{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4327852040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3254453","title":"A Multi-Site, Multi-Wavelength PPG Platform for Continuous Non-Invasive Health Monitoring in Hospital Settings","display_name":"A Multi-Site, Multi-Wavelength PPG Platform for Continuous Non-Invasive Health Monitoring in Hospital Settings","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4327852040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3254453","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37163387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2023.3254453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3254453","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4156126/4358093/10075465.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4156126/4358093/10075465.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034728156","display_name":"Stefan Karolcik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3638-0741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Karolcik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3638-0741","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032587104","display_name":"Damien Ming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3125-6378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damien K. Ming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Imperial College London, London, U.K","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050849168","display_name":"Sophie Yacoub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2910-7819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155479","display_name":"Hospital for Tropical Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/040tqsb23","country_code":"VN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB","VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophie Yacoub","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044991598","display_name":"Alison Holmes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5554-5743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alison H. Holmes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Imperial College London, London, U.K","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069244062","display_name":"Pantelis Georgiou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2476-3857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pantelis Georgiou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2476-3857","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8703,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90993807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":"349","last_page":"361"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.7844843864440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.5748873353004456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse","display_name":"Pulse (music)","score":0.5621633529663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5255445241928101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4818659722805023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.45580530166625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.44417130947113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.4423127770423889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40777528285980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33455485105514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.27093830704689026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.23897606134414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23176568746566772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22005489468574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17726626992225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.17435479164123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.14737272262573242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.7844843864440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.5748873353004456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.5621633529663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5255445241928101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4818659722805023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.45580530166625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.44417130947113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4423127770423889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40777528285980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33455485105514526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.27093830704689026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23897606134414673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23176568746566772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22005489468574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17726626992225647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.17435479164123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.14737272262573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005385","descriptor_name":"Fingers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010092","descriptor_name":"Oximetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010092","descriptor_name":"Oximetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010092","descriptor_name":"Oximetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010092","descriptor_name":"Oximetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010092","descriptor_name":"Oximetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010092","descriptor_name":"Oximetry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D063177","descriptor_name":"Pulse Wave Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2023.3254453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3254453","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4156126/4358093/10075465.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37163387","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37163387","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11322793","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7618222","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7618222/pdf/EMS208808.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7618222","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7618222/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/103401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/103401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"361","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2023.3254453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3254453","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4156126/4358093/10075465.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5201431165","display_name":"EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in High Performance Embedded and Distributed Systems","funder_award_id":"EP/L016796/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G708224916","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"215688/Z/19/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G947719514","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"215010/Z/18/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318095","display_name":"National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319990","display_name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0187kwz08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319994","display_name":"Department of Health and Social Care","ror":"https://ror.org/03sbpja79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320279","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320283","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4327852040.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4327852040.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W659584491","https://openalex.org/W1534129512","https://openalex.org/W2007741736","https://openalex.org/W2012332208","https://openalex.org/W2044043147","https://openalex.org/W2063714001","https://openalex.org/W2071425725","https://openalex.org/W2088204643","https://openalex.org/W2124909584","https://openalex.org/W2156452139","https://openalex.org/W2172250391","https://openalex.org/W2625889139","https://openalex.org/W2732079241","https://openalex.org/W2804099118","https://openalex.org/W2886149027","https://openalex.org/W2892649144","https://openalex.org/W2901401319","https://openalex.org/W2955961229","https://openalex.org/W3152104884","https://openalex.org/W6654065443","https://openalex.org/W6655966359","https://openalex.org/W6671115076","https://openalex.org/W6679875451","https://openalex.org/W6712938328","https://openalex.org/W6721057559","https://openalex.org/W6765948686","https://openalex.org/W6838896746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2732360296","https://openalex.org/W1994871954","https://openalex.org/W4297152434","https://openalex.org/W2072858761","https://openalex.org/W2122132874","https://openalex.org/W4200107443","https://openalex.org/W4239033438","https://openalex.org/W2384584038","https://openalex.org/W2400155998","https://openalex.org/W2017259117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,38,49,55,117,156,184,202],"novel":[4],"PPG":[5,70,77,100],"acquisition":[6,13],"platform":[7,29],"capable":[8],"of":[9,41,108,120,161,170,211],"synchronous":[10],"multi-wavelength":[11],"signal":[12],"from":[14,24,72,79,197],"two":[15],"measurement":[16],"locations":[17],"with":[18,82,128,168],"up":[19],"to":[20,45,217,220],"4":[21,69,76],"independent":[22],"wavelengths":[23,83],"each":[25],"in":[26,65,177],"parallel.":[27],"The":[28,61],"is":[30],"fully":[31],"configurable":[32],"and":[33,43,54,75,91,116,152,182,193,207,213],"operates":[34],"at":[35],"1ksps,":[36],"accommodating":[37],"wide":[39],"variety":[40],"transmitters":[42],"detectors":[44],"serve":[46],"as":[47],"both":[48],"research":[50],"tool":[51,57],"for":[52,58,87,114,125,136,173],"experimentation":[53],"clinical":[56],"disease":[59],"monitoring.":[60],"sensing":[62],"probes":[63],"presented":[64],"this":[66,174],"work":[67],"acquire":[68],"channels":[71,78],"the":[73,80,105,129,133,190,198],"wrist":[74,151],"fingertip,":[81],"such":[84],"that":[85],"surrogates":[86],"pulse":[88,138],"wave":[89],"velocity":[90],"haematocrit":[92,185],"can":[93],"be":[94],"extracted.":[95],"<p":[96],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[97],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">For":[98],"conventional":[99],"sensing,":[101],"we":[102,180],"have":[103,141],"achieved":[104],"mean":[106,118],"error":[107,119],"4.08":[109],"<inline-formula><tex-math":[110,122,163],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula>":[111,123,164],"3.72":[112],"bpm":[113],"heart-rate":[115],"1.54":[121],"1.04%":[124],"SpO<sub>2</sub>":[126],"measurement,":[127],"latter":[130],"lying":[131],"within":[132],"FDA":[134],"limits":[135],"commercial":[137],"oximeters.":[139],"We":[140],"further":[142],"evaluated":[143],"over":[144],"700":[145],"individual":[146],"peak-to-peak":[147],"time":[148],"differences":[149],"between":[150,189,205],"fingertip":[153,199],"signals,":[154],"achieving":[155],"normalized":[157],"weighted":[158],"average":[159],"PWV":[160,171],"5.80":[162],"1.58":[165],"m/s,":[166],"matching":[167],"values":[169,209],"found":[172],"age":[175],"group":[176],"literature.":[178],"Lastly,":[179],"introduced":[181],"computed":[183],"ratio":[186],"(<inline-formula><tex-math":[187],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$R_{hct}$</tex-math></inline-formula>)":[188],"deep":[191,194],"IR":[192],"red":[195],"wavelength":[196],"sensor,":[200],"finding":[201],"significant":[203],"difference":[204],"male":[206],"female":[208],"(median":[210],"1.9":[212],"2.93":[214],"respectively)":[215],"pointing":[216],"devices":[218],"sensitivity":[219],"Hct.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
