{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3025108401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2020.2994297","title":"A 1 MHz Miniaturized Electrical Impedance Tomography System for Prostate Imaging","display_name":"A 1 MHz Miniaturized Electrical Impedance Tomography System for Prostate Imaging","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3025108401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2020.2994297","mag":"3025108401","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32406844"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2020.2994297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2020.2994297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026786591","display_name":"Arun Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8769-2606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arun Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thayer School Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8769-2606","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thayer School Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043853954","display_name":"Ethan K. Murphy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4635-3384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ethan K. Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thayer School Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4635-3384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thayer School Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049384673","display_name":"Ryan J. Halter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0222-3948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan J. Halter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091505088","display_name":"Kofi Odame","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8519-2392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kofi M. Odame","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thayer School Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thayer School Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.561,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82971315,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"4","first_page":"787","last_page":"799"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11778","display_name":"Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11255","display_name":"Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance-tomography","display_name":"Electrical impedance tomography","score":0.7568226456642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.6757098436355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-graphics-array","display_name":"Video Graphics Array","score":0.5668860077857971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4876231253147125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.46054312586784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4136277139186859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.3765678405761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32166099548339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.23056447505950928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2041969895362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.20057204365730286}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155175808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1326472","display_name":"Electrical impedance tomography","level":3,"score":0.7568226456642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.6757098436355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139983466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17194","display_name":"Video Graphics Array","level":3,"score":0.5668860077857971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4876231253147125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.46054312586784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4136277139186859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.3765678405761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32166099548339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.23056447505950928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2041969895362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.20057204365730286}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008904","descriptor_name":"Miniaturization","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008904","descriptor_name":"Miniaturization","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008904","descriptor_name":"Miniaturization","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011467","descriptor_name":"Prostate","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011467","descriptor_name":"Prostate","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011467","descriptor_name":"Prostate","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011471","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011471","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011471","descriptor_name":"Prostatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014054","descriptor_name":"Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017097","descriptor_name":"Electric Impedance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019047","descriptor_name":"Phantoms, Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2020.2994297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2020.2994297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32406844","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32406844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G653655597","display_name":"SCH: INT: A noninvasive cardiac output device for telemonitoring","funder_award_id":"1418497","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977740309","https://openalex.org/W1989403098","https://openalex.org/W2007461874","https://openalex.org/W2023420003","https://openalex.org/W2037118588","https://openalex.org/W2121581056","https://openalex.org/W2127519209","https://openalex.org/W2129374966","https://openalex.org/W2134179788","https://openalex.org/W2137627159","https://openalex.org/W2152864769","https://openalex.org/W2156942148","https://openalex.org/W2325094267","https://openalex.org/W2550772329","https://openalex.org/W2565717406","https://openalex.org/W2749919169","https://openalex.org/W2800982752","https://openalex.org/W2887908990","https://openalex.org/W2900481735","https://openalex.org/W2912893816","https://openalex.org/W2918434414","https://openalex.org/W2953959093","https://openalex.org/W3100457172","https://openalex.org/W6701338232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2360664843","https://openalex.org/W2364087260","https://openalex.org/W2390465755","https://openalex.org/W2094322362","https://openalex.org/W2351631418","https://openalex.org/W2353540338","https://openalex.org/W2367611520","https://openalex.org/W2156243629","https://openalex.org/W2370092517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"ASIC":[1,19,36],"for":[2,12,54,74],"a":[3,21,42,50,88,95,101,151],"high":[4,27],"frequency":[5,126],"electrical":[6],"impedance":[7],"tomography":[8],"(EIT)":[9],"imaging":[10,91,110,154],"system":[11,80,115],"prostate":[13,111,152],"cancer":[14,112,153],"screening":[15],"is":[16],"presented.":[17],"The":[18,34,114],"enables":[20],"small":[22,146],"form-factor":[23],"architecture,":[24],"which":[25],"ensures":[26],"signal-to-noise":[28],"ratio":[29],"(SNR)":[30],"at":[31],"MHz":[32],"frequencies.":[33],"4-channel":[35],"was":[37,81,85],"designed":[38],"and":[39,48,69,83,100,121],"fabricated":[40],"in":[41],"standard":[43],"CMOS":[44],"0.18-":[45],"\u03bcm":[46],"technology":[47],"integrates":[49],"novel":[51],"current":[52,55],"driver":[53],"stimulus,":[56],"instrumentation":[57],"amplifier":[58],"to":[59,65,131],"interface":[60,73],"with":[61,71,98],"the":[62,106,125,142,145],"tissue,":[63],"VGA":[64],"provide":[66],"variable":[67],"gain":[68],"ADC":[70],"SPI":[72],"digitization.":[75],"A":[76],"prototype":[77],"miniaturized":[78],"EIT":[79,138],"built":[82],"it":[84,135],"evaluated":[86],"using":[87],"model":[89],"transrectal":[90],"probe":[92],"immersed":[93],"into":[94],"tank":[96],"filled":[97],"saline":[99],"metal":[102,147],"inclusion":[103,148],"that":[104,140,149],"demonstrated":[105],"open-domain":[107],"problem":[108],"of":[109,128,144],"lesion.":[113],"maintained":[116],"an":[117],"SNR":[118],"between":[119],"66":[120],"76":[122],"dB":[123],"over":[124],"range":[127],"500":[129],"Hz":[130],"1":[132],"MHz.":[133],"Also,":[134],"produced":[136],"reconstructed":[137],"images":[139],"depicted":[141],"presence":[143],"modeled":[150],"application.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}