{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2938616020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2019.2928793","title":"MorphIC: A 65-nm 738k-Synapse/mm$^2$ Quad-Core Binary-Weight Digital Neuromorphic Processor With Stochastic Spike-Driven Online Learning","display_name":"MorphIC: A 65-nm 738k-Synapse/mm$^2$ Quad-Core Binary-Weight Digital Neuromorphic Processor With Stochastic Spike-Driven Online Learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2938616020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2019.2928793","mag":"2938616020","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31329562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2019.2928793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2019.2928793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.08513","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Charlotte Frenkel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1879-0288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charlotte Frenkel","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICTEAM Institute, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICTEAM Institute, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jean-Didier Legat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-5124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Didier Legat","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICTEAM Institute, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICTEAM Institute, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David Bol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2678-1613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Bol","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICTEAM Institute, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICTEAM Institute, Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.8099,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":163,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9834554,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"5","first_page":"999","last_page":"1010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.8277000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.7857999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.5684000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5095000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.3562999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-core-processor","display_name":"Multi-core processor","score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptic-weight","display_name":"Synaptic weight","score":0.31130000948905945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.8277000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.7857999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7811999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.5684000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5095000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.4837000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.451200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4302000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3562999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3546000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.3255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66949984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662043","display_name":"Synaptic weight","level":3,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781357197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5757597","display_name":"High memory","level":2,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775896111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q642560","display_name":"Router","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86111242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859595","display_name":"Coprocessor","level":2,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29984679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929149","display_name":"Crossbar switch","level":2,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128519102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339554","display_name":"Network on a chip","level":2,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74366991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2755335","display_name":"Network processor","level":3,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123593499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6008583","display_name":"In-Memory Processing","level":5,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003201","descriptor_name":"Computers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009473","descriptor_name":"Neuronal Plasticity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009473","descriptor_name":"Neuronal Plasticity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009473","descriptor_name":"Neuronal Plasticity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2019.2928793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2019.2928793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31329562","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31329562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1904.08513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.08513","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.08513","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dial.uclouvain.be:boreal:226234","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/226234","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401902","display_name":"Digital Access to Libraries (Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Universit\u00e9 de Namur (UNamur) and the Universit\u00e9 Saint-Louis (USL-B))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","host_organization_name":"UCLouvain","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, Vol. 13, no.5, p. 999-1010 (2019)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1904.08513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.08513","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.08513","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487867841","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1604973310","https://openalex.org/W1975072631","https://openalex.org/W1975398991","https://openalex.org/W1979426401","https://openalex.org/W1994435842","https://openalex.org/W1995839907","https://openalex.org/W2018256572","https://openalex.org/W2057707608","https://openalex.org/W2069552454","https://openalex.org/W2093618981","https://openalex.org/W2102397476","https://openalex.org/W2108883166","https://openalex.org/W2110269656","https://openalex.org/W2112408199","https://openalex.org/W2130360162","https://openalex.org/W2157159651","https://openalex.org/W2163288878","https://openalex.org/W2501518233","https://openalex.org/W2529004582","https://openalex.org/W2565565355","https://openalex.org/W2620474507","https://openalex.org/W2747730547","https://openalex.org/W2749476078","https://openalex.org/W2760188877","https://openalex.org/W2765399440","https://openalex.org/W2783525259","https://openalex.org/W2794363428","https://openalex.org/W2897802248","https://openalex.org/W2911149048","https://openalex.org/W2963029056","https://openalex.org/W2963145956","https://openalex.org/W2963221280","https://openalex.org/W2963335874","https://openalex.org/W6629353437","https://openalex.org/W6679951043","https://openalex.org/W6686394896","https://openalex.org/W6693397755","https://openalex.org/W6697048981","https://openalex.org/W6742422501","https://openalex.org/W6753520309","https://openalex.org/W6929116918","https://openalex.org/W7068105237"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"trends":[1],"in":[2,104,125,202,218,235],"the":[3,17,33,49,109,120,137,157,219,223,236],"field":[4],"of":[5,21,37,51,122,156,180,198,209],"neural":[6,75],"network":[7,76],"accelerators":[8],"investigate":[9],"weight":[10,27,45],"quantization":[11],"as":[12,97],"a":[13,59,98,146,153,165,178,206],"means":[14],"to":[15,31,57,81,127,228],"increase":[16],"resource-":[18],"and":[19,106,115,164,186],"power-efficiency":[20],"hardware":[22],"devices.":[23],"As":[24],"full":[25],"on-chip":[26,92,129],"storage":[28,46],"is":[29],"necessary":[30],"avoid":[32],"high":[34,207],"energy":[35],"cost":[36],"off-chip":[38],"memory":[39,41],"accesses,":[40],"reduction":[42,62],"requirements":[43],"for":[44,101,169,193],"pushed":[47],"toward":[48],"use":[50],"binary":[52,133],"weights,":[53],"which":[54],"were":[55],"demonstrated":[56],"have":[58],"limited":[60],"accuracy":[61],"on":[63,132,222],"many":[64],"applications":[65,102],"when":[66,85],"quantization-aware":[67],"training":[68,110],"techniques":[69,124],"are":[70,79],"used.":[71],"In":[72,140],"parallel,":[73],"spiking":[74],"(SNN)":[77],"architectures":[78],"explored":[80],"further":[82],"reduce":[83],"power":[84,105],"processing":[86],"sparse":[87],"event-based":[88],"data":[89],"streams,":[90],"while":[91,231],"spike-based":[93],"online":[94,130],"learning":[95,131,162],"appears":[96],"key":[99],"feature":[100],"constrained":[103],"resources":[107],"during":[108],"phase.":[111],"However,":[112],"designing":[113],"power-":[114],"area-efficient":[116],"SNNs":[117],"still":[118],"requires":[119],"development":[121],"specific":[123],"order":[126],"leverage":[128],"weights":[134],"without":[135],"compromising":[136],"synapse":[138],"density.":[139],"this":[141],"paper,":[142],"we":[143],"demonstrate":[144],"MorphIC,":[145],"quad-core":[147],"binary-weight":[148],"digital":[149],"neuromorphic":[150],"processor":[151,176],"embedding":[152],"stochastic":[154],"version":[155],"spike-driven":[158],"synaptic":[159],"plasticity":[160],"(S-SDSP)":[161],"rule":[163],"hierarchical":[166],"routing":[167],"fabric":[168],"large-scale":[170],"chip":[171],"interconnection.":[172],"The":[173],"MorphIC":[174,213],"SNN":[175],"embeds":[177],"total":[179],"2k":[181],"leaky":[182],"integrate-and-fire":[183],"(LIF)":[184],"neurons":[185],"more":[187],"than":[188],"two":[189],"million":[190],"plastic":[191],"synapses":[192],"an":[194,215],"active":[195],"silicon":[196],"area":[197],"2.86":[199],"mm":[200],"<sup>2</sup>":[201],"65-nm":[203],"CMOS,":[204],"achieving":[205],"density":[208],"738k":[210],"synapses/mm":[211],"<sup>2</sup>.":[212],"demonstrates":[214],"order-of-magnitude":[216],"improvement":[217],"area-accuracy":[220],"tradeoff":[221],"MNIST":[224],"classification":[225],"task":[226],"compared":[227],"previously-proposed":[229],"SNNs,":[230],"having":[232],"no":[233],"penalty":[234],"energy-accuracy":[237],"tradeoff.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-31T07:56:22.981413","created_date":"2019-04-25T00:00:00"}