{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381785765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3288891","title":"A 2D Ultrasound Phased-Array Transmitter ASIC for High-Frequency US Stimulation and Powering","display_name":"A 2D Ultrasound Phased-Array Transmitter ASIC for High-Frequency US Stimulation and Powering","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381785765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3288891","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37352088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2023.3288891","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3288891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_c31aa3b2-51d1-423c-95f8-e437428e46b9","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017443924","display_name":"Hassan Rivandi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1558-9941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hassan Rivandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioelectronics Section, Microelectronics Department, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioelectronics Section, Microelectronics Department, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045473557","display_name":"Tiago Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-9191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiago L. Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioelectronics Section, Microelectronics Department, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioelectronics Section, Microelectronics Department, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017443924"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9079,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84986904,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"701","last_page":"712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10958","display_name":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10958","display_name":"Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.8205149173736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7788504362106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.7425221800804138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5185628533363342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4761928617954254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4325698912143707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3889022171497345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.37529700994491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36393603682518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.30927953124046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.10257917642593384}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.8205149173736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7788504362106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.7425221800804138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5185628533363342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4761928617954254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4325698912143707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3889022171497345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37529700994491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36393603682518005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.30927953124046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.10257917642593384}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014159","descriptor_name":"Transducers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014463","descriptor_name":"Ultrasonography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2023.3288891","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3288891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37352088","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37352088","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:7c96c5e9-085f-4d3c-9f66-b92ac8d58441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7c96c5e9-085f-4d3c-9f66-b92ac8d58441","pdf_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_c31aa3b2-51d1-423c-95f8-e437428e46b9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:7c96c5e9-085f-4d3c-9f66-b92ac8d58441","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7c96c5e9-085f-4d3c-9f66-b92ac8d58441","pdf_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_c31aa3b2-51d1-423c-95f8-e437428e46b9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381785765.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4381785765.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081038213","https://openalex.org/W2086956498","https://openalex.org/W2089845241","https://openalex.org/W2153331765","https://openalex.org/W2162473564","https://openalex.org/W2495352079","https://openalex.org/W2508184832","https://openalex.org/W2569264893","https://openalex.org/W2608608853","https://openalex.org/W2774645052","https://openalex.org/W2888291143","https://openalex.org/W2944853512","https://openalex.org/W2946907863","https://openalex.org/W2953093682","https://openalex.org/W2981777948","https://openalex.org/W3001121881","https://openalex.org/W3004732055","https://openalex.org/W3011296061","https://openalex.org/W3023784205","https://openalex.org/W3040309034","https://openalex.org/W3157305514","https://openalex.org/W3171099858","https://openalex.org/W3182542353","https://openalex.org/W3186702091","https://openalex.org/W3196136766","https://openalex.org/W3213376147","https://openalex.org/W4200344257","https://openalex.org/W4229078692","https://openalex.org/W4282926846","https://openalex.org/W4309242579","https://openalex.org/W4313478146","https://openalex.org/W4317987642","https://openalex.org/W6804606524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355663289","https://openalex.org/W2106913410","https://openalex.org/W4380372336","https://openalex.org/W2354248671","https://openalex.org/W2359134391","https://openalex.org/W2947628004","https://openalex.org/W2594116857","https://openalex.org/W2935229758","https://openalex.org/W1989454727","https://openalex.org/W2127587082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ultrasound":[0],"(US)":[1],"neuromodulation":[2],"and":[3,26,115,171,188,193,224,233],"ultrasonic":[4],"power":[5,139,228],"transfer":[6],"to":[7,66,163,196],"implanted":[8],"devices":[9],"demand":[10],"novel":[11],"ultrasound":[12,18,43,87],"transmitters":[13],"capable":[14],"of":[15,42,61,70,83,85,101,117,130,147,208,215,240],"steering":[16],"focused":[17],"waves":[19],"in":[20,75,144,150],"3D":[21],"with":[22,47,211,237],"high":[23],"spatial":[24],"resolution":[25],"US":[27,132],"pressure,":[28],"while":[29,137],"having":[30],"a":[31,39,48,81,118,175,212,238],"miniaturized":[32],"form":[33],"factor.":[34],"Meeting":[35],"these":[36,108],"requirements":[37],"needs":[38],"2D":[40,50,77,120],"array":[41],"transducers":[44],"directly":[45],"integrated":[46],"high-frequency":[49,119,135,198],"phased-array":[51,78,121,182,199],"ASIC.":[52,63,122],"However,":[53],"this":[54],"imposes":[55],"severe":[56],"challenges":[57,109],"on":[58,127],"the":[59,62,68,73,76,86,95,99,112,128,131,145,165,205,209,230],"design":[60,100],"In":[64],"order":[65],"avoid":[67],"generation":[69],"grating":[71],"lobes,":[72],"elements":[74],"should":[79],"have":[80],"pitch":[82,177],"half":[84],"wavelength,":[88],"which,":[89],"as":[90],"frequency":[91],"increases,":[92],"highly":[93],"reduces":[94],"area":[96],"available":[97],"for":[98],"high-voltage":[102],"beamforming":[103,159,172],"channels.":[104],"This":[105,141],"article":[106],"addresses":[107],"by":[110],"presenting":[111],"system-level":[113,124],"optimization":[114,129],"implementation":[116,146],"The":[123,201,218],"study":[125,142],"focuses":[126],"transmitter":[133],"toward":[134],"operation":[136],"minimizing":[138],"consumption.":[140],"resulted":[143],"two":[148],"ASICs":[149],"TSMC":[151],"180":[152],"nm":[153],"BCD":[154],"technology:":[155],"firstly,":[156],"an":[157],"individual":[158],"channel":[160],"was":[161,191],"designed":[162,192],"demonstrate":[164,197],"tradeoffs":[166],"between":[167],"frequency,":[168],"driving":[169],"voltage,":[170],"capabilities.":[173],"Finally,":[174],"12-MHz":[176],"matched":[178],"12":[179,181],"\u00d7":[180],"ASIC":[183,210],"working":[184],"at":[185],"20-V":[186],"amplitude":[187],"3-bit":[189],"phasing":[190,206],"experimentally":[194],"validated,":[195],"operation.":[200],"measurement":[202],"results":[203],"verify":[204],"functionality":[207],"maximum":[213],"DNL":[214],"0.35":[216],"LSB.":[217],"CMOS":[219],"chip":[220],"consumes":[221],"130":[222],"mW":[223,226],"26.6":[225],"average":[227],"during":[229],"continuous":[231],"pulsing":[232],"delivering":[234],"200-pulse":[235],"bursts":[236],"PRF":[239],"1":[241],"kHz,":[242],"respectively.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
