{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323056603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3252402","title":"Recent Advances in CMOS Electrochemical Biosensor Design for Microbial Monitoring: Review and Design Methodology","display_name":"Recent Advances in CMOS Electrochemical Biosensor Design for Microbial Monitoring: Review and Design Methodology","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323056603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3252402","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37028090"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2023.3252402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3252402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077239247","display_name":"S. Nazila Hosseini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2163-9965"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seyedeh-Nazila Hosseini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027730658","display_name":"Partha Sarati Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7650-1069"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Partha Sarati Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075591948","display_name":"Vahid Khojasteh Lazarjan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3323-7886"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vahid Khojasteh Lazarjan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083890681","display_name":"Gabriel Gagnon-Turcotte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4336-2664"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Gagnon-Turcotte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022143962","display_name":"Karim Bouzid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-2940"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karim Bouzid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018071134","display_name":"Benoit Gosselin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1473-3451"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benoit Gosselin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Smart Biomedical Microsystems Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077239247"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3314,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98953975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":"202","last_page":"228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11434","display_name":"Electrochemical Analysis and Applications","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1603","display_name":"Electrochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11393","display_name":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biosensor","display_name":"Biosensor","score":0.848107099533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.556715190410614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44977423548698425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4468826949596405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microelectrode","display_name":"Microelectrode","score":0.4236203134059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.40698927640914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrode","display_name":"Electrode","score":0.28167587518692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.14332464337348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.1108320951461792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160756335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q669391","display_name":"Biosensor","level":2,"score":0.848107099533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.556715190410614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44977423548698425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4468826949596405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111670793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16979465","display_name":"Microelectrode","level":3,"score":0.4236203134059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.40698927640914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.28167587518692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.14332464337348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1108320951461792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008839","descriptor_name":"Microelectrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008839","descriptor_name":"Microelectrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008839","descriptor_name":"Microelectrodes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015374","descriptor_name":"Biosensing Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055664","descriptor_name":"Electrochemical Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055664","descriptor_name":"Electrochemical Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055664","descriptor_name":"Electrochemical Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058266","descriptor_name":"Dielectric Spectroscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058266","descriptor_name":"Dielectric Spectroscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058266","descriptor_name":"Dielectric Spectroscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2023.3252402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2023.3252402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37028090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37028090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":216,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511691393","https://openalex.org/W1540695808","https://openalex.org/W1548980110","https://openalex.org/W1598338247","https://openalex.org/W1725848264","https://openalex.org/W1735420513","https://openalex.org/W1782726649","https://openalex.org/W1815444836","https://openalex.org/W1963688805","https://openalex.org/W1969717683","https://openalex.org/W1970773541","https://openalex.org/W1973733197","https://openalex.org/W1976143019","https://openalex.org/W1978468198","https://openalex.org/W1980064520","https://openalex.org/W1983450564","https://openalex.org/W1983550700","https://openalex.org/W1988873284","https://openalex.org/W1988929438","https://openalex.org/W1997154436","https://openalex.org/W1997504236","https://openalex.org/W2003482295","https://openalex.org/W2003936798","https://openalex.org/W2004754423","https://openalex.org/W2004985708","https://openalex.org/W2005112949","https://openalex.org/W2013688232","https://openalex.org/W2014681414","https://openalex.org/W2014934254","https://openalex.org/W2028403508","https://openalex.org/W2039131113","https://openalex.org/W2040849793","https://openalex.org/W2044751486","https://openalex.org/W2045637726","https://openalex.org/W2047347521","https://openalex.org/W2048908509","https://openalex.org/W2052803981","https://openalex.org/W2053558700","https://openalex.org/W2058113080","https://openalex.org/W2060309210","https://openalex.org/W2065332984","https://openalex.org/W2068274604","https://openalex.org/W2069782641","https://openalex.org/W2070490939","https://openalex.org/W2071755726","https://openalex.org/W2072931302","https://openalex.org/W2073588281","https://openalex.org/W2073880509","https://openalex.org/W2080154383","https://openalex.org/W2082133857","https://openalex.org/W2083896641","https://openalex.org/W2094408547","https://openalex.org/W2098606699","https://openalex.org/W2102125290","https://openalex.org/W2104577704","https://openalex.org/W2104921553","https://openalex.org/W2116894017","https://openalex.org/W2119399232","https://openalex.org/W2122744929","https://openalex.org/W2123337659","https://openalex.org/W2126497114","https://openalex.org/W2128615120","https://openalex.org/W2134013414","https://openalex.org/W2146744785","https://openalex.org/W2148251220","https://openalex.org/W2148880959","https://openalex.org/W2149411493","https://openalex.org/W2149482642","https://openalex.org/W2150769312","https://openalex.org/W2151984008","https://openalex.org/W2153710474","https://openalex.org/W2155512908","https://openalex.org/W2159486017","https://openalex.org/W2163340398","https://openalex.org/W2163527972","https://openalex.org/W2164203530","https://openalex.org/W2167038741","https://openalex.org/W2171543143","https://openalex.org/W2173561569","https://openalex.org/W2179643578","https://openalex.org/W2181103586","https://openalex.org/W2201054919","https://openalex.org/W2284805588","https://openalex.org/W2295785518","https://openalex.org/W2315155084","https://openalex.org/W2325229160","https://openalex.org/W2326089456","https://openalex.org/W2341312592","https://openalex.org/W2467093478","https://openalex.org/W2495154698","https://openalex.org/W2497902684","https://openalex.org/W2501921835","https://openalex.org/W2511123254","https://openalex.org/W2519265864","https://openalex.org/W2526511136","https://openalex.org/W2536114661","https://openalex.org/W2546668052","https://openalex.org/W2565625374","https://openalex.org/W2580100504","https://openalex.org/W2582502508","https://openalex.org/W2586662009","https://openalex.org/W2588041430","https://openalex.org/W2588199879","https://openalex.org/W2592582803","https://openalex.org/W2593557261","https://openalex.org/W2609008982","https://openalex.org/W2623858770","https://openalex.org/W2725266022","https://openalex.org/W2734395247","https://openalex.org/W2740628622","https://openalex.org/W2749170445","https://openalex.org/W2750396389","https://openalex.org/W2753607160","https://openalex.org/W2758506682","https://openalex.org/W2758605479","https://openalex.org/W2765968375","https://openalex.org/W2767492614","https://openalex.org/W2768891048","https://openalex.org/W2787624774","https://openalex.org/W2792183869","https://openalex.org/W2792842621","https://openalex.org/W2795160976","https://openalex.org/W2800022721","https://openalex.org/W2800980659","https://openalex.org/W2802809092","https://openalex.org/W2803292899","https://openalex.org/W2807576810","https://openalex.org/W2888601594","https://openalex.org/W2888899321","https://openalex.org/W2891436454","https://openalex.org/W2899055233","https://openalex.org/W2904791950","https://openalex.org/W2908396102","https://openalex.org/W2912932887","https://openalex.org/W2918367398","https://openalex.org/W2920796775","https://openalex.org/W2938224971","https://openalex.org/W2943089574","https://openalex.org/W2949584495","https://openalex.org/W2960853636","https://openalex.org/W2965885602","https://openalex.org/W2969733320","https://openalex.org/W2972528756","https://openalex.org/W2979994572","https://openalex.org/W2986962496","https://openalex.org/W2989741788","https://openalex.org/W2995070260","https://openalex.org/W2996966068","https://openalex.org/W2998180697","https://openalex.org/W2999635900","https://openalex.org/W3001807907","https://openalex.org/W3003567721","https://openalex.org/W3006384028","https://openalex.org/W3010353434","https://openalex.org/W3010520048","https://openalex.org/W3010978145","https://openalex.org/W3015321839","https://openalex.org/W3015544413","https://openalex.org/W3016272615","https