{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2945651267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2019.2916676","title":"An Efficient and Robust Digital Fractional Order Differentiator Based ECG Pre-Processor Design for QRS Detection","display_name":"An Efficient and Robust Digital Fractional Order Differentiator Based ECG Pre-Processor Design for QRS Detection","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2945651267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2019.2916676","mag":"2945651267","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31094693"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2019.2916676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2019.2916676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004561229","display_name":"Chandan Nayak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1025-8737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38335241","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Raipur","ror":"https://ror.org/02y553197","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38335241"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chandan Nayak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38335241"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100728279","display_name":"Suman Kumar Saha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2213-9287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38335241","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Raipur","ror":"https://ror.org/02y553197","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38335241"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suman Kumar Saha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38335241"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012097209","display_name":"Rajib Kar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-0580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155837530","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Durgapur","ror":"https://ror.org/04ds0jm32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajib Kar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Durgapur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Durgapur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016524175","display_name":"Durbadal Mandal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4205-6534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155837530","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Durgapur","ror":"https://ror.org/04ds0jm32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Durbadal Mandal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Durgapur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Durgapur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004561229"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38335241"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5973,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9740611,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"682","last_page":"696"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qrs-complex","display_name":"QRS complex","score":0.7880814075469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differentiator","display_name":"Differentiator","score":0.6298651099205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5811814665794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5346996188163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47935253381729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infinite-impulse-response","display_name":"Infinite impulse response","score":0.4139351546764374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3741486966609955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32923078536987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-filter","display_name":"Digital filter","score":0.2082790732383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.13765022158622742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08901405334472656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111773187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1969239","display_name":"QRS complex","level":2,"score":0.7880814075469971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12112733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2659948","display_name":"Differentiator","level":3,"score":0.6298651099205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5811814665794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5346996188163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47935253381729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183816354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665617","display_name":"Infinite impulse response","level":4,"score":0.4139351546764374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3741486966609955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32923078536987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36390408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163067","display_name":"Digital filter","level":3,"score":0.2082790732383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.13765022158622742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08901405334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004867","descriptor_name":"Equipment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008128","descriptor_name":"Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008128","descriptor_name":"Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008128","descriptor_name":"Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019992","descriptor_name":"Databases