{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406858558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2025.3533612","title":"An Active Microchannel Neural Interface for Implantable Electrical Stimulation and Recording","display_name":"An Active Microchannel Neural Interface for Implantable Electrical Stimulation and Recording","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406858558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2025.3533612","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40031356"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2025.3533612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2025.3533612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059162282","display_name":"Maryam Habibollahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2755-0750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Habibollahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2755-0750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044667482","display_name":"Dai Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9575-8831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dai Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9575-8831","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087829368","display_name":"Henry T. Lancashire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-7439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry Thomas Lancashire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1377-7439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012493816","display_name":"Andreas Demosthenous","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-963X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Demosthenous","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-963X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059162282"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0881,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93409373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"5","first_page":"1018","last_page":"1030"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microchannel","display_name":"Microchannel","score":0.7287172079086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.6636037826538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.5410152673721313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.531489372253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-electrical-stimulation","display_name":"Functional electrical stimulation","score":0.49777939915657043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.440228134393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4047025144100189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3982791304588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.388746976852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.351754367351532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24675095081329346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.19181624054908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.19034644961357117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.09449547529220581}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63662833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839341","display_name":"Microchannel","level":2,"score":0.7287172079086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.6636037826538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.5410152673721313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.531489372253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777766275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1327643","display_name":"Functional electrical stimulation","level":3,"score":0.49777939915657043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.440228134393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4047025144100189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3982791304588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.388746976852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.351754367351532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24675095081329346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.19181624054908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.19034644961357117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.09449547529220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28413391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785542","display_name":"Capillary number","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196806460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188603","display_name":"Capillary action","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000669","descriptor_name":"Amplifiers, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004567","descriptor_name":"Electrodes, Implanted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2025.3533612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2025.3533612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40031356","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40031356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10204210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10204210/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems     pp. 1-13.   (2025)     (In press).","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1799808761","https://openalex.org/W1965468485","https://openalex.org/W1966193527","https://openalex.org/W1973372355","https://openalex.org/W1980086968","https://openalex.org/W1982919432","https://openalex.org/W1995164434","https://openalex.org/W2013662327","https://openalex.org/W2073451535","https://openalex.org/W2104093558","https://openalex.org/W2134931391","https://openalex.org/W2147707331","https://openalex.org/W2148480251","https://openalex.org/W2175643771","https://openalex.org/W2198380397","https://openalex.org/W2327792914","https://openalex.org/W2332787502","https://openalex.org/W2495352079","https://openalex.org/W2525312959","https://openalex.org/W2604523147","https://openalex.org/W2743629223","https://openalex.org/W2752075250","https://openalex.org/W2790547683","https://openalex.org/W2790961768","https://openalex.org/W2801365015","https://openalex.org/W2805030207","https://openalex.org/W2886606287","https://openalex.org/W2906538813","https://openalex.org/W2909059685","https://openalex.org/W2909195745","https://openalex.org/W2973877937","https://openalex.org/W2987716324","https://openalex.org/W3000539996","https://openalex.org/W3008994271","https://openalex.org/W3025369647","https://openalex.org/W3025507103","https://openalex.org/W3037295095","https://openalex.org/W3092717999","https://openalex.org/W3126837182","https://openalex.org/W3139145922","https://openalex.org/W3199544981","https://openalex.org/W3204012403","https://openalex.org/W4247394764","https://openalex.org/W4318975446","https://openalex.org/W4376226604","https://openalex.org/W4387043471","https://openalex.org/W4387250631","https://openalex.org/W4389266081","https://openalex.org/W4390993521","https://openalex.org/W4394938920","https://openalex.org/W4400727368"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1818839458","https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W2387714547","https://openalex.org/W3095560982","https://openalex.org/W4377019070","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W4379229462","https://openalex.org/W2716318271","https://openalex.org/W2136111079","https://openalex.org/W2898837172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"mm-sized,":[1],"implantable":[2],"neural":[3,67,104,127,233],"interface":[4,188,211],"for":[5,214],"bidirectional":[6],"control":[7,42,175,192],"of":[8,43,49,142,159,176,208,225],"the":[9,151,209,231],"peripheral":[10,216],"nerves":[11],"with":[12,83,115,137,168],"microchannel":[13],"electrodes":[14],"is":[15,35,162,179],"presented":[16],"in":[17,26,69,181,201],"this":[18],"paper.":[19],"The":[20,126],"application-specific":[21],"integrated":[22],"circuit":[23],"(ASIC)":[24],"developed":[25],"a":[27,84,111,116,131,165,169,182],"0.18":[28],"<inline-formula":[29,79,86,144],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[30,45,56,80,87,145,148,186,204,221],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex-math":[31,46,81,88,146],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m":[32],"CMOS":[33],"technology":[34],"designed":[36],"to":[37,77,100,123,196,199,235],"achieve":[38],"highly":[39],"selective,":[40],"concurrent":[41,226],"300-<inline-formula":[44],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>m-wide":[47],"groups":[48],"small":[50],"nerve":[51,217],"sections.":[52],"It":[53],"has":[54],"<italic":[55,203,220],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">in-situ</i>,":[57],"high-voltage-compliant":[58],"(45":[59],"V)":[60,66],"electrical":[61,236],"stimulation":[62,227],"and":[63,96,102,133,157,228],"low-voltage":[64],"(1.8":[65],"recording":[68,128,229],"each":[70],"channel.":[71],"Biphasic":[72],"stimulus":[73,160],"current":[74],"pulses":[75],"up":[76,122,195],"124":[78],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>A,":[82],"2":[85],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>A":[89],"resolution":[90],"are":[91,108],"generated":[92],"between":[93],"7.4":[94],"Hz":[95],"20":[97],"kHz":[98,113],"frequencies":[99],"stimulate":[101],"block":[103],"activity.":[105],"Action":[106],"potentials":[107],"measured":[109,232],"across":[110,150],"10":[112],"bandwidth":[114],"variable":[117],"gain":[118],"response":[119,234],"that":[120,193],"ranges":[121],"72":[124],"dB.":[125],"front-end":[129],"implements":[130],"low-power":[132],"low-noise":[134],"biopotential":[135],"amplifier":[136,171],"an":[138],"input-referred":[139],"noise":[140],"(IRN)":[141],"2.74":[143],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu$</tex-math></inline-formula>V<sub":[147],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">rms</sub>":[149],"full":[152],"measurement":[153],"bandwidth.":[154],"Automatic":[155],"detection":[156],"reduction":[158],"artifacts":[161],"realised":[163],"using":[164,190],"pole-shifting":[166],"mechanism":[167],"1-ms":[170],"recovery":[172],"time.":[173],"Versatile":[174],"concurrently-operating":[177],"channels":[178],"achieved":[180],"two-channel,":[183],"2.31":[184],"mm<sup":[185],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[187],"ASIC":[189],"local":[191],"allows":[194],"seven":[197],"devices":[198],"operate":[200],"parallel.":[202],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">In":[205],"vitro</i>":[206],"validation":[207],"active":[210],"shows":[212],"feasibility":[213],"closed-loop":[215],"control,":[218],"while":[219],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">ex":[222],"vivo</i>":[223],"analyses":[224],"demonstrates":[230],"stimuli.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-04T09:04:59.091469","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