://openalex.org/W3019042088","https://openalex.org/W3021302047","https://openalex.org/W3021753218","https://openalex.org/W3027316594","https://openalex.org/W3031067648","https://openalex.org/W3031205627","https://openalex.org/W3033703371","https://openalex.org/W3035039458","https://openalex.org/W3035668800","https://openalex.org/W3035826394","https://openalex.org/W3037244468","https://openalex.org/W3045325513","https://openalex.org/W3046706627","https://openalex.org/W3083351417","https://openalex.org/W3088242017","https://openalex.org/W3092661787","https://openalex.org/W3093354679","https://openalex.org/W3102709812","https://openalex.org/W3118583579","https://openalex.org/W3123066175","https://openalex.org/W3126326356","https://openalex.org/W3126899376","https://openalex.org/W3126951392","https://openalex.org/W3127094287","https://openalex.org/W3130117803","https://openalex.org/W3133898350","https://openalex.org/W3134197002","https://openalex.org/W3137752260","https://openalex.org/W3157446350","https://openalex.org/W3164051821","https://openalex.org/W3172120927","https://openalex.org/W3172734369","https://openalex.org/W3173311735","https://openalex.org/W3190819389","https://openalex.org/W3196978843","https://openalex.org/W3197001398","https://openalex.org/W3200063015","https://openalex.org/W3202325891","https://openalex.org/W3210997191","https://openalex.org/W4200016088","https://openalex.org/W4200104899","https://openalex.org/W4200371252","https://openalex.org/W4200597651","https://openalex.org/W4220849348","https://openalex.org/W4220928849","https://openalex.org/W4223637965","https://openalex.org/W4226348094","https://openalex.org/W4237011848","https://openalex.org/W4243818631","https://openalex.org/W4286493347","https://openalex.org/W4292071972","https://openalex.org/W4306651268","https://openalex.org/W4306834929","https://openalex.org/W4312890816","https://openalex.org/W6744558939","https://openalex.org/W6751510006","https://openalex.org/W6783121191"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W4253324731","https://openalex.org/W2137815833","https://openalex.org/W4324119913","https://openalex.org/W2242980981","https://openalex.org/W4385062389","https://openalex.org/W2134288827","https://openalex.org/W4242996090","https://openalex.org/W1529334324","https://openalex.org/W1976185190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rapid,":[0],"high-sensitivity,":[1],"and":[2,23,31,41,46,74,78,84,99,126,132,151,168,178,195,225,230,237,253,268],"real-time":[3],"characterization":[4],"of":[5,21,26,37,104,114,134,197,207,222],"microorganisms":[6],"plays":[7],"a":[8],"significant":[9],"role":[10],"in":[11,59,88,94,119,138,141,163,213,257],"several":[12],"areas,":[13],"including":[14,260],"clinical":[15],"diagnosis,":[16],"human":[17],"healthcare,":[18],"early":[19],"detection":[20],"outbreaks,":[22],"the":[24,35,63,111,130,135,149,184,193,198,205,211,220,249],"protection":[25],"living":[27],"beings.":[28],"Integrating":[29],"microbiology":[30],"electrical":[32],"engineering":[33],"promises":[34],"development":[36],"low-cost,":[38],"miniaturized,":[39,77],"autonomous,":[40],"high-sensitivity":[42],"sensors":[43],"to":[44,72,82,109,128,166,183,203],"quantify":[45],"characterize":[47,169],"bacterial":[48,86],"strains":[49],"at":[50],"various":[51],"concentrations.":[52],"Electrochemical-based":[53],"biosensors":[54,81,122,140,165],"are":[55,107],"receiving":[56],"particular":[57],"attention":[58],"microbiological":[60,142],"applications":[61],"among":[62],"different":[64],"biosensing":[65],"devices.":[66],"Several":[67],"approaches":[68],"have":[69,159],"been":[70,161],"adopted":[71],"design":[73],"fabricate":[75,238],"cutting-edge,":[76],"portable":[79],"electrochemical":[80,121,139,164,208],"track":[83],"monitor":[85],"cultures":[87],"real":[89],"time.":[90],"These":[91],"techniques":[92],"differ":[93],"their":[95,244],"sensing":[96,116,228],"interface":[97,156,185],"circuits":[98,157],"microelectrode":[100,251,264],"fabrication.":[101],"The":[102],"goals":[103],"this":[105,145,214],"review":[106],"(1)":[108],"summarize":[110],"current":[112],"state":[113],"CMOS":[115,154],"circuit":[117,186],"designs":[118,224,252],"label-free":[120],"for":[123],"bacteria":[124,170],"monitoring":[125],"(2)":[127],"discuss":[129],"material":[131,194],"size":[133],"electrodes":[136,262],"used":[137,162],"applications.":[143],"In":[144,181],"paper,":[146,267],"we":[147,247],"reviewed":[148],"latest":[150],"most":[152],"advanced":[153],"integrated":[155],"that":[158],"recently":[160],"identify":[167],"species,":[171],"such":[172,191],"as":[173,192],"impedance":[174],"spectroscopy,":[175],"capacitive,":[176],"amperometry,":[177],"voltammetry,":[179],"etc.":[180,271],"addition":[182],"design,":[187,236],"other":[188],"crucial":[189],"factors,":[190],"scale":[196],"electrodes,":[199,270],"must":[200],"be":[201],"considered":[202],"increase":[204],"sensitivity":[206],"biosensors.":[209],"Surveying":[210],"literature":[212],"field":[215],"improves":[216],"our":[217],"knowledge":[218],"about":[219],"impact":[221],"electrode":[223,240],"materials":[226,254],"on":[227,243],"precision":[229],"will":[231],"help":[232],"future":[233],"designers":[234],"adapt,":[235],"appropriate":[239],"configurations":[241],"based":[242],"application.":[245],"Thus,":[246],"summarized":[248],"conventional":[250],"mainly":[255],"employed":[256],"microbial":[258],"sensors,":[259],"interdigitated":[261],"(IDEs),":[263],"arrays":[265],"(MEAs),":[266],"carbon-based":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}