as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2019.2916676","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2019.2916676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31094693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31094693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326272","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology, Philippines","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1134997027","https://openalex.org/W1600620169","https://openalex.org/W1605480097","https://openalex.org/W1971339094","https://openalex.org/W1971513336","https://openalex.org/W1991582139","https://openalex.org/W2001979953","https://openalex.org/W2011394976","https://openalex.org/W2024504058","https://openalex.org/W2035295192","https://openalex.org/W2048150589","https://openalex.org/W2048815887","https://openalex.org/W2054421446","https://openalex.org/W2070904700","https://openalex.org/W2073806155","https://openalex.org/W2074820813","https://openalex.org/W2077811713","https://openalex.org/W2079877740","https://openalex.org/W2080763304","https://openalex.org/W2082462112","https://openalex.org/W2084456910","https://openalex.org/W2099619765","https://openalex.org/W2101241469","https://openalex.org/W2101404214","https://openalex.org/W2104614052","https://openalex.org/W2105646987","https://openalex.org/W2107815783","https://openalex.org/W2113804337","https://openalex.org/W2120401159","https://openalex.org/W2125654608","https://openalex.org/W2127510558","https://openalex.org/W2136293280","https://openalex.org/W2139336218","https://openalex.org/W2154924564","https://openalex.org/W2155572235","https://openalex.org/W2161400602","https://openalex.org/W2161411167","https://openalex.org/W2162273778","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2170027043","https://openalex.org/W2170839606","https://openalex.org/W2313797383","https://openalex.org/W2411305322","https://openalex.org/W2518143795","https://openalex.org/W2568858846","https://openalex.org/W2596241027","https://openalex.org/W2677240081","https://openalex.org/W2784247182","https://openalex.org/W2794105294","https://openalex.org/W2795302640","https://openalex.org/W2809444194","https://openalex.org/W2809455435","https://openalex.org/W2886357685","https://openalex.org/W2887611609","https://openalex.org/W2888487877","https://openalex.org/W2908628565","https://openalex.org/W3174151052","https://openalex.org/W6635846282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090768150","https://openalex.org/W2795117721","https://openalex.org/W2050729095","https://openalex.org/W4313419465","https://openalex.org/W2141404703","https://openalex.org/W3038665474","https://openalex.org/W3014538998","https://openalex.org/W2373856001","https://openalex.org/W2158604394","https://openalex.org/W3212774362"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,23],"efficient":[4,24],"infinite":[5],"impulse":[6],"response":[7],"type":[8],"digital":[9],"fractional":[10],"order":[11],"differentiator":[12],"(DFOD)":[13],"based":[14,175,209,237],"electrocardiogram":[15],"(ECG)":[16],"pre-processor":[17,211],"to":[18,32,87,135,216,223,248],"detect":[19],"QRS":[20,59,97,182,204,226,238,251],"complexes.":[21],"First,":[22],"optimizer":[25],"namely,":[26],"Antlion":[27],"optimization":[28],"algorithm":[29,174],"is":[30,43,62,139,167,178],"employed":[31,179,242],"solve":[33],"the":[34,40,46,57,66,89,94,105,112,136,156,160,163,168,172,181,197,201,219,224,230,234,250],"proposed":[35,58,95,113,207,235],"DFOD":[36,42,114,177,208,236],"design":[37],"problem.":[38],"Then,":[39],"designed":[41],"deployed":[44],"in":[45,129,243],"pre-processing":[47],"stage":[48],"of":[49,70,93,111,127,131,144,149,162,199,229],"a":[50,213],"threshold":[51],"independent":[52],"R-peak":[53],"detection":[54,184,252],"technique.":[55],"Finally,":[56],"complex":[60,183,227],"detector":[61,239],"thoroughly":[63],"assessed":[64],"on":[65],"standard":[67],"ECG":[68,210,225,231,245],"datasets":[69],"MIT/BIH":[71,73,76],"Arrhythmia,":[72,78],"ST":[74],"Change,":[75],"Supraventricular":[77],"European":[79],"ST-T,":[80],"QT,":[81],"and":[82,104,121,146,185],"T-Wave":[83],"Alternans":[84],"Challenge":[85],"databases":[86],"show":[88],"wide":[90],"sense":[91],"practicability":[92],"DFOD-based":[96],"detector.":[98],"The":[99,125,141,190,206],"root-means-square":[100],"magnitude":[101],"error":[102],"(RMSME)":[103],"average":[106],"group":[107],"delay":[108],"(\u03c4<sub>DD</sub>)":[109],"metrics":[110],"are":[115,151,194],"as":[116,118],"low":[117],"-38.17":[119],"dB":[120],"0.04":[122],"samples,":[123],"respectively.":[124],"percentage":[126],"improvement":[128],"terms":[130],"RMSME":[132],"metric":[133],"compared":[134,195],"best-reported":[137],"approach":[138],"15%.":[140],"overall":[142],"sensitivity":[143],"99.89%":[145],"positive":[147],"predictivity":[148],"99.88%":[150],"incurred":[152],"by":[153],"considering":[154],"all":[155,200],"six":[157],"databases.":[158],"To":[159],"best":[161],"authors'":[164],"knowledge,":[165],"it":[166],"first":[169],"time":[170],"when":[171],"evolutionary":[173],"IIR-type":[176],"for":[180],"establishing":[186],"its":[187],"performance":[188],"superiority.":[189],"results":[191,198],"so":[192],"obtained":[193],"with":[196],"recently":[202],"reported":[203],"detectors.":[205],"has":[212],"great":[214],"potential":[215],"robustly":[217],"generate":[218],"feature":[220],"signal":[221],"related":[222],"irrespective":[228],"morphology.":[232],"Thus,":[233],"can":[240],"be":[241],"clinical":[244],"monitoring":[246],"devices":[247],"augment":[249],"performance.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
