{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2594048902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2017.2679760","title":"Efficient Secure Outsourcing of Large-Scale Sparse Linear Systems of Equations","display_name":"Efficient Secure Outsourcing of Large-Scale Sparse Linear Systems of Equations","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2594048902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2017.2679760","mag":"2594048902"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbdata.2017.2679760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2017.2679760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2491400915","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","issn_l":"2332-7790","issn":["2332-7790","2372-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110045208","display_name":"Sergio Salinas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39587148","display_name":"Wichita State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00c4e7y75","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39587148"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Salinas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5545-8826","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39587148"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108048105","display_name":"Changqing Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-9380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changqing Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-9380","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773787","display_name":"Xuhui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3444-1226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuhui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083406034","display_name":"Weixian Liao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-8925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixian Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1444-8925","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100455171","display_name":"Pan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6522-2446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6522-2446","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4026,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97140897,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"26","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.761809766292572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5500364899635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"Outsourcing","score":0.4847833514213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.32194238901138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07509219646453857}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.761809766292572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5500364899635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.4847833514213562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.32194238901138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07509219646453857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbdata.2017.2679760","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2017.2679760","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2491400915","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","issn_l":"2332-7790","issn":["2332-7790","2372-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1447206801","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ECCS-1128768","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1824938871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1149786","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7343485665","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1343220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528653255","https://openalex.org/W1557386445","https://openalex.org/W1571821840","https://openalex.org/W1581137306","https://openalex.org/W1601098769","https://openalex.org/W1892798954","https://openalex.org/W1980100452","https://openalex.org/W1981577150","https://openalex.org/W1988007981","https://openalex.org/W2002506366","https://openalex.org/W2005028112","https://openalex.org/W2023116290","https://openalex.org/W2035080386","https://openalex.org/W2061910932","https://openalex.org/W2093909024","https://openalex.org/W2095595785","https://openalex.org/W2110173188","https://openalex.org/W2129510823","https://openalex.org/W2131814102","https://openalex.org/W2135846084","https://openalex.org/W2140153041","https://openalex.org/W2145166073","https://openalex.org/W2145965489","https://openalex.org/W2153486647","https://openalex.org/W2168739375","https://openalex.org/W2763592600","https://openalex.org/W3145585884","https://openalex.org/W4300349690","https://openalex.org/W4301014524","https://openalex.org/W4312258136","https://openalex.org/W6633271635","https://openalex.org/W6645816922"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2358200898","https://openalex.org/W2325765407","https://openalex.org/W618293728","https://openalex.org/W2291845669","https://openalex.org/W2788012436","https://openalex.org/W200604156","https://openalex.org/W4231184955"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Solving":[0],"large-scale":[1,155],"sparse":[2],"linear":[3,83],"systems":[4,84],"of":[5,10,40,82,85,113,130],"equations":[6,86],"(SLSEs)":[7],"is":[8,22,53,129],"one":[9,47],"the":[11,68,96,99,124,183,191],"most":[12],"common":[13,106],"and":[14,37,92,133,148,161,165,180],"fundamental":[15],"problems":[16],"in":[17,50,98,123,127],"big":[18],"data,":[19],"but":[20,126],"it":[21],"very":[23],"challenging":[24],"for":[25,70,153,190],"resource-limited":[26],"users.":[27],"Cloud":[28],"computing":[29,44,52],"has":[30,119,158],"been":[31,120],"proposed":[32,184],"as":[33],"a":[34,105,110],"timely,":[35],"efficient,":[36],"cost-effective":[38],"way":[39],"solving":[41,154],"such":[42],"expensive":[43],"tasks.":[45],"Nevertheless,":[46],"critical":[48],"concern":[49],"cloud":[51,69],"data":[54],"privacy.":[55],"Specifically,":[56],"clients\u2019":[57,168],"SLSEs":[58],"usually":[59],"contain":[60],"private":[61],"information":[62],"that":[63,182],"should":[64],"remain":[65],"hidden":[66],"from":[67],"ethical,":[71],"legal,":[72],"or":[73],"security":[74],"reasons.":[75],"Many":[76],"previous":[77,199],"works":[78],"on":[79,175],"secure":[80,150],"outsourcing":[81,138,151],"(LSEs)":[87],"have":[88],"high":[89],"computational":[90,160],"complexity,":[91],"do":[93],"not":[94],"exploit":[95],"sparsity":[97],"LSEs.":[100],"More":[101],"importantly,":[102],"they":[103],"share":[104],"serious":[107],"problem,":[108],"i.e.,":[109],"huge":[111],"number":[112],"memory":[114,162],"I/O":[115,163],"operations.":[116],"This":[117],"problem":[118],"largely":[121],"neglected":[122],"past,":[125],"fact":[128],"particular":[131],"importance":[132],"may":[134],"eventually":[135],"render":[136],"those":[137],"schemes":[139],"impractical.":[140],"In":[141],"this":[142],"paper,":[143],"we":[144],"develop":[145],"an":[146],"efficient":[147],"practical":[149],"algorithm":[152,174,185],"SLSEs,":[156],"which":[157],"low":[159],"complexities":[164],"can":[166],"protect":[167],"privacy":[169],"well.":[170],"We":[171],"implement":[172],"our":[173],"Amazon":[176],"Elastic":[177],"Compute":[178],"Cloud,":[179],"find":[181],"offers":[186],"significant":[187],"time":[188],"savings":[189],"client":[192],"(up":[193],"to":[194,198],"74":[195],"percent)":[196],"compared":[197],"algorithms.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}