{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2513667154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2016.2602231","title":"Learning to Classify Fine-Grained Categories with Privileged Visual-Semantic Misalignment","display_name":"Learning to Classify Fine-Grained Categories with Privileged Visual-Semantic Misalignment","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2513667154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2016.2602231","mag":"2513667154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbdata.2016.2602231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2016.2602231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2491400915","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","issn_l":"2332-7790","issn":["2332-7790","2372-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649535","display_name":"Ke Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0928-5199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028016065","display_name":"Zhaoxiang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2648-3875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoxiang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8593,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95253598,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"37","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8561310768127441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.7608249187469482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7010537385940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6762963533401489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.6013551354408264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5963192582130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5678120851516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5646349191665649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5178199410438538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-feature","display_name":"Semantic feature","score":0.5142478346824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4710652232170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46121346950531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.45873725414276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4404650330543518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4281836748123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.4119695723056793}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8561310768127441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.7608249187469482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7010537385940552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6762963533401489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.6013551354408264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5963192582130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5678120851516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5646349191665649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5178199410438538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781122975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16928266","display_name":"Semantic feature","level":2,"score":0.5142478346824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4710652232170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46121346950531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.45873725414276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4404650330543518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4281836748123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4119695723056793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbdata.2016.2602231","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbdata.2016.2602231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2491400915","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","issn_l":"2332-7790","issn":["2332-7790","2372-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1916479828","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"267581","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43954826","https://openalex.org/W55145144","https://openalex.org/W55197417","https://openalex.org/W56385144","https://openalex.org/W64813323","https://openalex.org/W815611303","https://openalex.org/W1531492214","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1616462885","https://openalex.org/W1625255723","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1797268635","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1898560071","https://openalex.org/W1972515067","https://openalex.org/W1972888803","https://openalex.org/W1976251851","https://openalex.org/W1976959044","https://openalex.org/W1977295328","https://openalex.org/W1980526845","https://openalex.org/W1994213117","https://openalex.org/W1995318441","https://openalex.org/W1995543189","https://openalex.org/W1998808035","https://openalex.org/W2003033789","https://openalex.org/W2014102544","https://openalex.org/W2018186689","https://openalex.org/W2022652211","https://openalex.org/W2038752770","https://openalex.org/W2044913453","https://openalex.org/W2049004244","https://openalex.org/W2067562626","https://openalex.org/W2071480959","https://openalex.org/W2075875861","https://openalex.org/W2079789819","https://openalex.org/W2098576843","https://openalex.org/W2098728436","https://openalex.org/W2100588357","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2103490241","https://openalex.org/W2118696714","https://openalex.org/W2119525058","https://openalex.org/W2126942721","https://openalex.org/W2135706578","https://openalex.org/W2139269942","https://openalex.org/W2141225381","https://openalex.org/W2146656095","https://openalex.org/W2147414309","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2156547346","https://openalex.org/W2158863190","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2169408065","https://openalex.org/W2169501191","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2533598788","https://openalex.org/W2950577311","https://openalex.org/W2963173190","https://openalex.org/W3100093508","https://openalex.org/W3143107425","https://openalex.org/W4231844182","https://openalex.org/W4294170691","https://openalex.org/W6601825177","https://openalex.org/W6602227229","https://openalex.org/W6602631698","https://openalex.org/W6631760426","https://openalex.org/W6636475194","https://openalex.org/W6636494156","https://openalex.org/W6636510571","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6643576548","https://openalex.org/W6648737282","https://openalex.org/W6649138653","https://openalex.org/W6651233513","https://openalex.org/W6674782520","https://openalex.org/W6675696936","https://openalex.org/W6677700107","https://openalex.org/W6680508596","https://openalex.org/W6681079333","https://openalex.org/W6682691769","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6684876274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3119773509","https://openalex.org/W3208297503","https://openalex.org/W2889153461","https://openalex.org/W2964117661","https://openalex.org/W156213964","https://openalex.org/W2050960118","https://openalex.org/W4388405611","https://openalex.org/W2786094008","https://openalex.org/W3131501806","https://openalex.org/W2799683370"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0],"categorisation":[1,26],"is":[2,13,171],"an":[3],"active":[4],"yet":[5],"challenging":[6],"research":[7],"topic":[8],"in":[9,151],"computer":[10],"vision,":[11],"which":[12,170],"to":[14,19,35,72,82,103,137,164,194],"classify":[15],"the":[16,54,74,84,97,105,113,140,148,152,166,180,183],"images":[17],"according":[18],"their":[20],"semantic":[21,100,120,153],"content.":[22],"Recently,":[23],"fine-grained":[24,87,106,188],"object":[25],"has":[27,78],"attracted":[28],"wide":[29],"attention":[30],"and":[31,42,119,124,146],"remains":[32],"difficult":[33],"due":[34],"feature":[36,117,144],"inconsistency":[37],"caused":[38],"by":[39,96],"smaller":[40],"inter-class":[41],"larger":[43],"intra-class":[44],"variation":[45,141],"as":[46,48,127],"well":[47],"large":[49],"varying":[50],"poses.":[51],"Most":[52],"of":[53,99,142,168,182],"existing":[55],"frameworks":[56],"focused":[57],"on":[58,91,186],"exploiting":[59],"a":[60,67,128,132,158],"more":[61,68,172],"discriminative":[62],"imagery":[63,143],"representation":[64,145],"or":[65],"developing":[66],"robust":[69],"classification":[70],"framework":[71,185],"mitigate":[73],"suffering.":[75],"The":[76],"concern":[77],"recently":[79],"been":[80],"paid":[81],"discovering":[83],"dependency":[85],"across":[86],"class":[88,107],"labels":[89],"based":[90],"Convolutional":[92],"Neural":[93],"Networks.":[94],"Encouraged":[95],"success":[98],"label":[101,121,149,154],"embedding":[102,122,155],"discover":[104],"labels'":[108],"correlation,":[109],"this":[110],"paper":[111],"exploits":[112],"misalignment":[114,160],"between":[115],"visual":[116],"space":[118,123],"incorporates":[125],"it":[126],"privileged":[129],"information":[130],"into":[131],"cost-sensitive":[133],"learning":[134],"framework.":[135],"Owing":[136],"capturing":[138],"both":[139],"also":[147],"correlation":[150],"space,":[156],"such":[157],"visual-semantic":[159],"can":[161],"be":[162],"employed":[163],"reflect":[165],"importance":[167],"instances,":[169],"informative":[173],"that":[174],"conventional":[175],"cost-sensitivities.":[176],"Experiment":[177],"results":[178],"demonstrate":[179],"effectiveness":[181],"proposed":[184],"public":[187],"benchmarks":[189],"with":[190],"achieving":[191],"superior":[192],"performance":[193],"state-of-the-arts.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
