{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2886594665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2018.2833624","title":"A Nanowatt Real-Time Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy Detector","display_name":"A Nanowatt Real-Time Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy Detector","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2886594665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2018.2833624","mag":"2886594665","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30010586"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2018.2833624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2018.2833624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083075839","display_name":"Temesghen Tekeste","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9155-7143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Temesghen Tekeste","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078108496","display_name":"Hani Saleh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-0278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hani Saleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013814572","display_name":"Baker Mohammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-473X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baker Mohammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053525471","display_name":"Ahsan H. Khandoker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0636-1646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176601375","display_name":"Khalifa University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05hffr360","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahsan Khandoker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011347476","display_name":"Herbert F. Jelinek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5457-6193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153230381","display_name":"Charles Sturt University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wfvh315","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herbert Jelinek","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020983859","display_name":"Mohammed Ismail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9574-0949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185443292","display_name":"Wayne State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01070mq45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185443292"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083075839"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176601375"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8998049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"739","last_page":"750"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5814107656478882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomic-neuropathy","display_name":"Autonomic neuropathy","score":0.4618785083293915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3756176829338074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.37324604392051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3710740804672241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.3450438380241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3387332558631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3344624936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3338155150413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.33136647939682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.32184872031211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2824363708496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21390894055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1258111298084259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5814107656478882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777480322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18554095","display_name":"Autonomic neuropathy","level":4,"score":0.4618785083293915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3756176829338074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.37324604392051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3710740804672241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3450438380241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3387332558631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3344624936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3338155150413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.33136647939682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.32184872031211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2824363708496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21390894055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1258111298084259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776715637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938205","display_name":"Neuroblastoma","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001145","descriptor_name":"Arrhythmias, Cardiac","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tbcas.2018.2833624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tbcas.2018.2833624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80299757","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"1932-4545","issn":["1932-4545","1940-9990"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30010586","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30010586","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574623013","https://openalex.org/W1605480097","https://openalex.org/W1605976388","https://openalex.org/W1990594655","https://openalex.org/W2007678179","https://openalex.org/W2019754886","https://openalex.org/W2021669309","https://openalex.org/W2034316528","https://openalex.org/W2036521161","https://openalex.org/W2039265716","https://openalex.org/W2040912879","https://openalex.org/W2047200429","https://openalex.org/W2048150589","https://openalex.org/W2060996293","https://openalex.org/W2067149824","https://openalex.org/W2069186136","https://openalex.org/W2082462112","https://openalex.org/W2127510558","https://openalex.org/W2133589238","https://openalex.org/W2136732325","https://openalex.org/W2138969187","https://openalex.org/W2152606053","https://openalex.org/W2163503093","https://openalex.org/W2320574955","https://openalex.org/W2536403375","https://openalex.org/W2581082087","https://openalex.org/W2589049692","https://openalex.org/W2751634106","https://openalex.org/W2791475151","https://openalex.org/W6634211905","https://openalex.org/W6732219674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366906938","https://openalex.org/W2349391998","https://openalex.org/W4205655149","https://openalex.org/W2000775715","https://openalex.org/W2795393339","https://openalex.org/W4390618967","https://openalex.org/W2626393719","https://openalex.org/W2074467390","https://openalex.org/W2174745845","https://openalex.org/W2063058012"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,97],"paper":[1,98],"presents":[2,99],"an":[3],"electrocardiogram":[4],"(ECG)":[5],"processor":[6],"on":[7,112,124],"chip":[8],"for":[9,32,39],"full":[10],"ECG":[11,21,41],"feature":[12],"extraction":[13,22],"and":[14,35,48,59,115,128,147],"cardiac":[15,82,95],"autonomic":[16],"neuropathy":[17],"(CAN)":[18],"classification.":[19],"Full":[20],"is":[23,80,110],"performed":[24],"using":[25,36],"absolute":[26],"value":[27],"curve":[28],"length":[29],"transform":[30],"(A-CLT)":[31],"$\\text{QRS}_{\\text{peak}}$":[33,65,67],"detection":[34],"low-pass":[37],"differentiation":[38],"other":[40],"features":[42],"such":[43],"as":[44],"$\\text{QRS}_{\\text{on}}$,":[45],"$\\text{QRS}_{\\text{off}}$,":[46],"Pwave,":[47],"Twave.":[49],"The":[50,63,139],"proposed":[51,140],"QRS":[52],"detector":[53,108],"attained":[54],"a":[55,81],"sensitivity":[56],"of":[57,61,93,105,132,135,163],"99.37%":[58],"predictivity":[60],"99.38%.":[62],"extracted":[64],"to":[66,90,168],"intervals":[68,74],"(RR":[69],"intervals)":[70],"along":[71],"with":[72],"QT":[73,116],"enable":[75],"CAN":[76,106],"severity":[77,107],"detection,":[78],"which":[79],"arrhythmia":[83],"usually":[84],"seen":[85],"in":[86,144],"diabetic":[87],"patients":[88],"leading":[89],"increased":[91],"risk":[92],"sudden":[94],"death.":[96],"the":[100,136,164],"first":[101],"hardware":[102],"real-time":[103],"implementation":[104],"that":[109],"based":[111,123],"RR":[113,119,126,137],"variability":[114,117,120],"analysis.":[118],"metrics":[121],"are":[122],"mean":[125,130],"interval":[127],"root":[129],"square":[131],"standard":[133],"differences":[134],"intervals.":[138],"architecture":[141],"was":[142],"implemented":[143],"65-nm":[145],"technology":[146],"consumed":[148],"75":[149],"nW":[150],"only":[151],"at":[152,157],"0.6":[153],"V,":[154],"when":[155],"operating":[156],"250":[158],"Hz.":[159],"Ultralow":[160],"power":[161],"dissipation":[162],"system":[165],"enables":[166],"it":[167],"be":[169],"integrated":[170],"into":[171],"wearable":[172],"healthcare":[173],"devices.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
