{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195634367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2021.3101517","title":"On the Merge of k-NN Graph","display_name":"On the Merge of k-NN Graph","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195634367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2021.3101517","mag":"3195634367"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbdata.2021.3101517","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2021.3101517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2491400915","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","issn_l":"2332-7790","issn":["2332-7790","2372-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101660306","display_name":"Wan\u2010Lei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7915-447X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wan-Lei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340000","display_name":"Hui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8982-0571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030850547","display_name":"Peng-Cheng Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191208505","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng-Cheng Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191208505"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010722442","display_name":"Chong\u2010Wah Ngo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4182-8261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chong-Wah Ngo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67148147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merge","display_name":"Merge (version control)","score":0.7060115337371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6491501927375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5194898843765259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4592592120170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3367818593978882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.33384376764297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3211537003517151}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.7060115337371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6491501927375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5194898843765259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4592592120170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3367818593978882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.33384376764297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3211537003517151}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbdata.2021.3101517","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2021.3101517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2491400915","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","issn_l":"2332-7790","issn":["2332-7790","2372-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1149768127","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20720180074","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325434","funder_display_name":"Xiamen University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6510028675","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fd1\u4f3c\u56fe\u50cf\u68c0\u7d22\u53ca\u6316\u6398\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61572408","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8375933051","display_name":"\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u89c6\u89c9\u5b9e\u4f8b\u68c0\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61972326","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325434","display_name":"Xiamen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mcjh785"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17346433","https://openalex.org/W138284169","https://openalex.org/W206566442","https://openalex.org/W642889137","https://openalex.org/W1978112828","https://openalex.org/W1980090536","https://openalex.org/W1992371516","https://openalex.org/W2001141328","https://openalex.org/W2020308406","https://openalex.org/W2053186076","https://openalex.org/W2086179657","https://openalex.org/W2086504823","https://openalex.org/W2096578865","https://openalex.org/W2099253838","https://openalex.org/W2110026675","https://openalex.org/W2118269922","https://openalex.org/W2119913432","https://openalex.org/W2121456571","https://openalex.org/W2124509324","https://openalex.org/W2130502756","https://openalex.org/W2131846894","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2157169955","https://openalex.org/W2162006472","https://openalex.org/W2165558283","https://openalex.org/W2170037597","https://openalex.org/W2228830251","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2411707397","https://openalex.org/W2427312773","https://openalex.org/W2468923260","https://openalex.org/W2526367648","https://openalex.org/W2530430788","https://openalex.org/W2795392346","https://openalex.org/W2948180465","https://openalex.org/W2949985202","https://openalex.org/W2960484119","https://openalex.org/W2962882838","https://openalex.org/W2963265099","https://openalex.org/W2963284996","https://openalex.org/W2963469388","https://openalex.org/W3048584318","https://openalex.org/W6600697508","https://openalex.org/W6605707561","https://openalex.org/W6638333026","https://openalex.org/W6648560114","https://openalex.org/W6679446029","https://openalex.org/W6683389101","https://openalex.org/W6685012337","https://openalex.org/W6727823000","https://openalex.org/W6749748117","https://openalex.org/W6763400816","https://openalex.org/W7062905887"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2369673098","https://openalex.org/W2386315983","https://openalex.org/W2158198137","https://openalex.org/W2384888906","https://openalex.org/W2376314740","https://openalex.org/W2366644548","https://openalex.org/W2357241418","https://openalex.org/W2119214692","https://openalex.org/W2150276710","https://openalex.org/W3107474891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"<italic":[0,40,47,67,83,107,122,146,165],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[1,41,48,68,84,108,123,147,166],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">k</i>":[2,42,49,69,85,109,124,148,167],"-nearest":[3,43],"neighbor":[4,44],"graph":[5,45,87,150],"is":[6,101,140,172],"a":[7,53,57,97,136,152,162],"fundamental":[8],"data":[9,183],"structure":[10],"in":[11,89,130],"many":[12],"disciplines":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"information":[16],"retrieval,":[17],"data-mining,":[18],"pattern":[19],"recognition,":[20],"and":[21,186],"machine":[22],"learning,":[23],"etc.":[24],"In":[25,75,93,132],"the":[26,80,94,118,133,158,176],"literature,":[27],"considerable":[28],"research":[29],"has":[30,72],"been":[31,73],"focusing":[32],"on":[33],"how":[34,62],"to":[35,63,103,142],"efficiently":[36],"build":[37],"an":[38,144],"approximate":[39,106,164],"(":[46],"-NN":[50,70,86,110,125,149,168],"graph)":[51],"for":[52,178],"fixed":[54],"dataset.":[55,154],"Unfortunately,":[56],"closely":[58],"related":[59],"issue":[60,81],"of":[61,82,121,161,181],"merge":[64,99,138],"two":[65,90,105],"existing":[66,145],"graphs":[71,126],"overlooked.":[74],"this":[76],"paper,":[77],"we":[78],"address":[79],"merging":[88,120],"different":[91],"scenarios.":[92],"first":[95],"scenario,":[96,135],"symmetric":[98],"algorithm":[100,113,139,156],"proposed":[102,141],"combine":[104],"graphs.":[111],"The":[112,155],"facilitates":[114],"large-scale":[115],"processing":[116],"by":[117],"efficient":[119],"that":[127],"are":[128],"produced":[129],"parallel.":[131],"second":[134],"joint":[137],"expand":[143],"with":[151],"raw":[153],"enables":[157],"incremental":[159],"construction":[160],"hierarchical":[163],"graph.":[169],"Superior":[170],"performance":[171],"attained":[173],"when":[174],"leveraging":[175],"hierarchy":[177],"NN":[179],"search":[180],"various":[182],"types,":[184],"dimensionality,":[185],"distance":[187],"measures.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
