{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409090198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2025.3557241","title":"A 9.68nW 57.51dB SNDR SAR ADC With Dual Bypass Windows Based on Non-Binary Split Capacitors for Biomedical Applications","display_name":"A 9.68nW 57.51dB SNDR SAR ADC With Dual Bypass Windows Based on Non-Binary Split Capacitors for Biomedical Applications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409090198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2025.3557241","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40173061"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2025.3557241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2025.3557241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kangkang Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3085-054X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangkang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3085-054X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100442541","display_name":"Jingjing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5285-4997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5285-4997","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100662276","display_name":"Feng Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6963-2302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6963-2302","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108920168","display_name":"Haoning Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5075-3729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoning Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5075-3729","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yafei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8380-1664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yafei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8380-1664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuan Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6373-2685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe University of Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6373-2685","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe University of Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102013306","display_name":"Linfei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2583-5850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linfei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","School of biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhe, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2583-5850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhe, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009035976","display_name":"Yao Pi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2385-2515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Pi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","School of biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhe, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2385-2515","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhe, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002339773","display_name":"Wanqing Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7594-1487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanqing Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","School of biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhe, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7594-1487","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhe, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jian Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-8106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-8106","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9811,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7275707,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"6","first_page":"1091","last_page":"1104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.7415709495544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.6499427556991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5698416829109192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.499281644821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/successive-approximation-adc","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","score":0.4959617555141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.40683573484420776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.39596325159072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3957037031650543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.36130931973457336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21438783407211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.13019025325775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1236003041267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.08427760004997253}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.7415709495544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.6499427556991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5698416829109192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.499281644821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.4959617555141449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.40683573484420776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.39596325159072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3957037031650543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36130931973457336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21438783407211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.13019025325775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1236003041267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.08427760004997253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000703","descriptor_name":"Analog-Digital Conversion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000703","descriptor_name":"Analog-Digital Conversion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2025.3557241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2025.3557241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40173061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40173061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G137698199","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62174181","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1549382382","https://openalex.org/W1581171242","https://openalex.org/W1972967427","https://openalex.org/W2014359522","https://openalex.org/W2019706806","https://openalex.org/W2068164598","https://openalex.org/W2070631620","https://openalex.org/W2101004723","https://openalex.org/W2143637414","https://openalex.org/W2145445962","https://openalex.org/W2164251692","https://openalex.org/W2460335223","https://openalex.org/W2549750322","https://openalex.org/W2753095659","https://openalex.org/W2800345977","https://openalex.org/W2810353230","https://openalex.org/W2906948512","https://openalex.org/W2943309058","https://openalex.org/W2953825043","https://openalex.org/W2972404073","https://openalex.org/W2982221936","https://openalex.org/W2997030307","https://openalex.org/W3020936220","https://openalex.org/W3029403066","https://openalex.org/W3041789392","https://openalex.org/W3089153550","https://openalex.org/W4200077617","https://openalex.org/W4312298727","https://openalex.org/W4313191830","https://openalex.org/W4321369614","https://openalex.org/W4365420549","https://openalex.org/W4367834514","https://openalex.org/W4386559649","https://openalex.org/W4387130473","https://openalex.org/W4387546405","https://openalex.org/W4387682356","https://openalex.org/W4390993510","https://openalex.org/W4392173026","https://openalex.org/W4392251633","https://openalex.org/W4392694027","https://openalex.org/W4399426626","https://openalex.org/W4399993938","https://openalex.org/W4400188676","https://openalex.org/W4400315029","https://openalex.org/W4403297003","https://openalex.org/W4405710112","https://openalex.org/W4406457871","https://openalex.org/W4406522556"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4398198689","https://openalex.org/W2354365353","https://openalex.org/W1988437325","https://openalex.org/W2811287415","https://openalex.org/W2354835317","https://openalex.org/W2759986866","https://openalex.org/W2130152888","https://openalex.org/W2003918017","https://openalex.org/W4391823081","https://openalex.org/W2109469245"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,108,135,172,189],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,82,114,118,124,130,165],"low-power":[4,83,205],"Successive":[5],"Approximation":[6],"Register":[7],"(SAR)":[8],"Analog-to-Digital":[9],"Conversion":[10],"(ADC)":[11],"with":[12],"dual":[13],"bypass":[14,27],"windows":[15,28],"based":[16,112],"on":[17,113],"non-binary":[18],"split":[19,32],"capacitors.":[20],"To":[21],"reduce":[22,92],"the":[23,26,31,36,43,50,54,93,97,101,140],"power":[24,106,119,191],"consumption,":[25],"constituted":[29],"by":[30,69,179],"capacitors":[33],"can":[34,90],"maximize":[35],"coverage":[37],"of":[38,96,121,127,133,158,161,169],"biological":[39],"signals":[40,196],"both":[41],"in":[42,208],"resting":[44],"state":[45],"and":[46,67,76,129,139,149,164,185],"excited":[47],"state.":[48],"When":[49],"signal":[51],"falls":[52],"within":[53],"designated":[55],"window,":[56],"unnecessary":[57],"conversion":[58],"cycles":[59],"are":[60,145],"skipped.":[61],"This":[62],"process":[63],"is":[64,73,87,176,197],"mainly":[65],"judged":[66],"controlled":[68],"digital":[70],"circuits,":[71],"which":[72,89],"highly":[74],"robust":[75],"does":[77],"not":[78],"require":[79],"calibration.":[80],"Meanwhile,":[81],"dynamic":[84,142],"CMOS":[85],"comparator":[86],"proposed,":[88],"effectively":[91],"voltage":[94,126],"variation":[95],"latch":[98],"node":[99],"during":[100],"comparator's":[102],"operation,":[103],"further":[104],"reducing":[105],"consumption.":[107],"proposed":[109,173],"SAR":[110,174,206],"ADC,":[111],"180nm":[115],"process,":[116],"measures":[117],"consumption":[120,192],"9.68nW":[122],"at":[123,147],"supply":[125],"0.6V":[128],"sampling":[131],"rate":[132],"5.21kS/s.":[134],"signal-to-noise-and-distortion":[136],"ratio":[137],"(SNDR)":[138],"spur-free":[141],"range":[143],"(SFDR)":[144],"measured":[146],"57.51dB":[148],"71.68dB,":[150],"respectively.":[151],"It":[152],"also":[153,177],"achieves":[154],"an":[155,201],"effective":[156],"number":[157],"bits":[159,163],"(ENOB)":[160],"9.26":[162],"Walden":[166],"figure-of-merit":[167],"(FoM)":[168],"2.9":[170],"fJ/conv.-step.":[171],"ADC":[175],"verified":[178],"collected":[180],"electromyogram":[181],"(EMG),":[182],"electrocardiogram":[183],"(ECG),":[184],"electroencephalogram":[186],"(EEG)":[187],"signals.":[188],"average":[190],"for":[193,204],"quantifying":[194],"EMG":[195],"7.95":[198],"nW,":[199],"providing":[200],"attractive":[202],"solution":[203],"ADCs":[207],"biomedical":[209],"applications.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}