":[135],"Dice":[137],"similarity":[138],"indexes":[139],"8.55%":[141],"(":[142,148],"p":[143,149],"<":[144,150],"0.0001)":[145],"10.18%":[147],"0.0001),":[151],"respectively.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
